Medicine (Baltimore)
September 2024
Contrast-MRI scans carry risks associated with the chemical contrast agents. Accurate prediction of enhancement pattern of gliomas has potential in avoiding contrast agent administration to patients. This study aimed to develop a machine learning radiomics model that can accurately predict enhancement pattern of gliomas based on T2 fluid attenuated inversion recovery images.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPer- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been shown to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and accumulate in human brain. The BBB transmission and accumulation efficiency of PFAS, as well as the potential health risks from human co-exposure to legacy and emerging PFAS due to differences in transport efficiency, need to be further elucidated. In the present pilot study, 23 plasma samples from glioma patients were analyzed for 17 PFAS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInformation on molecular mechanisms has implicated potential association between the concentrations of heavy metals and incidences of glioma, but experimental data on human brain tissue remain sparse. To address this data gap, 13 heavy metals were measured in 137 glioma and 35 non-glioma samples collected from 161 alive patients in Guangdong Province, China in 2019 - 2020. All target heavy metals were detected, suggesting they could cross the blood-brain barrier.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The incidence of osteosarcoma as a secondary neoplasm in glioblastoma patient is extremely rare. The genetic characteristic still remains unclear until now.
Case Description: We reported a 47-year-old female patient with multiple intracranial disseminations and infiltrations (splenium of the corpus callosum and lateral ventricular wall) of a rapid progressive glioblastoma underwent occipital craniotomy and total resection of all the enhancing lesions.
Data on the occurrences of legacy and alternative per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in glioma are scarce. It remains unclear if PFASs exposure is related to the prevalence of glioma. A total of 137 glioma and 40 non-glioma brain tissue samples from patients recruited from the Nanfang Hospital, South China were analyzed for 17 PFAS compounds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHuman brain has a complex structure and is able to perform powerful functions. Blood-brain barrier blocks the entry of foreign substances and maintains the homeostasis of the brain. However, some exogenous substances are still able to pass through the blood-brain barrier, with distribution patterns yet to be clarified.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCraniopharyngiomas (CPs) are usually benign, non-metastasizing embryonic malformations originating from the sellar area. They are, however, locally invasive and generate adherent interfaces with the surrounding brain parenchyma. Previous studies have shown the tumor microenvironment is characterized by a local abundance of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), infiltration of leukocytes and elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines that are thought to be responsible, at least in part, for the local invasion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurosurg Pediatr
April 2016
OBJECT Craniopharyngiomas (CPs) are rare epithelial tumors that are often associated with an enigmatic and unpredictable growth pattern. Understanding the growth patterns of these tumors has a direct impact on surgical planning and may enhance the safety of radical tumor removal. The aim of this study was to analyze the growth patterns and surgical treatment of CPs with a focus on the involvement of the hypothalamopituitary axis and the relationship of the tumor to the arachnoid membrane and surrounding structures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObject: The aim of this study was to describe the similarity of configuration between the arachnoid complex in the posterior half of the incisural space and the Liliequist membrane.
Methods: Microsurgical dissection and anatomical observation were performed in 20 formalin-fixed adult cadaver heads. The origin, distribution, and configuration of the arachnoid membranes and their relationships with the vascular structures in the posterior half of the incisural space were examined.
Aims: Calcification in adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) is troublesome for surgical intervention. The aim of this study was to examine the osteogenic proteins that play important roles in the calcium deposition of the odontogenic/osteogenic tissues in craniopharyngioma.
Methods And Results: Craniopharyngiomas (n = 89) were investigated for the presence and expression pattern of the osteoinductive/odontoinductive factor bone morphogenetic protein-2 (Bmp2) and two osteoblastic differentiation makers, Runt-related transcription factor-2 (Runx2) and Osterix, using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.
Purpose: In previous studies, some disagreements regarding the nature (inner or outer arachnoid membrane) and lateral boundaries (temporal uncus or tentorial edge) of Liliequist's membrane remain. The aim was to clarify whether Liliequist's membrane is an inner or outer arachnoid membrane, and the distribution of Liliequist's membrane with emphasis on its lateral attachments.
Methods: Liliequist's membrane was investigated by microsurgical dissection in 24 formalin-fixed adult cadaver heads and by histological sections of sellar-suprasellar specimens from another four formalin-fixed adult cadaver heads.
Background: The distribution of the arachnoid membrane and its relationship with the neurovascular structures in the pineal region are still not fully understood.
Objective: Because the arachnoid membrane has an intimate relationship with the neurovascular structures in the pineal region and it will always be encountered surgically, we attempted to clarify the formation and distribution of the arachnoid envelope over the pineal region (AEPG).
Methods: The formation and distribution of the AEPG and its relationship with the neurovascular structures in the pineal region were examined by anatomic dissection in 20 adult cadaveric formalin-fixed heads.
Matrix proteins are considered to be essential for biomineralization and to be important factors in cranioharyngioma calcification. Osteopontin (OPN) is a noncollagenous, acidic bone-matrix glycoprotein, which binds tightly to hydroxyapatite and appears to form an integral part of the mineralized matrix, probably important to the integrity of cell-matrix interactions. OPN is also a ligand for a cell membrane receptor, CD44v6, which is required for efficient OPN binding.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To observe the histopathological changes of a novel small-caliber vascular graft after implantation in canine theca interna under scanning electron microscope.
Method: A 3 cm segment of the vascular graft (diameter of 4 mm) was implanted in an end-to-end fashion to bridge the severed carotid artery in 19 healthy dogs. Color Doppler sonography was performed 2 weeks after the operation to observe the patency rate of artificial blood vessel.