Evidence for Cross-Species Transmission of Covert Mortality Nodavirus to New Host of .

Viral covert mortality disease (VCMD), caused by covert mortality nodavirus (CMNV), is a newly emerging disease affecting most cultured shrimp and other crustaceans, but not fish. However, we discovered for the first time that , a common marine fish collecting from shrimp farming ponds and surrounding coastal waters in China, was tested to be CMNV positive based on reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay. Further investigation based on the quantitative RT-LAMP assay indicated that 39% individuals of sampled were CMNV positive.

Layer I as a putative neurogenic niche in young adult guinea pig cerebrum.

A considerable number of cells expressing typical immature neuronal markers including doublecortin (DCX+) are present around layer II in the cerebral cortex of young and adult guinea pigs and other larger mammals, and their origin and biological implication await further characterization. We show here in young adult guinea pigs that these DCX+ cells are accompanied by in situ cell division around the superficial cortical layers mostly in layer I, but they co-express proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and an early neuronal fate determining factor, PAX6. A small number of these DCX+ cells also colocalize with BrdU following administration of this mitotic indicator.

[Progress of Tol2 transposable element in Medaka fish].

As insertional mutagens or molecular tagging, transposons have been widely used for gene isolation, cloning and function study. Most of transposons are from microorganisms and plants. Medaka Tol2 is the only natural active transposon in vertebrate until now, which was found recently and is likely a peculiar transposon system of vertebrate.