Genetic diversity of vector-borne zoonotic pathogens in companion dogs and cats, Tianjin, China.

Background: Dogs and cats are the hosts of many vector-borne human pathogens that can be transmitted to humans. Given their direct and intimate contact with humans, companion dogs and cats are considered direct sentinels of vector-borne human pathogens. However, limited information is currently available regarding canine and feline zoonotic pathogens in China.

Molecular evidence of Rickettsia canadensis in ticks, Hebei, China.

China was affected severely by tick-borne rickettsiosis, and more than 10 Rickettsia species pathogenic to humans have been identified. In recent years, several Rickettsia members, with unknown pathogenicity, firstly identified abroad have been found in China. In this study, parasitic and questing ticks were recovered from two sampling sites in Hebei, China.

Transcriptome profiling of A549 non-small cell lung cancer cells in response to muscle larvae excretory/secretory products.

() muscle-larva excretory/secretory products (ML-ESPs) is a complex array of proteins with antitumor activity. We previously demonstrated that ML-ESPs inhibit the proliferation of A549 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line. However, the mechanism of ML-ESPs against A549 cells, especially on the transcriptional level, remains unknow.

Cell membrane-bound toll-like receptor-1/2/4/6 monomers and -2 heterodimer inhibit enterovirus 71 replication by activating the antiviral innate response.

Host immune activation is critical for enterovirus 71 (EV71) clearance and immunopathogenesis. However, the mechanism of innate immune activation, especially of cell membrane-bound toll-like receptors (TLRs), against EV71 remains unknown. We previously demonstrated that TLR2 and its heterodimer inhibit EV71 replication.

Genetic diversity of infection in residential and field rodents in Hebei, China.

Rodents are the primary natural reservoirs of spp., and some of which are zoonotic causative agents. Hence, surveillance of sp.

Molecular detection of "Candidatus Rickettsia tarasevichiae" by Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) of the ompA gene.

"Candidatus Rickettsia tarasevichiae" (CRT) is increasingly being recognized as a disease causative agent in China and poses a great challenge to public health. Rapid and accurate detection is indispensable for laboratory diagnosis of infection caused by CRT and its surveillance in ticks. In the present study, a novel DNA-based loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay targeting the ompA gene was developed for the detection of CRT in tick samples.

Prevalence and clinical characteristics of hospitalized children with community-acquired Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia during 2017/2018, Chengde, China.

Community acquired-pneumonia (CAP) has varying causative pathogens and clinical characteristics. This study investigated the prevalence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M pneumoniae) and evaluated the clinical characteristics in infected hospitalized children by disease severity.From throat swabs of hospitalized children (5 months to 14 years) with CAP collected between November 2017 and May 2018, M pneumoniae and other CAP pathogens were identified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Orthohantaviruses infections in humans and rodents in Baoji, China.

In recent years, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) incidence has been becoming a severe public health problem again due to its significant increase in Shaanxi Province, China. Baoji, located in the Guanzhong Plain in the central part of Shaanxi Province, has been severely affected by HFRS since its first emergence in 1955. To better understand the epidemiology of orthohantaviruses infection in humans and the causative agents carried by the rodents, the long-term incidence patterns were analyzed and a molecular epidemiological investigation of orthohantaviruses infection in humans and rodents was performed.

Global profiling of the alternative splicing landscape reveals transcriptomic diversity during the early phase of enterovirus 71 infection.

The alteration of host cell splicing is a major strategy favouring viral replication; however, the interaction between human tonsillar epithelial cells (HTECs) and enterovirus 71 (EV71) has not been fully elucidated. Here, a total of 201 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 3266 novel genes with coding potential were identified. A total of 3479 skipped exons (SEs), 515 alternative 3' splice sites (A3SSs), 391 alternative 5' splice sites (A5SSs), 531 mutually exclusive exons (MXEs) and 825 retained introns (RIs) were identified as significantly altered alternative splicing (AS) events.

Extensive genetic diversity of Anaplasma bovis in ruminants in Xi'an, China.

Anaplasma bovis is an organism significant to cattle and buffalo since it is one of the causative agents of bovine anaplasmosis. Previous studies have shown the worldwide distribution of A. bovis.

Molecular detection and genetic characteristics of Babesia gibsoni in dogs in Shaanxi Province, China.

Background: Several members of genus Babesia are important pathogens causing babesiosis in dogs. In China, at least five Babesia species have been described in dogs or ticks. This study sought to determine the prevalence and molecular characteristics of various Babesia spp.

Molecular detection of Hepatozoon canis in dogs and ticks in Shaanxi province, China.

Hepatozoon canis, transmitted by Rhipicephalus sanguineus, is a tick-borne pathogen and causes canine hepatozoonosis. Until now, only limited previous studies were conducted on the molecular detection and characterization of Hepatozoon sp. in dogs in China.

An adult co-presented with varicella and herpes zoster caused by varicella zoster virus genotype J, China: a case report.

Background: Varicella zoster virus (VZV) causes varicella primarily in childhood, and some rare adults also report varicella. Herpes zoster mainly occurs in adults by endogenous reactivation of latent VZV. Until now, varicella and herpes zoster have seldom been reported simultaneously in one patient.

Mosaic genome of Human Coxsackievirus A4 associated with herpangina and HFMD in Yancheng, China, 2016 and 2018.

Objectives: To better understand the spectrums of pathogens causing herpangina and circulation of Coxsackievirus A4 in Yancheng, China.

Methods: Stool samples from herpangina and HFMD cases were collected. Real Time PCR Kits was used to identify Enterovirus 71, CV-A16 and CV-A6, and nested reverse transcription PCR (nRT-PCR) to detect the other enterovirus types.

Experimental infection of Marmota monax with a novel hepatitis A virus.

To establish an animal model for the newly identified Marmota Himalayana hepatovirus, MHHAV, so as to develop a better understanding of the infection of hepatitis A viruses. Five experimental woodchucks (Marmota monax) were inoculated intravenously with the purified MHHAV from wild woodchuck feces. One animal injected with PBS was defined as a control.

The suppression of innate immune response by human rhinovirus C.

Rhinovirus C (RV-C), a newly identified group of human rhinoviruses (RVs), is associated with exacerbation of severe asthma. The type I interferon (IFN) response induced by this virus and the mechanisms of evasion of IFN-mediated innate immunity for RV-C remain unclear. In this study, we constructed a full-length cDNA clone of RV-C (LZ651) from a clinical sample.

Study on the mitochondrial apoptosis pathways of small cell lung cancer H446 cells induced by Trichinella spiralis muscle larvae ESPs.

Trichinella spiralis (T.spiralis) muscle-larva (ML) excretory-secretory proteins (ESPs) contain antitumour-active substances. ESPs have been shown to inhibit tumour growth.

Functional and Structural Characterization of P[19] Rotavirus VP8* Interaction with Histo-blood Group Antigens.

Unlabelled: Rotaviruses (RVs) of species A (RVA) are a major causative agent of acute gastroenteritis. Recently, histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) have been reported to interact with human RVA VP8* proteins. Human P[19] is a rare P genotype of porcine origin that infects humans sporadically.

[EV71 Infection and Innate Antiviral Innate Immunity].

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a major agent of hand, foot, and mouth disease in children under five years of age. In some cases,infection with EV71 can result in herpangina, pulmonary edema and/or brainstem encephalitis. In recent years, many advances have been made towards an understanding of EV71 pathogenesis.

Binding specificity of P[8] VP8* proteins of rotavirus vaccine strains with histo-blood group antigens.

RotaTeq(®) and Rotarix™ are two common human rotavirus (RV) vaccines currently on the market worldwide. Recent studies indicate histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) may be attachment factors for RVs. The P[8] VP8* proteins of RotaTeq and Rotarix were expressed and purified, and their binding specificities were evaluated.

[Proinflammatory Cytokine and Chemokine Production of Mouse Macrophages in Response to EV-A71 Infection].

To study the replication and antiviral innate immunity of EV-A71 in mouse macrophages, we selected the mouse macrophage RAW264.7cell line as a model. An absolute quantitative PCR detection method was constructed to detect the viral load of EV-A71 in RAW264.

Susceptibility of human tonsillar epithelial cells to enterovirus 71 with normal cytokine response.

A recent histopathologic study implicated human tonsillar crypt epithelium as an important site for EV71 replication in EV71-caused fatal cases. This study aimed to confirm the susceptibility of human tonsillar epithelium to EV71. Two human tonsillar epithelial cell lines (UT-SCC-60A and UT-SCC-60B) were susceptive to EV71, and PI3K/AKT, p38, ERK1/2, and JNK1/2 signal pathways were activated.