Systematic Mendelian Randomization Exploring Druggable Genes for Hemorrhagic Strokes.

Patients with hemorrhagic stroke have high rates of morbidity and mortality, and drugs for prevention are very limited. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis can increase the success rate of drug development by providing genetic evidence. Previous MR analyses only analyzed the role of individual drug target genes in hemorrhagic stroke; therefore, we used MR analysis to systematically explore the druggable genes for hemorrhagic stroke.

Clinical outcomes and predictive model of platelet reactivity to clopidogrel after acute ischemic vascular events.

Background: High on-treatment platelet reactivity (HTPR) has been suggested as a risk factor for patients with ischemic vascular disease. We explored a predictive model of platelet reactivity to clopidogrel and the relationship with clinical outcomes.

Methods: A total of 441 patients were included.

Analysis of the Expression of Angioarchitecture-related Factors in Patients with Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation.

Background: Cerebral arteriovenous malformation (cAVM) is a type of vascular malformation associated with vascular remodeling, hemodynamic imbalance, and inflammation. We detected four angioarchitecture-related cytokines to make a better understanding of the potential aberrant signaling in the pathogenesis of cAVM and found useful proteins in predicting the risk of cerebral hemorrhage.

Methods: Immunohistochemical analysis was conducted on specimens from twenty patients with cAVM diagnosed via magnetic resonance imaging and digital subtraction angiography and twenty primary epilepsy controls using antibodies against vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1), and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS).

[Expression of TGFbeta1 and its type I receptors ALK1 and ALK5 mRNA in brain arteriovenous malformation].

Objective: To explore the expression of transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1) and its type I receptors activin-like kinase 1 (ALK1) and ALK5 mRNA in the development of brain arteriovenous malformation (BAVM).

Methods: The mRNA expressions of TGFbeta1, ALK1and ALK5 were detected with semiquantitative RT-PCR in patients with BAVM.

Results: The expressions of TGFbeta1 and ALK5 mRNA increased significantly in BAVM, and their relative expression quantity were 0.

[Evaluation of cerebral vasospasm resulting from subarachnoid hemorrhage with 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy].

Objective: To assess the value of (1)H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) in evaluating cerebral vasospasm resulting from subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).

Methods: Six dogs were subjected to autologous non-heparinized blood injection via cisternal puncture twice at one-day interval to establish models of SAH, and another 6 received injections with normal saline in an identical manner. (1)H-MRS scan was performed on the 3rd, 7th and 14th days after the injections to measure the changes of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), creatine (Cr) and choline (Cho).

[Mechanism of Ca2+ on the hyperthermia-induced apoptosis of rat hippocampal neurons in vitro].

Objective: To study the mechanism of Ca(2+) on the apoptosis induced by hyperthermia in neonate rat hippocampal neurons to provide the applicative evidence of dantrolene for preventing brain injuries.

Methods: Dantrolene, Ca(2+) specific blocking agent, was used in the hyperthermia-induced apoptosis of primary hippocampal neurons in vitro to observe its effect on the apoptosis, fluorescent intensity, and dynamic change of Ca(2+) by flowcytometry and laser confocal microscopy.

Results: The rate of apoptosis was decreased significantly after hyperthermia treatment by dantrolene sodium.

[Digital subtraction angiography and preoperative embolization for meningiomas].

Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value of digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and the clinical efficacy of preoperative embolization for miningiomas.

Methods: Fifty-eight patients with meningioma were examined by DSA, and preoperative embolization was performed in patients whose miningiomas were supplied predominantly by the external carotid artery (ECA).

Results: In 43 patients, the meningiomas was exclusively or predominantly supplied by ECA, and the feeding arteries were embolized with particles of 250-350 microm through catherization of ECA.

[Changes in Ca2+ concentration mediated by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor in PO/AH neurons of anoxic SD rats].

Objective: To study the changes of Ca2+ concentration mediated by N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor in the neurons in the preoptic area/anterior hypothalamus (PO/AH) of anoxic SD rats by investigating the properties of NMDA receptor.

Methods: The effects of NMDA receptor agonist NMDA and antagonist vaproic acid (VPA) on the [Ca2+]i in PO/AH neurons were observed in SD rats with anoxia.

Results: Under normal condition, the fluorescencet ratio was 0.

[Effect of hyperthermia combined with trauma on serum nitric oxide and mean arterial pressure in rabbits].

Objective: To study the early change of serum nitric oxide (NO) after acute heat exposure with trauma and the effect of NO on mean arterial pressure (MAP), thus to provide theoretical basis for studying the mechanism of NO effect in acute stress.

Methods: The rabbit model of acute heat exposure combined with trauma was established. The animals were divided into four groups, including control, trauma, hyperthermia and hyperthermia combined with trauma.