MULTI-FLORET SPIKELET 2, a MYB Transcription Factor, Determines Spikelet Meristem Fate and Floral Organ Identity in Rice.

An understanding of flower and panicle development is crucial for improving yield and quality in majority of grass crops. In this study, we used mapping-based cloning to identify - (), which encodes a MYB transcription factor and regulates flower and spikelet development in rice (). In the mutant, specification of palea identity was severely disturbed and showed degradation or transformation into a lemma-like organ, and the number of all floral organs was increased to varying degrees.

Encodes a C2H2 Zinc Finger Protein That Regulates Spikelet Development in Rice.

The spikelet is an inflorescence structure unique to grasses. The molecular mechanisms underlying spikelet development and evolution are unclear. In this study, we characterized three allelic recessive mutants in rice (): (), , and In these mutants, organs such as the rudimentary glume, sterile lemma, palea, lodicule, and filament were elongated and/or widened, or transformed into lemma- and/or marginal region of the palea-like organs.

[Effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers on Flos Sophorae Immaturus yield and quality in hilly area of Chongqing].

With Sophora japonica at the flowering stage as the object, the effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers on the yield composition factors, yield and quality of Flos Sophorae Immaturus (FSI) was studied. The results indicated that in early spring, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer on the amplification rate of S. japonica, FSI yield composition, yield and quality were different significantly, middle to high nitrogen (1.

[Influence of Carbonization Temperature on Bacterial Community of the Biological Carbon Electrode Based on High-throughput Sequencing Technology].

Microbial diversity of anodic biofilm in bioelectrochemical systems with hemp rod carbonized at 1000 and 1800℃ as anode was investigated using Solexa high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that a total of 4231 and 5263 optimized 16S rRNA gene sequences were gained from the electrode biofilm on the hemp rod carbonized at 1000 and 1800℃, respectively. At the level of 97% similarity, 1187 and 1338 OTUs were obtained for electrode biofilm carbonized at 1000 and 1800℃, respectively.

Optimization of Microwave-Assisted Extraction Conditions for Five Major Bioactive Compounds from Flos Sophorae Immaturus (Cultivars of Sophora japonica L.) Using Response Surface Methodology.

Microwave-assisted extraction was applied to extract rutin; quercetin; genistein; kaempferol; and isorhamnetin from Flos Sophorae Immaturus. Six independent variables; namely; solvent type; particle size; extraction frequency; liquid-to-solid ratio; microwave power; and extraction time were examined. Response surface methodology using a central composite design was employed to optimize experimental conditions (liquid-to-solid ratio; microwave power; and extraction time) based on the results of single factor tests to extract the five major components in Flos Sophorae Immaturus.

Identification and gene mapping of a novel mutant supernumerary lodicules (snl) in rice.

In order to gain a better understanding of rice flower development, a rice flower mutant supernumerary lodicules (snl), which was identified from ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS)-treated Jinhui10 (Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica) was used in the present study.

[Polymorphisms in semilate indica hybrid rice as revealed by AFLPs].

The polymorphisms were analyzed in 15 semilate indica parental materials with AFLPs. The genetic distances between parental materials were small with an average of 0.2033, ranged from 0.

[The simple gain of templates of rice genomes DNA for PCR].

The solution of alkali-treated fresh rice leaves was used directly as the templates of PCR. The amplified results were stable, reliable, and had no difference compared with that amplified with rice total DNA extracted by common method. The stable results can still be obtained based on the templates kept at 25 degrees for tow weeks, at 4 degrees for three weeks, at -20 degrees for over four months.

[Analysis on the inheritance of inhibition and anti-inhibition of coleoptile purple line in rice and the SSR location of Ai(t) gene].

The ratio of purple line: no-purple line(13:3) was observed in six different F2 populations produced by crossing between parents with purple line and no-purple line in coleoptile. The backcross of XNA//XNA/ 21A150 (XNA, no-purple line and CMS, as the recurrent parent) resulted in a ratio of 1:1 (purple line: no-purple line). Genetic analysis showed that the expression of rice coleoptile purple line was influenced by two genes, inhibiting gene I and anti-inhibiting gene Ai(t).

[Prediction of yield and yield components in hybrid rice by using molecular markers].

Yield and yield components in hybrid rice were investigated using AFLP, RAPD and SSR markers. Ten restorer and five male-sterile lines were crossed in all possible pairs resulting in 50 crosses. Positive loci, effect-increasing loci, effect-decreasing loci and non-environmental loci were selected from the 931 marker loci surveyed in the 15 parental lines and their correlation with yield and yield components were analyzed.