[A preliminary study of head and neck reconstruction using free anterolateral thigh flap].

Objective: To analyze the feasibility and reliability of free anterolateral thigh flap transfers in head and neck reconstruction.

Methods: Twenty-two consecutive free anterolateral thigh flap transfers from January 2002 to January 2006 were reviewed. Data concerning the operation included date of surgery, defect description and site, stage and histology of tumor, design of anterolateral free flap, type of perforators, recipient vessel and type of anastomosis used and complications.

[Diagnosis and treatment of thyroglossal duct carcinoma: report of 3 cases].

Thyroglossal duct carcinoma is a rare malignant tumor which is usually diagnosed postoperatively. Clinical and pathological features of 3 cases of thyroglossal duct carcinoma were investigated and the optimal treatment protocol was proposed. The clinical presentation of thyroglossal duct carcinoma is very similar to that of its benign counterpart.

[Osteoclastic bone destruction and its regulating factors in oral squamous cell carcinoma].

Objective: To investigate the osteoclastic activity in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) invading the jaws and to observe the expression of RANKL and OPG, the two bone resorption related cytokines, in these cases.

Methods: Twelve cases of OSCC invading the mandible were studied. After pathological diagnosis, operations were done to remove part of the mandible depending upon the X-ray findings.

[Studies on secretion function of normal and transferred submandibular glands].

In order to investigate the secretion mechanism of denervated submandibular gland(SMG) and artificially regulate the secretion of transferred SMG,serial studies on the secretion function of normal and transferred SMG have been performed. The results showed that functional alpha(1A-) and alpha(1B-) adrenoceptors(AR) were expressed in human SMG, and might contribute to the regulation of saliva synthesis and secretion. Both beta(1)- and beta(2)-AR were expressed in rabbit SMG.

[Radioactive seed implantation in treatment of oral and maxillofacial malignancy].

Objective: To treat oral and maxillofacial malignant tumors with radioactive seed implantation and observe the therapeutic results and side effects.

Methods: Thirty-six patients with oral and maxillofacial malignancy were treated by radioactive seeds implanting (operation and seed implantation or seed implantation only). The treatment plans were designed before implanting by treatment plan system (TPS).

Clinicopathologic study of parotid involvement in 21 cases of eosinophilic hyperplastic lymphogranuloma (Kimura's disease).

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathologic features of eosinophilic hyperplastic lymphogranuloma (Kimura's disease) in the parotid gland.

Study Design: The hematoxylin and eosin sections and clinical data of 60 patients with eosinophilic hyperplastic lymphogranuloma (Kimura's disease), including with parotid involvement, were reviewed.

Results: Of 60 cases of eosinophilic hyperplastic lymphogranuloma (average age, 42 years; average disease duration, 5.

Expression and functional analysis of beta-adrenoceptor subtypes in rabbit submandibular gland.

beta-Adrenoceptors (beta-ARs) mediate important physiological functions in salivary glands. Here we investigated the expression and function of beta-AR subtypes in rabbit submandibular gland (SMG). Both beta(1)- and beta(2)-ARs, but not beta(3)-AR, were strongly expressed in rabbit SMG.

[Development of a predicting model of survival rates for patients with salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma].

Objective: To establish a predicting model of survival rates and to evaluate the weighted contributions of each key prognostic factor of the patients with salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC).

Methods: One hundred and eighteen follow-up cases with SACC were analyzed for the survival study with retrospective cohort method. Ten possible clinical and pathologic factors were selected.

[The impacts of various types of neck dissection on postoperative shoulder function for patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma].

Objective: To compare the impact of various types of neck dissection on postoperative shoulder function.

Methods: The shoulder functions of 66 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and cN0 necks who underwent various types of neck dissection were evaluated by Constant's shoulder function test and neck dissection impairment index at least 12 months after surgery.

Results: The patients with accessory spinal nerve reserved had better shoulder function than those with accessory spinal nerve resected.

[Analysis on occult micrometastasis in levels III - IV of cN0 neck in patients with oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma].

Objective: To investigate the frequency of micrometastasis in levels lII - IV of clinical negative neck (cN0) in patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of oral tongue, and to discuss the management of cervical lymph node for cN0 tongue SCC.

Methods: A total of 471 cervical lymph nodes derived from 25 patients with cN0 tongue SCC, including 263 lymph nodes in level III and 208 lymph nodes in level IV, were included in this study. All lymph nodes were re-examined by anti-cytokeratin (CK) immunohistochemical staining combined with semi-serial section per 500 microm.

Expression and characteristics of vanilloid receptor 1 in the rabbit submandibular gland.

Vanilloid receptor 1 (VR1) is a polymodal receptor originally found in sensory neurons of the central nervous system. Recent evidence indicates that VR1 is also expressed in non-neuronal tissues. We report here endogenous expression of VR1 in rabbit submandibular gland (SMG) and its possible role in regulating saliva secretion based on: (i) the expression of VR1 mRNA and protein detected in SMG; (ii) VR1 was mainly localized in the basolateral membrane of duct cells and the cytoplasm of acinar cells and also in cytoplasm of primary cultured neonatal rabbit SMG cells; (iii) stimulation of neonatal rabbit SMG cells with capsaicin induced a significant increase in intracellular calcium, and capsazepine, a VR1 antagonist, abolished this increase; (iv) infusion of capsaicin via the external carotid artery to isolated SMG increased saliva secretion of the gland.

[Repair of peripheral nerve defect by a scroll of amnion derivative compound with cultured autogenous Schwann cell in a rat model].

Objective: To test a nerve bridge substitute for peripheral nerve repair by tissue-engineering approach.

Methods: An artificial nerve fabricated with a scroll of amnion derivative (ZQ membrane) and cultured autogenous Schwann cell was sutured to bridge sciatic nerve defect of 2.5 cm in length in rats.

Establishment of submandibular gland allotransplantation model in miniature swine.

Background: Autologous transplantation of the submandibular gland (SMG) into the temporal fossa with microvascular anastomosis has been successfully applied in severe xerophthalmia patients as a permanent tear substitute. However, severe xerophthalmia can be accompanied by salivary gland dysfunction, making such autotransplantation unsuitable. Therefore, SMG allotransplantation might be a solution.

[Combined free flap and pedicled pectoralis major myocutaneous flap in reconstruction of extensive composite defects in head and neck region: a review of 9 consecutive cases].

Objective: To analyze the value and reliability of combined free flap and pedicled pectoralis major myocutaneous flap in the reconstruction of extensive composite head and neck defects.

Methods: Nine consecutive cases of combined free flap and pedicled pectoralis major myocutaneous flap transfers for extensive head and neck defects from March 2002 to April 2005 were reviewed. Data concerning the operation included defect description, type of free flap, recipient vessel and complications.

The management of salivary gland tumours.

The majority of the salivary gland tumours are of epithelial origin. The parotid gland is the most common location of these tumours. Surgery is the main modality for the management of salivary gland tumours.

[Application of supraomohyoid neck dissection in oral squamous cell carcinoma with clinically N0 neck].

Objectives: The value of supraomohyoid neck dissection used in treating oral squamous cell carcinoma was discussed.

Methods: Twenty-seven cN0 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma were entered into the study. Supraomohyoid neck dissection was performed to remove the lymphatic tissue of level I, II, and III.

Pre-mental foramen mandibulotomy for resecting tumors of tongue base and parapharyngeal space.

Background: Resection of tumors arising from the tongue base and the parapharyngeal space is difficult for exposure and manipulation because of their obscure location. The aim of this study was to evaluate the surgical approach of the pre-mental foramen mandibulotomy for resecting the tumors of tongue base and parapharyngeal space.

Methods: Fifty-one patients with tumors of tongue base and parapharyngeal space were treated using the mandibulotomy approach on the pre-mental foramen.

[Management of blood vessels in the vascularized autogenous submandibular gland transfer for severe keratoconjunctivitis sicca].

Objective: To summarize the management of blood vessels in the transfer of vascularized autogenous submandibular gland.

Methods: Sixty-eight cases of vascularized transfer of autogenous submandibular gland for severe keratoconjunctivitis sicca performed from August 1999 to April 2004 were reviewed. Data collected for each patient included general items, donor and recipient vessels, vessel crisis, salvage of the vessel thrombosis, and survival of transferred glands.

[Diagnosis and management of 49 cases of hemangiomas in infants and children].

Objective: To observe the management results of hemangioma in infants and children.

Methods: Forty-nine cases of hemangioma in infants and children managed from 1986 to 2004 were reviewed. During the management period, the incidence and first visit age and sex were recorded.

Long-term survival of an allografted submandibular gland in a miniature swine model given immunosuppressant drugs.

We used a model of allografts of submandibular glands in miniature swine to test the requirements of immunosuppressants for the survival of such grafts. Animals in the first group (n=6) were given no immunosuppressant, and the submandibular glands were rejected within 7 days. Those in the low-dose group (n=4) were treated with a low dose of cyclosporine, methylprednisolone, and azathioprine.

Maxillary reconstruction with the free fibula flap.

Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of using the free fibula flap in the reconstruction of maxillary defects.

Methods: Thirty-four consecutive cases of maxillary reconstruction with the free fibula flap were reviewed. All clinical data were analyzed, including primary diseases, types of maxillary defect, free fibula flap design, perioperative complications, and follow-up results.

[Changes of bone height after vascularized fibular bone graft in mandibular reconstruction].

Objective: To investigate the changes of vascularized fibular bone height after transplantation for mandibular reconstruction.

Methods: Thirty-two patients with mandibular defects were reconstructed with vascularized fibular bone. Postoperative follow-up pantomography was used to evaluate the changes of bone height.