[Qualitative analysis on the denervating action of botulinum toxin A in gel].

Aim: To ascertain the bioactivity and to analyse quantificationally the denervating action of botulinum toxin A (BTXA) in gel.

Methods: 36 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into four groups. In group A - D, the gastrocnemius muscle of one leg was randomly selected to receive injection of BTXA solution 5U in 0.

[The clinical features and surgical treatment of masked bilateral superior oblique palsy].

Objective: To investigate the clinical features, diagnosis and the management of masked bilateral superior oblique palsy (MBSOP).

Methods: Retrospectively analyzed the records of all 7 patients that met the clinical criteria for MBSOP in Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center between 1999 and 2003. The head tilt, vertical deviation in primary position and the action of obliquus pre- and postoperatively were collected in detail.

[The effect of weakening the overaction superior oblique muscles on the status of ocular torsion].

Objective: To investigate the effect of weakening the superior oblique muscles on the status of ocular torsion.

Methods: Twenty-nine patients (58 eyes) underwent tenotomy or partial ectomy of bilateral superior oblique muscles for treatment of superior oblique overacting. Objective cyclodeviations were assessed by fundus photograph before and 7 days after the surgery.

[The effect of preventing anterior segment ischemia by preservation of anterior ciliary vessels in rabbit].

Objective: To investigate the effect of preserving anterior ciliary vessels (ACVs) on the prevention of anterior segment ischemia syndrome (ASI) during the surgery of extraocular muscles.

Methods: Thirty-two adult New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into four groups. ACVs of the right eyes were preserved among all of the rabbits, and were cut off in all of the left eyes.

[Clinical features of V patterns strabismus and its long-term effect of surgical treatment].

Objective: To investigate the features and treatment of V patterns strabismus.

Methods: Pre- and post-operative deviation and oblique muscle action as well as binocular visual function were evaluated in sixty-three V pattern patients. The difference between upgaze and downgaze of deviation were recorded before and after operation.

[The effect of weakening inferior oblique muscles on the status of ocular torsion].

Objective: To understand the clinical significance of subjective and objective examination of cyclodeviations and investigate the effect of weakening inferior oblique muscles on the status of ocular torsion.

Methods: Twenty patients (40 eyes) with overacting inferior oblique muscles underwent bilateral myotomy or partial myectomy of inferior oblique muscles. Subjective cyclodeviations were measured before surgery as well as one week, two months after surgery by double maddox rod test (DMRT).

[Clinical features and surgical treatment of A-pattern exotropia].

Objective: To investigate the clinical features of A-pattern exotropia and to evaluate the efficacy of surgical treatment for the correction of A-pattern exotropia (A-XT).

Methods: Pre- and post-operative eye position, superior oblique muscle function, clinical features and binocular function were examined and analyzed in 32 patients with A-pattern exotropia.

Results: Overaction of the superior oblique (SO) (31/32) and insufficiency of medial rectus muscle (20/32) were commonly seen in the group of patients.