Double transformation of the nonlinear absorption in silver nanoparticles.

The nonlinear absorption of 40 nm Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs) was investigated using open aperture (OA) Z-scan technique at 532 nm. Experiments show that the nonlinear absorption behavior of Ag NPs is intensity dependent. Specifically, under low laser energy the Ag NPs shows saturable absorption (SA).

CIP2A deficiency promotes depression-like behaviors in mice through inhibition of dendritic arborization.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a severe mental illness. Decreased brain plasticity and dendritic fields have been consistently found in MDD patients and animal models; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be clarified. Here, we demonstrate that the deletion of cancerous inhibitor of PP2A (CIP2A), an endogenous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), leads to depression-like behaviors in mice.

One-pot synthesis of robust dendritic sulfur quantum dots for two-photon fluorescence imaging and "off-on" detection of hydroxyl radicals and ascorbic acid.

The straightforward preparation of fluorescent sulfur quantum dots (SQDs) with good photostability and biocompatibility and multifunction remains a challenge. Herein, a simple method to improve the performance of SQDs is reported, that is, using hyperbranched polyglycerol (HPG) as a ligand to direct the synthesis of dendritic HPG-SQD nanocomposites from cheap elemental sulfur. Thanks to the protection of HPG, the HPG-SQDs show much better biocompatibility and photostability as compared with the widely reported polyethylene glycol (PEG) ligand-capped SQDs (PEG-SQDs).

Indoor optical fiber eavesdropping approach and its avoidance.

The optical fiber network has become a worldwide infrastructure. In addition to the basic functions in telecommunication, its sensing ability has attracted more and more attention. In this paper, we discuss the risk of household fiber being used for eavesdropping and demonstrate its performance in the lab.

Upper limit of gamut volumes in multi-primary display systems.

Based on the difference between multi-primary displays (MPDs) and three-primary displays, we propose a new definition for evaluating the color gamut volume (CGV) to explore the upper limit of MPDs, which could theoretically represent all colors that MPDs can display. The proposed definition corrects the defects in the L*a*b* color space that arise when calculating the CGV of MPDs. In view of the high computational complexity of this method, we propose a simplified scheme with a small margin of error.

Evaluation of gamut enhancement in yellow regions and a choice of optimal wavelength for a RGBY four-primary laser display system.

To improve the color rendering ability in yellow color regions, the inclusion of yellow among the primary colors is commonly proposed. In this study, an algorithm for evaluating gamut enhancement in yellow regions is developed. The performance of different wavelength sets of RGBY four-primary system is studied theoretically in terms of various aspects, including the color gamut volume, gamut coverages, and gamut enhancement ratio in yellow regions.

Ultra-efficient diamond plasmonic band-stop filter with enhanced effect.

In this paper, a band-stop filter based on a surface plasmon polariton metal-insulator-metal is designed and studied. The relationship between wavelength and filter transmittance is simulated using the finite difference time domain method and coupled mode theory. Compared with a single-diamond resonator, the minimum transmittances of the double-diamond resonator and double-rectangular resonator at a fixed wavelength are increased by 11.

Anatomical segmentectomy under uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for early staged non-small cell lung cancer: a case report.

Background: Anatomical segmentectomy has become more and more universal in thoracic surgery because of the increasing detection of pulmonary nodules with ground-glass opacity (GGO), most of which proved early staged non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) postoperative. With the advantage of preservation of normal lung tissues, segmentectomy may be performed by surgeons when computed tomography (CT) scan shows pure GGO or multiple GGOs appearing. Especially when the patients with poor cardiopulmonary function or severe comorbidities or in the circumstance of bilateral pulmonary GGOs, segmentectomy can provide opportunities to radically resect all lesions.

Color-speckle assessment in multi-primary laser-projection systems based on a 3D Jab color space.

We propose and demonstrate a color-speckle assessment method based on a three-dimensional Jab color space, which is appropriate for both three-primary and multi-primary systems. In the proposed scheme, new physical quantities are defined to describe the color-speckle characteristics, which provides a general and intuitive color-speckle evaluation for different laser projectors. Experimental verification is also performed using three-primary and six-primary laser projectors.

Targeting epigenetics as a promising therapeutic strategy for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.

Nowadays, epigenetics is of great research value as a new gateway that can solve the sophisticated mysteries behind neurodegenerative diseases. Epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, various post-translational modifications of histones, chromatin remodeling enzymes, and long non-coding RNAs, are robust modulators of gene expression levels. Over the past years, epigenetic processes have emerged as important factors in many neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, and Huntington's disease.

An Infrared Ultra-Broadband Absorber Based on MIM Structure.

We designed an infrared ultra-broadband metal-insulator-metal (MIM)-based absorber which is composed of a top layer with four different chromium (Cr) nano-rings, an intermediate media of aluminum trioxide (AlO), and a bottom layer of tungsten (W). By using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD), the absorption performance of the absorber was studied theoretically. The results indicate that the average absorption of the absorber can reach 94.

Concentrations, Speciation, and Potential Release of Hazardous Heavy Metals from the Solid Combustion Residues of Coal-Fired Power Plants.

Hazardous heavy metal-laden coal combustion byproducts exposed to precipitation or surface/groundwater are of environmental concern. This study analyzed fly ash (FA) and desulfurization gypsum (FGD gypsum) samples obtained from 16 coal-fired power plants in Guizhou Province, China. A combination of field and laboratory studies was used to investigate the binding forms of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and chromium (Cr) and their leaching characteristics under natural storage conditions.

Metabolomic Analysis of the Gill under Acute Hypoxic Stress.

has relatively small gills and gill pores. Consequently, a relatively low respiratory capacity. This fish is thus easily negatively affected by the low levels of dissolved oxygen (DO) that are common in high-intensity aquaculture.

Epicenter localization using forward-transmission laser interferometry.

Widely distributed optical fibers, together with phase-sensitive laser interferometry, can expand seismic detection methods and have great potential for epicenter localization. In this paper, we propose an integral response method based on a forward transmission scheme. It uses spectrum analysis and parameter fitting to localize the epicenter.

Adipose Tissue Plasticity in Aging.

As a dynamic endocrine organ, white adipose tissue (WAT) stores lipids and plays a critical role in maintaining whole-body energy homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. A large group of the population over 65 years old suffer from increased WAT mass, especially in the visceral location. Visceral adiposity accelerates aging through promoting age-associated chronic conditions, significantly shortening life expectancy.

Elevated plasma D-dimer levels are associated with the poor prognosis of critically ill children.

Background: D-dimer has been shown as a valuable predictor for the prognosis of sepsis. But the prognostic association of an elevated D-dimer with adverse outcomes of all critical illnesses in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) has received far less emphasis.

Methods: This was a single-center retrospective study, including 7,648 critical patients aged between 28 days and 18 years from the pediatric intensive care (PIC) database from 2010 to 2018.

Co-targeting of HDAC, PI3K, and Bcl-2 results in metabolic and transcriptional reprogramming and decreased mitochondrial function in acute myeloid leukemia.

Despite the recently approved new therapies, the clinical outcomes of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients remain disappointing, highlighting the need for novel therapies. Our lab has previously demonstrated the promising outlook for CUDC-907, a dual inhibitor of PI3K and HDAC, in combination with venetoclax (VEN), against AML both in vitro and in vivo at least partially through suppression of c-Myc. In this study, we further elucidated the mechanism of action of the combination in preclinical models of AML.

PuWRKY31 affects ethylene production in response to sucrose signal in pear fruit.

The ripening of climacteric fruits is mainly controlled by the plant hormone ethylene. The regulatory effect of sucrose on ethylene biosynthesis in fruits remains unclear. Here we examined ethylene production in two Ussurian pear () varieties, 'Nanguo' (NG) pear and its bud sport variety (BNG), which has a higher sucrose content.

Recent advances of β-catenin small molecule inhibitors for cancer therapy: Current development and future perspectives.

The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is involved in many cellular physiological processes, including embryonic development, cell proliferation and differentiation, tissue homeostasis and regeneration, etc. Aberrant activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling is one of the most typical features in the development and progression of cancer. Abnormal accumulation of β-catenin, a core component of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, is one of the main factors leading to abnormal activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Sequential treatment of severe pneumonia with respiratory failure and its influence on respiratory mechanical parameters and hemodynamics.

Background: The pathophysiological characteristics of severe pneumonia complicated by respiratory failure comprise pulmonary parenchymal changes leading to ventilation imbalance, alveolar capillary injury, pulmonary edema, refractory hypoxemia, and reduced lung compliance. Prolonged hypoxia can cause acid-base balance disorder, peripheral circulatory failure, blood-pressure reduction, arrhythmia, and other adverse consequences.

Aim: To investigate sequential mechanical ventilation's effect on severe pneumonia complicated by respiratory failure.

Endothelial cell protein C receptor regulates neutrophil extracellular trap-mediated rheumatoid arthritis disease progression.

Endothelial cell protein C receptor (EPCR) is a 46 kDa transmembrane protein receptor, expressed in most immune cells (T cells, monocytes, dendritic cells, polymorphonuclear neutrophils [PMN]). EPCR reportedly plays a vital role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Our results confirmed that EPCR expression exists in the PMN of RA patients, and animal experiments demonstrated that down-regulation of EPCR expression affects disease progression in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice.

Inhibition of Mcl-1 Synergistically Enhances the Antileukemic Activity of Gilteritinib and MRX-2843 in Preclinical Models of -Mutated Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

()-internal tandem duplication (-ITD) mutations occur in about 25% of all acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients and confer a poor prognosis. FLT3 inhibitors have been developed to treat patients with -mutated AML and have shown promise, though the acquisition of resistance occurs, highlighting the need for combination therapies to prolong the response to FLT3 inhibitors. In this study, we investigated the selective Mcl-1 inhibitor AZD5991 in combination with the FLT3 inhibitors gilteritinib and MRX-2843.

BMS-986158, a Small Molecule Inhibitor of the Bromodomain and Extraterminal Domain Proteins, in Patients with Selected Advanced Solid Tumors: Results from a Phase 1/2a Trial.

This phase 1/2a, open-label study (NCT02419417) evaluated the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), and pharmacodynamics of BMS-986158, a selective bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) inhibitor. Dose escalation was performed with 3 BMS-986158 dosing schedules: A (5 days on, 2 days off; range, 0.75-4.

TMEM92 acts as an immune-resistance and prognostic marker in pancreatic cancer from the perspective of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine.

Background: Pancreatic cancer presents extremely poor prognosis due to the difficulty of early diagnosis, low resection rate, and high rates of recurrence and metastasis. Immune checkpoint blockades have been widely used in many cancer types but showed limited efficacy in pancreatic cancer. The current study aimed to evaluate the landscape of tumor microenvironment (TME) of pancreatic cancer and identify the potential markers of prognosis and immunotherapy efficacy which might contribute to improve the targeted therapy strategy and efficacy in pancreatic cancer in the context of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM).

Ultrathin Niobate Nanosheet Assembly with Au NPs and CdS QDs as a Highly Efficient Photocatalyst.

Niobate nanosheets have aroused widespread interest in recent years for their prospects in catalysis. The exploration of 2D niobate catalysis with stable and efficient properties is still the focus in chemistry and materials science. Herein, the successful fabrication of 2D CdS/Au/HNb O catalyst is demonstrated which revealed efficient photocatalytic properties in H evolution, oxidative self-coupling of amines to imines, and degradation of dyes.