Association between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons exposure and current asthma: a population-based study.

Background: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are environmental contaminants that can cause a variety of health problems. This study sought to determine whether there was a relationship between PAHs and current asthma in adults.

Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2016 and employed multifactor logistic regression, subgroup analyses, and smoothed curve fitting to examine the linear and nonlinear associations between PAHs and current asthma.

Association between advanced lung cancer inflammation index and unstable asthma: a population-based study from the NHANES 2007-2018.

Background: Asthma exacerbation is associated with obesity and systemic inflammatory diseases, and advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI) is a novel biomarker of nutritional inflammation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential relationship between ALI and unstable asthma.

Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized data from the 2007-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Association between triglyceride glucose index and asthma exacerbation: A population-based study.

Background: Metabolic dysfunction is associated with respiratory diseases, and the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is an important indicator of metabolic dysfunction.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore the possible relationship between TyG and asthma exacerbation, while also investigating potential subgroup differences in this relationship.

Methods: Data from the 2009-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were included.

The application of bronchoscopy in the assessment of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis severity and recurrence.

To explore the role of bronchoscopy for the assessment of checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis (CIP), a retrospective single-center study was conducted to assess patients diagnosed with CIP at grade 2 or above and also underwent bronchoscopy between January 2020 and December 2022. Clinical data and bronchoscopic findings were recorded. The treatment data and prognosis information were collected.

Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel prostate-specific membrane antigen-targeted aryl [F]fluorosulfate PET tracers.

The expression of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) in prostate cancer is 100-1000 times higher than that in normal tissues, and it has shown great advantages in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. The combination of PSMA and PET imaging technology based on the principle of metabolic imaging can achieve high sensitivity and high specificity for diagnosis. Due to its suitable half-life (109 min) and good positron abundance (97%), as well as its cyclotron accelerated generation, F has the potential to be commercialize, which has attracted much attention.

Efficacy of cross-line anti-programmed death 1/programmed cell death-ligand 1 antibody in the treatment of advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer: A retrospective study.

Background And Aims: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) across multiple treatment lines have not yet been evaluated comprehensively. The purpose of this research was to investigate whether or not continuous cross-line ICIs therapy is effective in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective investigation into the medical histories of 47 patients diagnosed with advanced NSCLC and treated with ICIs at the Peking University First Hospital between January 2018 and June 2022.

COVID-19 surveillance based on consumer wearable devices.

Background: Consumer wearable devices such as wristbands and smartwatches have potential application value in communicable disease surveillance.

Objective: We investigated the ability of wearable devices to monitor COVID-19 patients of varying severity.

Methods: COVID-19 patients with mobile phones supporting wearable device applications were selected from Dalian Sixth People Hospital.

Photodynamic therapy upregulates expression of HIF-1α and PD-L1 in related pathways and its clinical relevance in non-small-cell lung cancer.

Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising interventional treatment approach that contributes to antitumor immunity. It has been reported that PDT can enhance the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), but its mechanism is yet unclear. Herein, we implemented bioinformatics analysis to detect common pathways and potential biomarkers in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), PDT, and NSCLC immunotherapy to investigate potential links between PDT, immunotherapy and NSCLC, and their clinical impact.

Benralizumab efficacy and safety in severe asthma: A randomized trial in Asia.

Background: Benralizumab is indicated as add-on therapy in patients with uncontrolled, severe eosinophilic asthma; it has not yet been evaluated in a large Asian population with asthma in a clinical trial.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of benralizumab in patients with severe asthma in Asia.

Methods: MIRACLE (NCT03186209) was a randomized, Phase 3 study in China, South Korea, and the Philippines.

Association of high-sensitivity CRP and FEV1%pred: a study on non-pulmonary disease in a population in Beijing, China.

Background: No studies have investigated whether high-sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP) can be used to predict the forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/estimated value of FEV1 (FEV1%pred). This study aimed to assess the association between hsCRP and FEV1%pred in middle-aged and elderly individuals without underlying lung disease.

Methods: The data for this study were obtained from a prospective cohort study that included 1047 middle-aged and elderly citizens from Beijing aged 40-75 years without any evidence of underlying lung diseases with FEV1 >70% after receiving inhalational bronchodilators.

Clinical Practice of Photodynamic Therapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in Different Scenarios: Who Is the Better Candidate?

Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a relatively safe and highly selectivity antitumor treatment, which might be increasingly used as a supplement to conventional therapies. A clinical overview and detailed comparison of how to select patients and lesions for PDT in different scenarios are urgently needed to provide a basis for clinical treatment.

Summary: This review demonstrates the highlights and obstacles of applying PDT for lung cancer and underlines points worth considering when planning to initiate PDT.

Correlation of morning dry mouth with clinical features of OSA in a community population: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Morning dry mouth, commonly seen in Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) patients, is absent in current OSA screening tools. This study evaluated the link between morning dry mouth and OSA's clinical symptoms and complications, aiming to determine its viability as a screening indicator.

Methods: This research analyses baseline data from a prospective cohort study (the PIFCOPD study).

Down-regulation of miR-21-5p by pirfenidone to inhibit fibroblast proliferation in the treatment of acquired tracheal stenosis.

Objective: Treatment options for acquired tracheal stenosis (ATS) are limited due to a series of pathophysiological changes including inflammation and cell proliferation. Micro ribonucleic acid-21-5p (miR-21-5p) may promote the excessive proliferation of fibroblasts. However, various types of fibrosis can be prevented with pirfenidone (PFD).

Modified STOP-bang questionnaire incorporating morning dry mouth and BMI adjustment in China: a retrospective study of 590 patients.

Background: Morning dry mouth (MDM) is a common symptom of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) yet current OSA screening tools overlook it.

Objective: To enhance the specificity of the Stop-Bang questionnaire (SBQ) by adding an MDM symptom.

Method: A retrospective analysis on 590 patients from Peking University First Hospital (2013-2018) suspected of OSA was conducted.

DNA image cytometry of bronchial washing as a diagnostic adjunct to radial endobronchial ultrasound-guided sampling of peripheral lung lesions: A single center prospective study.

Objective: The objective of this study is to study the adjunct role of combining DNA aneuploidy analysis with radial endobronchial ultrasound (R-EBUS)-guided sampling for diagnosis of peripheral lung lesions (PPLs).

Method: A single-center prospective study was conducted in patients undergoing R-EBUS-guided sampling for PPLs. DNA image cytometry (DNA-ICM) was used to analyze DNA aneuploidy in bronchial washing from the bronchial segment of the PPL.

Light dose effect of photodynamic therapy on growth inhibition and apoptosis induction in non-small cell lung cancer: A study in nude mouse model.

Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is receiving increasing attention in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) worldwide, but in clinical practice, the relationship between treatment effect and PDT light dose in NSCLC remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to determine the optimal light dose for PDT by exploring molecular biomarkers and evaluating tumor growth data.

Methods: We applied bioinformatics to identify promising genes and pathways in NSCLC and PDT.

Clinical features and outcomes of small airway disease in ANCA-associated vasculitis.

Background And Objective: To clarify the prevalence, features and outcomes of small airway disease (SAD) in a Chinese cohort with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) related pulmonary involvement.

Methods: SAD was recorded when the manifestations of either centrilobular nodules or air trapping were observed according to CT scans, except for infection or other airway-related comorbidities. Baseline and follow-up data were collected retrospectively.

CoronaVac and BBIBP-CorV vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 during predominant circulation of Omicron BA.5.2 and BF.7 in China, a retrospective cohort study.

Pandemic of COVID-19 hit China at the end of 2022. According to China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Omicron BA.5.

Severe pigeon paramyxovirus 1 infection in a human case with probable post-COVID-19 condition.

Pigeon paramyxovirus 1 (PPMV-1) is an antigenic host variant of avian paramyxovirus 1. Sporadic outbreaks of PPMV-1 infection have occurred in pigeons in China; however, few cases of human PPMV-1 infection have been reported. The purpose of this article is to report a case of severe human PPMV-1 infection in an individual with probable post-COVID-19 syndrome (long COVID) who presented with rapidly progressing pulmonary infection.

The association between inflammation and kynurenine pathway metabolites in electroconvulsive therapy for schizophrenia: Implications for clinical efficacy.

The kynurenine pathway (KP) of tryptophan has been implicated in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia and its interaction with the immune system has been suggested to play a role. In this study, 28 schizophrenia patients and 25 healthy controls were recruited and divided into different inflammatory subgroups using a two-step recursive clustering analysis. Cytokine gene expression and plasma KP metabolites were measured before, during and after treatment.