Urothelial carcinoma of the renal pelvis with squamous and sarcomatoid differentiation complicated by hydronephrosis and pyelonephritis: a case report and literature review.

Background: Renal pelvic urothelial carcinoma with multiple histological variants co-occurs with hydronephrosis and pyelonephritis extremely rarely. The diagnosis of renal pelvic urothelial carcinoma can be complicated by these conditions, leading to delayed or missed diagnosis or misdiagnosis.

Case Presentation: We report the evolutionary course of a rare case of renal pelvic urothelial carcinoma containing squamous and sarcomatoid differentiation associated with hydronephrosis and pyelonephritis in a low-functioning kidney.

[Testosterone replacement therapy improves metabolic indexes of the patients with hypogonadism: A meta-analysis].

Objective: To systematically evaluate the effect of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) on metabolic indexes in patients with hypogonadism.

Methods: We searched the databases of CNKI, CBM, Wanfang Data, VIP, PubMed, Medline, Embase and Cochrane Library from the establishment to May 2021 for clinical randomized controlled trials (RCT) on the improvement of metabolic indexes of the patients with hypogonadism treated by TRT. According to the inclusion and excretion criteria, we screened the literature, extracted the data and evaluated the quality of the included RCTs, followed by statistical analysis with the STATA15.

[Transurethral holmium laser enucleation of the prostate combined with Jisheng Shenqi Decoction for benign prostatic hyperplasia].

Objective: To assess the clinical effects of transurethral holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) combined with Jisheng Shenqi Decoction (HoLEP + JSSD) on BPH.

Methods: This study included 110 BPH patients treated in our hospital from August 2017 to April 2018, who were randomly assigned to receive HoLEP (n = 55) or HoLEP + JSSD (n = 55). We compared the pre- and post-operative IPSS, quality of life (QOL) score, prostate volume, postvoid residual urine volume (PVR), maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), average urinary flow rate (Qavg) and levels of serum T, E2 and T/E2 as well as postoperative complications between the two groups of patients.

[Combined use of TUVP and TURP for prostate cancer with bladder outlet obstruction].

Objective: To investigate a new surgical method for the treatment of prostate cancer with bladder outlet obstruction.

Methods: Forty-seven patients with prostate cancer complicated with bladder outlet obstruction were treated by combined use of transurethral electrovaporization ablation of the prostate (TUVP) and transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).

Results: The operations were successful, with satisfactory results and no serious complication.

[Combined use of TUVP and TURP for treating BPH (report of 179 cases)].

Objective: To investigate a new operation method for the treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia(BPH).

Methods: One hundred and seventy-nine patients with BPH were treated by the combined use of transurethral electrovaporization ablation of the prostate(TUVP) and transurethral resection of the prostate(TURP).

Results: The procedure was successful and the results were satisfactory, with little bleeding and no serious complication.