The Role of the CPT Family in Cancer: Searching for New Therapeutic Strategies.

Along with abnormalities in glucose metabolism, disturbances in the balance of lipid catabolism and synthesis have emerged as a new area of cancer metabolism that needs to be studied in depth. Disturbances in lipid metabolic homeostasis, represented by fatty acid oxidation (FAO) imbalance, leading to activation of pro-cancer signals and abnormalities in the expression and activity of related metabolically critical rate-limiting enzymes, have become an important part of metabolic remodeling in cancer. The FAO process is a metabolic pathway that facilitates the breakdown of fatty acids into CO and HO and releases large amounts of energy in the body under aerobic conditions.

Miniscrew anchorage versus Class II elastics for maxillary arch distalization using clear aligners.

Objectives: To identify whether intramaxillary miniscrew anchorage could achieve a better maxillary arch distalization effect in clear aligner treatment compared to Class II elastics.

Materials And Methods: Thirty adult patients with Class II dentition who were treated with whole maxillary arch distalization using clear aligners were collected. Either intramaxillary miniscrew anchorage (miniscrew group, n = 17) or intermaxillary Class II elastics (Class II elastic group, n = 13) were used to support maxillary arch distalization.

How accurate is predicted root movement achieved in four first-premolar extraction cases with Invisalign?

Objectives: This study aims to compare the achieved and predicted root movements in adults after four first-premolar extractions and Invisalign treatment.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-three consecutive adults (22 Class I, 9 Cusp-to-cusp Class II and 2 Cusp-to-cusp Class III) from a single clinical division who completed the first series of aligners after premolar extractions were included in this retrospective study. A pretreatment cone-beam computed tomography model was registered onto the pretreatment surface-scanned dental model (SSDM) to locate the pretreatment root apices of the whole dentition.

Tweety homolog 3 promotes colorectal cancer progression through mutual regulation of histone deacetylase 7.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading cancers worldwide, with metastasis being a major cause of high mortality rates among patients. In this study, dysregulated gene Tweety homolog 3 (TTYH3) was identified by Gene Expression Omnibus database. Public databases were used to predict potential competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) for TTYH3.

Epigenetic editing of promoter increases cisplatin and olaparib sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells.

Drug resistance is the primary contributor to the high mortality rate of ovarian cancer (OC). The loss of /2 function is linked to drug sensitivity in OC cells. The aim of this study is to enhance the drug sensitivity of OC cells by inducing dysfunction through promoter epigenetic editing.

Cellular elasticity in cancer: a review of altered biomechanical features.

A large number of studies have shown that changes in biomechanical characteristics are an important indicator of tumor transformation in normal cells. Elastic deformation is one of the more studied biomechanical features of tumor cells, which plays an important role in tumourigenesis and development. Altered cell elasticity often brings many indications.

A pan-cancer characterization of immune-related NFIL3 identifies potential predictive biomarker.

Nuclear factor interleukin 3 (NFIL3) mainly focuses on the regulation of the circadian rhythm and immune system. However, the potential role of NFIL3 in human cancers has not been studied extensively. We retrieved original data from the TCGA, TARGET, and GTEx datasets via the UCSC Xena browser (http://genome.

Erratum: HOXC10 promotes carboplatin resistance of ovarian cancer by regulating ABCC3.

[This corrects the article on p. 4602 in vol. 12, PMID: 36381312.

Potential prognosis and immunotherapy predictor TFAP2A in pan-cancer.

Background: TFAP2A is critical in regulating the expression of various genes, affecting various biological processes and driving tumorigenesis and tumor development. However, the significance of TFAP2A in carcinogenesis processes remains obscure.

Methods: In our study, we explored multiple databases including TCGA, GTEx, HPA, cBioPortal, TCIA, and other well-established databases for further analysis to expound TFAP2A expression, genetic alternations, and their relationship with the prognosis and cellular signaling network alternations.

Erratum: Non-canonical signaling pathway of SNAI2 induces EMT in ovarian cancer cells by suppressing miR-222-3p transcription and upregulating PDCD10: Erratum.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7150/thno.43198.

Natural Killer Cells: A Promising Kit in the Adoptive Cell Therapy Toolbox.

As an important component of the innate immune system, natural killer (NK) cells have gained increasing attention in adoptive cell therapy for their safety and efficacious tumor-killing effect. Unlike T cells which rely on the interaction between TCRs and specific peptide-MHC complexes, NK cells are more prone to be served as "off-the-shelf" cell therapy products due to their rapid recognition and killing of tumor cells without MHC restriction. In recent years, constantly emerging sources of therapeutic NK cells have provided flexible options for cancer immunotherapy.

HOXC10 promotes carboplatin resistance of ovarian cancer by regulating ABCC3.

HOXC10 has been reported to be upregulated in ovarian cancer (OC) tissues, attributing to the metastasis of OC. However, the specific functions of HOXC10 in OC, especially its role in chemoresistance, remain to be determined. Therefore, in this study, we explored the function and the underlying mechanisms of HOXC10 in carboplatin resistance of OC.

Identification of CPT2 as a prognostic biomarker by integrating the metabolism-associated gene signature in colorectal cancer.

Background: The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is considered to be the third-highest malignant tumor among all carcinomas. The alterations in cellular bioenergetics (metabolic reprogramming) are associated with several malignant phenotypes in CRC, such as tumor cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, chemotherapy resistance, as well as promotes its immune escape. However, the expression pattern of metabolism-associated genes that mediate metabolic reprogramming in CRC remains unknown.

TWIST1 induces proteasomal degradation of β-catenin during the differentiation of ovarian cancer stem-like cells.

Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the leading gynecologic cancers worldwide. Cancer stem-like cells are correlated with relapse and resistance to chemotherapy. Twist1, which is involved in ovarian cancer stem-like cell differentiation, is positively correlated with CTNNB1 in different differentiation stages of ovarian cancer cells: primary epithelial ovarian cancer cells (primary EOC cells), mesenchymal spheroid-forming cells (MSFCs) and secondary epithelial ovarian cancer cells (sEOC cells).

Comprehensive network analysis of dysregulated genes revealed MNX1-AS1/hsa-miR-4697-3p/HOXB13 axis in ovarian cancer chemotherapy response.

Poor chemotherapy response is the main obstacle of ovarian cancer (OC) treatment. Platinum-refractory and -resistant patients are associated with a worse outcome than platinum-sensitive and partially sensitive patients, but the comprehensive similarities and differences among them are not yet clear. In this study, we analyzed the data of patients with different chemotherapy response in The Cancer Genome Atlas.

HDAC5, negatively regulated by miR-148a-3p, promotes colon cancer cell migration.

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are involved in many processes including tumor cell growth and proliferation and regulation of gene expression. To clarify the role of class IIa HDACs in the metastasis of colon adenocarcinoma, we used the class IIa HDAC inhibitor TMP269 and found that it effectively inhibited the migration ability of colon adenocarcinoma cells. Next, we silenced the member of class IIa HDACs and confirmed that the migratory ability of colon adenocarcinoma cells was significantly inhibited by silencing HDAC5 or HDAC7.

Biology and Clinical Relevance of HCMV-Associated Adaptive NK Cells.

Natural killer (NK) cells are an important component of the innate immune system due to their strong ability to kill virally infected or transformed cells without prior exposure to the antigen (Ag). However, the biology of human NK (hNK) cells has largely remained elusive. Recent advances have characterized several novel hNK subsets.

Hotair promotes the migration and proliferation in ovarian cancer by miR-222-3p/CDK19 axis.

Previous studies in our laboratory have reported that miR-222-3p was a tumor-suppressive miRNA in OC. This study aims to further understand the regulatory role of miR-222-3p in OC and provide a new mechanism for its prevention and treatment. We first found that miR-222-3p inhibited the migration and proliferation of OC cells.

Downregulation of MEIS1 mediated by ELFN1-AS1/EZH2/DNMT3a axis promotes tumorigenesis and oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer.

Oxaliplatin is widely used in the frontline treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC), but an estimated 50% of patients will eventually stop responding to treatment due to acquired resistance. This study revealed that diminished MEIS1 expression was detected in CRC and harmed the survival of CRC patients. MEIS1 impaired CRC cell viabilities and tumor growth in mice and enhanced CRC cell sensitivity to oxaliplatin by preventing DNA damage repair.

Metformin suppresses the growth of colorectal cancer by targeting INHBA to inhibit TGF-β/PI3K/AKT signaling transduction.

Multiple evidence shows that metformin serves as a potential agent for Colorectal Cancer (CRC) treatment, while its molecular mechanisms still require detailed investigation. Here, we revealed that metformin specifically suppressed the proliferation of CRC cells by causing G1/S arrest, and INHBA is a potential target for metformin to play an anti-proliferation effect in CRC. We verified the oncogene role of INHBA by knocking down and overexpressing INHBA in CRC cells.

Wnt/β-catenin signalling: function, biological mechanisms, and therapeutic opportunities.

The Wnt/β-catenin pathway comprises a family of proteins that play critical roles in embryonic development and adult tissue homeostasis. The deregulation of Wnt/β-catenin signalling often leads to various serious diseases, including cancer and non-cancer diseases. Although many articles have reviewed Wnt/β-catenin from various aspects, a systematic review encompassing the origin, composition, function, and clinical trials of the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway in tumour and diseases is lacking.

Identification of a Gene Set Correlated With Immune Status in Ovarian Cancer by Transcriptome-Wide Data Mining.

Immune checkpoint blocking (ICB) immunotherapy has achieved great success in the treatment of various malignancies. Although not have been approved for the treatment of ovarian cancer (OC), it has been actively tested for the treatment of OC. However, biomarkers that could indicate the immune status of OC and predict the response to ICB are rare.

Characterization of Histone Deacetylase Mechanisms in Cancer Development.

Over decades of studies, accumulating evidence has suggested that epigenetic dysregulation is a hallmark of tumours. Post-translational modifications of histones are involved in tumour pathogenesis and development mainly by influencing a broad range of physiological processes. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) and histone acetyltransferases (HATs) are pivotal epigenetic modulators that regulate dynamic processes in the acetylation of histones at lysine residues, thereby influencing transcription of oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes.

Comparison of achieved and predicted crown movement in adults after 4 first premolar extraction treatment with Invisalign.

Introduction: In this study, we compared achieved and predicted crown movements of maxillary and mandibular first molars, canines, and central incisors in adults after 4 first premolar extraction treatment with Invisalign.

Methods: Seventeen adult patients who received 4 first premolar extraction treatment with Invisalign and completed the first series of aligners were included. Superimposition of pretreatment and actual posttreatment dental models was acquired using registrations of pretreatment and posttreatment craniofacial models on the basis of bone surfaces and registrations of craniofacial and dental models on the basis of dental crown surfaces, respectively.