[Adsorption and Desorption Behavior of PAEs Plasticizer on PVC and Rubber Particles After Natural Environment Aging].

Microplastics （MPs） coexist with plasticizers in the aqueous environment to form composite pollution, but the adsorption and desorption behaviors of MPs and plasticizers under natural conditions are unknown. Polyvinyl chloride （PVC） and rubber were used as the target MPs to characterize the changes in their morphological features after aging for one anniversary in atmospheric exposure and lake sedimentary burial environments and to investigate the adsorption and desorption behavior of the MPs to the coexisting phthalate esters （PAEs） plasticizer before and after aging. The results showed that the surface of MPs was rougher after exposure to the atmospheric environment and burial in a depositional environment, showing the characteristics of porous polymers.

Effects of Levistilide A on Hemorheology and Endothelial Cell Injury in Rats with Blood Stasis.

Background: Vascular endothelial cell injury is not only the initiating factor of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases but also the essence of blood stasis. Levistilide A (LA), a natural component isolated from the traditional Chinese herb, Hort, has traditional effects on improving blood circulation and removing stasis. In this study, the effects and potential mechanisms of LA in the rat model of blood stasis and the mechanism in endothelial cell injury have been explored.

Gastrodia elata blume ameliorates circadian rhythm disorder-induced mice memory impairment.

Circadian rhythm disorder (CRD) in space flight can lead to memory impairment, performance decrements and adverse health outcomes, the main manifestations of which are circadian desynchronization, sleep loss and insomnia. Sleep deprivation (SD) provide the means to evaluate these effects and the risks associated with CRD on ground. Gastrodia elata Blume (GEB) has beneficial effects on the treatment of sleep disturbances and memory loss.

[Effects of Roxithromycin on Reproduction,Growth, and Anti-oxidation System of ].

Roxithromycin (ROX) is widespread in the water environment and has been reported to have ecotoxicological effects on aquatic organisms. To improve our understanding of these effects, we selected as a test organism to study acute and chronic ROX toxicity on reproduction, growth, and antioxidant systems. The acute ROX toxicity was low, with 48 h-LC and 96h-LCROX values of 60.

[Effects of Two PPCPs on Nitrification in Sediments in the Yarlung Zangbo River].

To understand the effects of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) on nitrogen transformation in high-altitude rivers, we investigated the influence of the single and combined exposure of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and 2-ethylhexyl-4-methoxycinnamate (EHMC) at different concentrations (0.01, 0.1, 1.

[Distribution and Ecological Risk Assessment of PPCPs in Drinking Water Sources of Henan Province].

The occurrence of emerging pollutants pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in aquatic environments has potential adverse effects on aquatic organisms, and the presence of PPCPs in drinking water sources is very likely to cause harm to human health. The PPCPs pollution in five typical drinking water sources in Henan province was investigated. Moreover, the source of pollutants was analyzed and the relevant ecological risks were evaluated.

[Structural Characteristics of Microbial Communities in the Sediments of the Niyang River in Tibet].

The Niyang River is an important tributary of the Yarlong Zangbo River, which is also an important water source in the Gongbujiangda and Linzhi areas of Tibet. In this study, water and sediment samples from 18 sites in the Niyang River were collected. The physical and chemical properties, concentrations of 12 heavy metals, and the microbial community in the sediments were determined.

[Occurrence and Ecological Risk of Eight Typical PhACs in Surface Water and Its Impact on ].

The occurrence and risk assessment of eight typical pharmaceutical active compounds (PhACs) in a receiving water body of wastewater treatment plant effluent were investigated. The results showed that the total concentrations of eight PhACs in summer and winter ranged from 27.6 to 226.

[Distribution and Environmental Risk of Pharmaceutically Active Compounds in the Traditionally Aqueous Phase of Effluent-receiving Rivers].

Colloid media are not only an important "sink" for pollutants in the aquatic environment, but also a crucial regulating unit for the biogeochemical cycle of pollutants. In this study, the distribution and environmental risk levels of ten typical pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) in the water phase of effluent-receiving rivers were investigated using cross-flow ultrafiltration, solid-phase extraction, and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry as the pretreatment and analysis methods. The results showed that the total concentrations of the ten PhACs in the dissolved phase and colloidal phase ranged from 27.

[Determination of Bioactive Components in Paeonia lactiflora Roots Cultivated in Various Areas by UHPLC].

Objective: To assess the quality of Paeonia lactiflora roots by the multi-bioactive chemical markers.

Methods: Total of66 Paeonia lactiflora roots samples were collected from Sichuan,Zhejiang and Anhui. An UHPLC-DAD technique was employed to quantify the contents of paeoniflorin,hydroypaeoniflorin,abiflorin,pentagalloyglucose,benzoypaeoni-florin,paeonol,gallic and catechin in these samples.

[Assay of Tetramethylpyrazine in Szechwan Lovage Rhizome and Cnidium Rhizome by HPLC-DAD-MS].

Objective: To quantity the amount of tetramethylpyrazine in Szechwan Lovage Rhizome (Chuanxiong, the rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort., CX) and Cnidium Rhizome(Japanese Chuanxiong, the rhizome of Cnidium officinale Makino, JCX) for quality assessment.

Methods: An HPLC-DAD-MS technique was employed to detect tetramethylpyrazine in 27 CX and 10 JCX samples.

[Analysis of different parts and tissues of Panax Notoginseng by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy].

The techniques of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were applied to analyze the different parts and tissues of Panax Notoginseng (Sanqi, SQ), i.e. rhizome, main root, rootlet, fibrous root, xylem, cambium, phloem and epidermis.

Effects of selected metal oxide nanoparticles on multiple biomarkers in Carassius auratus.

Objective: To study the biological effects of nanoscale copper oxide (nCuO), zinc oxide (nZnO), cerium dioxide (nCeO2) and their mixtures on Carassius auratus.

Methods: Juvenile fish (Carassius auratus) were exposed to aqueous suspensions of nCuO, nZnO, and nCeO2 (alone and in mixtures) at concentrations of 20, 40, 80, 160, and 320 mg/L. The biomarkers-acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in brain, sodium/potassium-activated ATPase (Na+/K+-ATPase) in gill, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in liver-were determined after 4 days of exposure.

[Chemical change of chuanxiong raw materials during storage].

Objective: To evaluate the chemical changes in Chuanxiong raw material (CX), the rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort., during CX storage and further assess its quality variety.

Methods: Four CX samples were sealed and stored at ambient temperature in room for two years.

Single and combined effects of estrone and 17β-estradiol on male goldfish.

Objective: To assess the single and combined effects of estrone (E1) and 17β-estradiol (E2) on goldfish (Carassius auratus).

Methods: Batch tests were conducted. Serum levels of vitellogenin (VTG) and E2, gonadosomatic indices (GSI), gonadal DNA damage and liver 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity were measured after exposure for 14 days.

The peripheral messenger RNA expression of glycogen synthase kinase-3β genes in Alzheimer's disease patients: a preliminary study.

Objective: To explore the peripheral leucocytic messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) gene in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients.

Methods: Using TaqMan relative quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, we analyzed leucocytic gene expression of GSK-3β in 48 AD patients and 49 healthy controls. Clinical data of AD patients were also collected.

Bioactivity-guided fractionation of the volatile oil of Angelica sinensis radix designed to preserve the synergistic effects of the mixture followed by identification of the active principles.

In natural product research, it is a common experience that fractionation of biologically-active crude extracts can lead to the loss of their original activity. This is attributed to synergistic effects, where two or more components are required to be present together for full activity of the sample. Our previous study showed that a volatile oil of Angelica sinensis radix (VOAS) inhibited endothelial cell proliferation in culture.

Effect of electro-acupuncture intervention on cognition attention bias in heroin addiction abstinence-a dot-probe-based event-related potential study.

Objective: To study the changes of cognitive attention-related brain function in the heroin addicts before and after electro-acupuncture (EA) intervention for exploring the concerned neuro-mechanism of addictive relapse and the central action role of EA intervention.

Methods: Adopting event-related potential (ERP) technique, the ERP at 64 electrode spots in 10 heroin addicts (test group) were recorded before and after EA intervention with dot-probe experimental form during implementing cognitive task on positive emotional clue (PEC), negative emotional clues (NEC), and heroin-related clue (HRC). The P200 amplitude components on the selected observation points (Fz, Cz, and Pz) were analyzed and compared with those obtained from 10 healthy subjects as the control.

[Effects of the effluent from a wastewater treatment plant in early life stage on development and growth of goldfish (Carassias auratus)].

The present study was conducted to assess the effects of effluent from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) on goldfish in early life stage. Fertilized eggs of the goldfish were exposed to a serial of graded concentrations of the effluent for 30 d. The hatching and survival rates of goldfish were decreased and the freaky rate was elevated with increased effluent concentrations.

[Quantitative structure-activity relationships of joint toxicity of 3, 4-dichloroaniline and substituted aromatics].

Acute toxicity of substituted aromatic hydrocarbons and their mixtures to river bacteria was determined by the bacterial growth inhibition test. The median inhibition concentration IC50 values for 17 single compounds and IC50mix values for 22 mixtures were obtained. The joint toxic effects of mixtures were estimated by using toxic unit and mixture toxicity index method, the mixtures of 3,4-dichloroaniline and anilines mainly exhibited simple addition or partial addition effects, whereas the mixtures of 3,4-dichloroaniline and phenols showed synergism effects.

Biodegradation of complex bacteria on phenolic derivatives in river water.

Objective: To isolate, incubate, and identify 4-chlorophenol-degrading complex bacteria, determine the tolerance of these bacteria to phenolic derivatives and study their synergetic metabolism as well as the aboriginal micrpbes and co-metabolic degradation of mixed chlorophenols in river water.

Methods: Microbial community of complex bacteria was identified by plate culture observation techniques and Gram stain method. Bacterial growth inhibition test was used to determine the tolerance of complex bacteria to toxicants.

Improved chromatographic fingerprints for facile differentiation of two Ganoderma spp.

This paper addresses a comprehensive and comparative study of six phytochemical extraction methods for triterpenes from the fruiting body of Ganoderma spp. Quantitative analysis of extracts was performed by HPLC with photodiode array detection. In general, pressurized liquid extraction and microwave-assisted extraction under optimized conditions produce better yields, and the former also significantly reduces the total time of extraction and manipulation of a sample, as well as the amount of solvent used in comparison with conventional soxhlet, reflux, ultrasonic, and methanol-CO(2) supercritical fluid extractions.

Prediction of toxicity of phenols and anilines to algae by quantitative structure-activity relationship.

Objective: To measure the toxicity of phenol, aniline, and their derivatives to algae and to assess, model, and predict the toxicity using quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) method.

Methods: Oxygen production was used as the response endpoint for assessing the toxic effects of chemicals on algal photosynthesis. The energy of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (E(LUMO)) and the energy of the highest occupied molecular orbital (E(HOMO)) were obtained from the ChemOffice 2004 program using the quantum chemical method MOPAC, and the frontier orbital energy gap (deltaE) was obtained.

Optimization and validation of a chromatographic method for the simultaneous quantification of six bioactive compounds in Rhizoma et Radix Polygoni Cuspidati.

A reverse-phase HPLC method was developed for simultaneous quantification of six bioactive compounds in Rhizoma et Radix Polygoni Cuspidati. These compounds--polydatin (1), resveratrol (2), rhein (3), emodin (4), chrysophanol (5) and physcion (6)--were analysed from 24 authentic samples of the herb using UV HPLC. Based on the UV absorption characteristics of the six compounds, absorption wavelengths of 306 nm were chosen to quantify compounds 1 and 2, and 290 nm for compounds 3-6.

Biodegradability of chlorinated anilines in waters.

Objective: To identify the bacteria tolerating chlorinated anilines and to study the biodegradability of o-chloroaniline and its coexistent compounds.

Methods: Microbial community of complex bacteria was identified by plate culture observation techniques and Gram stain method. Bacterial growth inhibition test was used to determine t he tolerance of complex bacteria to toxicant.