Roles of DJ41_1407 and DJ41_1408 in ATCC19606 Virulence and Antibiotic Response.

is a major cause of nosocomial infections, and its highly adaptive nature and broad range of antibiotic resistance enable it to persist in hospital environments. often employs two-component systems (TCSs) to regulate adaptive responses and virulence-related traits. This study describes a previously uncharacterized TCS in the ATCC19606 strain, consisting of a transcriptional sensor, DJ41_1407, and its regulator, DJ41_1408, located adjacent to GacA of the GacSA TCS.

Gene Expression of Ethanol and Acetate Metabolic Pathways in the EmaSR Regulon.

Background: Previous studies have confirmed the involvement of EmaSR (ethanol metabolism a sensor/regulator) in the regulation of ATCC 19606 ethanol and acetate metabolism. RNA-seq analysis further revealed that , , , and regulatory gene clusters potentially participate in ethanol and acetate metabolism under the control of EmaSR.

Methods: This study fused the EmaSR regulon promoter segments with reporter genes and used fluorescence expression levels to determine whether EmaSR influences regulon expression in ethanol or acetate salt environments.

Role of EmaSR in Ethanol Metabolism by .

is a well-known nosocomial pathogen that can survive in different environments through the use of intricate networks to regulate gene expression. Two-component systems (TCS) form an important part of such regulatory networks, and in this study, we describe the identification and characterization of a novel EmaSR TCS in . We constructed a Tn-tagged mutagenesis library, from which an sensor kinase gene and response regulator gene were identified.

Role of Iron-Containing Alcohol Dehydrogenases in ATCC 19606 Stress Resistance and Virulence.

Most bacteria possess alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) genes ( genes) to mitigate alcohol toxicity, but these genes have functions beyond alcohol degradation. Previous research has shown that ADH can modulate quorum sensing in , a rising opportunistic pathogen. However, the number and nature of genes in have not yet been fully characterized.

Reactivity of human antisera to codon optimized SARS-CoV2 viral proteins expressed in .

Objective: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV2 virus continues to pose a serious threat to public health worldwide. The development of rapid diagnostic kits can assist the Tzu Chi Foundation in supporting global volunteers working to provide relief during the current pandemic.

Materials And Methods: In this study, nucleotide sequences derived from publicly available viral genome data for several domains of the SARS-CoV2 spike and nucleocapsid (N) proteins were chemically synthesized, with codon optimization for protein expression.

Regulation of -Butyl Hydroperoxide Resistance by Chromosomal OhrR in ATCC 19606.

In this study, we show that ATCC 19606 harbors two sets of genes, respectively encoded in chromosomal DNA and a pMAC plasmid. We found no significant difference in organic hydroperoxide (OHP) resistance between strains with or without pMAC. However, a disk diffusion assay conducted by exposing wild-type, , represented gene on chromosome, or single mutants, or -- double mutants to -butyl hydroperoxide (BHP) found that the genes, represented genes on pMAC plasmid, may be able to complement the function of their chromosomal counterparts.

Production of optically pure (-)-borneol by Pseudomonas monteilii TCU-CK1 and characterization of borneol dehydrogenase involved.

(-)-Borneol is a bicyclic plant secondary metabolite. Optically pure (-)-borneol can only be obtained from plants, and demand exceeds supply in China. In contrast, chemically synthesized borneol contains four different stereoisomers.

Biological roles of indole-3-acetic acid in Acinetobacter baumannii.

Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is an important plant hormone, and many types of bacteria interact with plants by producing or degrading IAA in the rhizosphere. The iac (indole-3-acetic acid catabolism) gene locus in Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC19606 was previously associated with IAA degradative capability, and in this study, transcriptome analysis results derived from A. baumannii cultured with IAA showed that the expression of catechol-degrading and phenylacetate-degrading genes was elevated, indicating that IAA is likely degraded through these pathways.

Borneol Dehydrogenase from Pseudomonas sp. Strain TCU-HL1 Catalyzes the Oxidation of (+)-Borneol and Its Isomers to Camphor.

Unlabelled: Most plant-produced monoterpenes can be degraded by soil microorganisms. Borneol is a plant terpene that is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine. Neither microbial borneol dehydrogenase (BDH) nor a microbial borneol degradation pathway has been reported previously.

The In Vitro and In Vivo Wound Healing Properties of the Chinese Herbal Medicine "Jinchuang Ointment".

"Jinchuang ointment" is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine complex for treatment of incised wounds. For more than ten years, it has been used at China Medical University Hospital (Taichung, Taiwan) for the treatment of diabetic foot infections and decubitus ulcers. Three different cases are presented in this study.

Detoxification of Indole by an Indole-Induced Flavoprotein Oxygenase from Acinetobacter baumannii.

Indole, a derivative of the amino acid tryptophan, is a toxic signaling molecule, which can inhibit bacterial growth. To overcome indole-induced toxicity, many bacteria have developed enzymatic defense systems to convert indole to non-toxic, water-insoluble indigo. We previously demonstrated that, like other aromatic compound-degrading bacteria, Acinetobacter baumannii can also convert indole to indigo.

Differential expression of catalases in Vibrio parahaemolyticus under various stress conditions.

Among antioxidant enzymes, catalases protect microorganisms by degrading hydrogen peroxide under oxidative stress. In this study, the activities of at least four Vibrio parahaemolyticus catalases (Kat1 to Kat4) were differentially detected during different growth stages and under various stress conditions using zymographic analysis. Our results showed that only Kat2 is stable at 55 °C.

Systematic profiling of indole-3-acetic acid biosynthesis in bacteria using LC-MS/MS.

Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is produced from tryptophan through five synthesis pathways. A comprehensive method for the quantification of IAA and biosynthesis-related intermediates in a culture medium was developed. Sample preparation was simple with protein precipitation.

Transcriptional regulation of the iac locus from Acinetobacter baumannii by the phytohormone indole-3-acetic acid.

The iac locus is involved in indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) catabolism in Acinetobacter baumannii. Nine structural genes of iac are transcribed in the same direction, whereas iacR, which encodes a MarR-type transcriptional regulator, is transcribed in the opposite direction. The IacA protein, which is encoded by the second structural gene of the iac locus, is expressed in an IAA-dependent manner.

Draft Genome Sequence of Vibrio owensii GRA50-12, Isolated from Green Algae in the Intertidal Zone of Eastern Taiwan.

Vibrio owensii GRA50-12 was isolated from symbiotic green algae of coral. The genome contains genes encoding toxin production, virulence regulation, stress response proteins, types II, IV, and VI secretion systems, and proteins for the metabolism of aromatic compounds, which reflects its pathogenic potential and its ecological roles in the ocean.

Phosphoproteomic analysis reveals the effects of PilF phosphorylation on type IV pilus and biofilm formation in Thermus thermophilus HB27.

Thermus thermophilus HB27 is an extremely thermophilic eubacteria with a high frequency of natural competence. This organism is therefore often used as a thermophilic model to investigate the molecular basis of type IV pili-mediated functions, such as the uptake of free DNA, adhesion, twitching motility, and biofilm formation, in hot environments. In this study, the phosphoproteome of T.

Identification and characterization of an indigo-producing oxygenase involved in indole 3-acetic acid utilization by Acinetobacter baumannii.

Acinetobacter baumannii harbours a gene cluster similar to the iac locus of Pseudomonas putida 1290, which can catabolize the plant hormone indole 3-acetic acid (IAA) as an energy source. However, there has been no evidence showing that IAA can be utilized by A. baumannii.

A novel exopolysaccharide from the biofilm of Thermus aquaticus YT-1 induces the immune response through Toll-like receptor 2.

Bacterial polysaccharides are known to induce the immune response in macrophages. Here we isolated a novel extracellular polysaccharide from the biofilm of Thermus aquaticus YT-1 and evaluated its structure and immunomodulatory effects. The size of this polysaccharide, TA-1, was deduced by size-exclusion chromatography as 500 kDa.

Role of galE on biofilm formation by Thermus spp.

Thermus thermophilus and Thermus aquaticus are thermophilic bacteria that are frequently found to attach to solid surfaces in hot springs to form biofilms. Uridine diphosphate (UDP)-galactose-4'-epimerase (GalE) is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of UDP-galactose to UDP-glucose, an important biochemical step in exopolysaccharide synthesis. We expressed GalE obtained from T.

Characterization and application of a rolling-circle-type plasmid from Cupriavidus taiwanensis.

Two small cryptic plasmids, pTJ86-1 and pTJ86-2, identified in Cupriavidus taiwanensis strain TJ86, were detected and characterized. Complete sequencing of pTJ86-1 and pTJ86-2 revealed these plasmids to be 2221 and 2229bp in length with a GC content of 61.7% and 61.

Characterization of a rolling-circle replication plasmid from Thermus aquaticus NTU103.

The thermophilic bacterium Thermus aquaticus NTU103 harbors a 1,965-bp plasmid, pTA103. Sequencing analysis revealed that pTA103 contains two open reading frames. One of the open reading frames (orf2) shares no significant homology with protein in the data bank.

Functional analysis of fengycin synthetase FenD.

Fengycin is a cyclic lipopeptidic antibiotic produced nonribosomally by Bacillus subtilis. A fengycin synthetase mutant of B. subtilis F29-3 was generated with Tn917lux, which contains a transposon inserted in a 7716-bp gene, fenD.

Pseudoxanthomonas kaohsiungensis, sp. nov., a novel bacterium isolated from oil-polluted site produces extracellular surface activity.

During screening for biosurfactant-producing bacteria, a strain designated J36T was isolated from oil-polluted site near Kaohsiung city located in southern Taiwan. Cells of this organism were gram-negative rods motile by means of a single polar flagellum. Strain J36T grew well in complex media under optimum conditions of 35 degrees C and pH 7.

Rubrobacter taiwanensis sp. nov., a novel thermophilic, radiation-resistant species isolated from hot springs.

Two novel bacteria, with an optimum growth temperature of approximately 60 degrees C, were isolated from Lu-shan hot springs in the central region of Taiwan. These isolates were aerobic, thermophilic, halotolerant, pink-pigmented, heterotrophic and resistant to gamma-radiation. Both pleomorphic, short, rod-shaped cells and coccoid cells were observed.