[Effects of Biochar Application on Soil Organic Carbon Component in Plantations After Five Years in Northern Guangxi].

To investigate the effects of biochar(BC) addition on soil organic carbon(SOC) contents and its fractions under different biochar applications, waste twigs in Northern Guangxi were used to produce BC at 500℃. Additionally, we sought to clarify and define the carbon sequestration potential of soil and provide a basis for the preparation of biochar from forest wastes and soil improvement. In a long-term positioning test of biochar application from 1997, six different treatments were selected:0(CK), 0.

[Effects of Biochar Application on Soil Organic Nitrogen Component and Active Nitrogen in Plantations After Five Years in Northern Guangxi].

The objective of this study was to research the characteristics of fractions of organic nitrogen and active nitrogen and their relationship under different biochar applications and to provide a basis for the preparation and practical application of biochar from forest wastes. In a long-term positioning test of biochar application from 2017, six different treatments were selected:0(CK), 0.5%(T1), 1%(T2), 2%(T3), 4%(T4), and 6%(T5).

[Effects of Branches Biochar Application on Soil Physicochemical Properties of Acidified Soil in a plantation in Northern Guangxi].

This study aims to explore the effects of different biochar applications on soil physical and chemical properties in a plantation in Northern Guangxi, find the best biochar application amount, and provide scientific guidance for the efficient utilization of forest residue and soil improvement. The soil of a four-year plantation at the Huangmian forest farm in Northern Guangxi was selected as the study area, and six treatments including 0 (CK), 0.5% (T1), 1.

Redefining Pyropia (Bangiales, Rhodophyta): Four New Genera, Resurrection of Porphyrella and Description of Calidia pseudolobata sp. nov. From China.

The cosmopolitan red algal genus Pyropia sensu lato is the most speciose of the bladed Bangiales genera. In a major revision of the Bangiales, Pyropia was resurrected from Porphyra, although there was evidence at the time that species of Pyropia could be separated into several genera. Subsequent global phylogenetic analyses continued to resolve species assigned to Pyropia into several major clades with strong support, and the latest biogeographic analyses indicated that species distribution was also a pointer to the underlying phylogeny of Pyropia sensu lato.

[Soil Organic Carbon Distribution and Components in Different Plant Communities Along a Water Table Gradient in the Huixian Karst Wetland in Guilin].

In order to reveal the effect of vegetation type and soil physicochemical properties on the distribution of soil organic carbon and its components, a field survey was carried out on nine different plant communities along a water table gradient in the Huixian wetland with samples of soil at 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, and 20-30 cm in depth. The soil organic carbon (SOC), light fraction organic carbon (LFOC), heavy fraction organic carbon (HFOC), easily oxidized organic carbon (EOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), particulate organic carbon (POC), and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) were measured. The correlations among soil organic carbon components and soil physicochemical properties were also examined.

[Effects of Reclamation on Soil Nutrients and Microbial Activities in the Huixian Karst Wetland in Guilin].

To investigate the effect of reclamation on soil quality in the Huixian Karst Wetland, samples from different soil levels were collected from marsh wetland, reclaimed paddy field, and reclaimed dry farmland, for analyzing soil nutrient (carbon, nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium) contents, microbial biomass carbon/nitrogen (MBC/MBN), and microbial activity indicators[i.e. basal respiration (BR), potential respiration (PR), microbial quotient (qMB), and metabolic quotient (qCO)].

A molecular phylogeny of the bladed Bangiales (Rhodophyta) in China provides insights into biodiversity and biogeography of the genus Pyropia.

A molecular taxonomic study was undertaken for the first time of the bladed Bangiales of the mainland coast of China (Northwest Pacific) based on sequence data of 201 plastid rbcL and 148 nuclear 18S sequences of historical and contemporary specimens. The results revealed that only one genus of bladed Bangiales, Pyropia, was present along Chinese coast. Species delimitation was determined using two empirical methods: the Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD) and General Mixed Yule Coalescence (GMYC) coupled with detection of monophyly in tree reconstruction.

Chronic morphine sensitizes the brain norepinephrine system to corticotropin-releasing factor and stress.

Chronic opiate use produces persistent changes in brain neurons that are expressed as adverse effects, including physical dependence and compulsive drug-seeking behavior. Dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal response to stress also occurs with chronic opiate administration and has been implicated as a contributing factor to continued substance abuse. This study provides the first evidence for dysregulation of the central noradrenergic response to stress by chronic opiates.

Improvement in neuronal survival after ischemic preconditioning in hippocampal slice cultures.

The main goals of the current study were to assess: (a) whether a sublethal ischemic insult could protect the CA1 subregion of the hippocampus in organotypic slices against a lethal ischemic insult; and (b) whether this protection is long lasting as determined with an accurate immunohistochemical neuronal marker, NeuN. Hippocampal slice cultures were grown for 12-14 days in vitro. Slices were exposed either to oxygen/glucose deprivation (OGD) for 45 min (ischemia), or OGD for 15 min (ischemic preconditioning), 48 h prior to 45 min OGD, or were untreated (sham).