Crucial role of subsurface ocean variability in tropical cyclone genesis.

The upper ocean provides thermal energy to tropical cyclones. However, the impacts of the subsurface ocean on tropical cyclogenesis have been largely overlooked. Here, we show that the subsurface variabilities associated with the variation in the 26 °C isothermal depth have pronounced impacts on tropical cyclogenesis over global oceans.

Integrated metabolomics and mass spectrometry imaging analysis reveal the efficacy and mechanism of Huangkui capsule on type 2 diabetic nephropathy.

Background: Huangkui capsule (HKC), a Chinese patent medicine, is clinically used for treating diabetic nephropathy. However, the core disease-specific biomarkers and targets of type 2 diabetic nephropathy (T2DN) and the therapeutic mechanism of HKC are not fully elucidated.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects and underlying molecular mechanisms of HKC for T2DN.

Supercritical CO-Stable Cementing Materials Based on Vinyl Ester Resin for Maintaining Wellbore Integrity.

Ensuring long-term wellbore integrity is critical for carbon dioxide geological storage. Ordinary Portland cement (PC) is usually used for wellbore primary cementing and plug operation, and set cement is easily corroded by acidic fluids, such as carbon dioxide, in underground high-temperature and high-pressure (HTHP) environments, resulting in a decrease in the mechanical properties and an increase in permeability. In order to achieve long-term wellbore integrity in a CO-rich environment This study introduces materials such as thermosetting vinyl ester resin (TSR), filler composite resin (FCR), and low-cost resin cement (RC).

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of High-Pressure Die-Casting Mg-Al-RE Alloys with Minor Ca Addition.

With the increasing demand for magnesium (Mg) alloys with high strength and good ductility, this study explores high-pressure die-cast (HPDC) Mg-6Al-2RE (AE62), Mg-8Al-2RE (AE82) and Mg-8Al-2RE-0.2Ca (AEX820) alloys (wt. %).

Validation of Analytical Performance and Diagnostic Effectiveness of Anti-CCP Antibody Based on the Light-Initiated Chemiluminescence Assay.

Objective: To evaluate the analytical and diagnostic performance of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibody measured by the light-initiated chemiluminescence assay (LICA).

Methods: A total of 193 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 211 controls were included. Serum anti-CCP levels were assessed by LICA and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELSIA).

Identification of a metabolic-immune signature associated with prognosis in colon cancer and exploration of potential predictive efficacy of immunotherapy response.

The role of metabolic reprogramming of the tumor immune microenvironment in cancer development and immune escape has increasingly attracted attention. However, the predictive value of differences in metabolism-immune microenvironment on the prognosis of colon cancer (CC) and the response to immunotherapy have not been elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in metabolism and immune profile of CC and to identify a reliable signature for predicting prognosis and therapeutic response.

[Relationship between knee meniscus and posterior tibial slope in healthy adults and patients with anteromedial osteoarthritis in Heilongjiang province].

Objective: To measure and analyze the relationships among the posterior tibial slope (PTS), meniscal slope (MS), and meniscus posterior horn thickness (MPHT) of the medial and lateral tibial plateau in healthy people and patients with anteromedial osteoarthritis (AMOA) in Heilongjiang province, so as to provide reference basis for appropriate tibial osteotomy and prosthesis placement angles in knee joint surgeries.

Methods: A retrospective collection of imaging data from knee joint MRI examinations conducted prior to AMOA for various reasons was performed. A total of 103 healthy individuals (healthy group) and 30 AMOA patients (AMOA group) were included.

Classifying Race in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest and Potential Disparities: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Although racial disparities have been described in resuscitation, little is known about potential bias in race classification of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adults treated by emergency medical services (EMS) for nontraumatic OHCA in King County, WA between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2021. We assessed agreement using κ and evaluated patterns of missingness between EMS-assessed race versus comprehensive race classification from hospital and death records.

Critical Mentorship in Undergraduate Research Experience BUILDs Science Identity and Self-Efficacy.

In 2014, the NIH Diversity Program Consortium (DPC) launched an initiative to implement and evaluate novel interventions at a variety of academic institutions across the country to engage undergraduate students from diverse backgrounds in biomedically-related research. The local intervention examined in the current study provides Critical Race Theory (CRT)-informed mentoring, more broadly called critical mentoring, for its participants. We examined the relationship between critical mentoring and student outcomes.

CRISPR-Cas9-mediated editing of gene improves tolerance to drought stress in maize.

Maize ( L.) is a widely grown food crop around the world. Drought stress seriously affects the growth and development process of plants and causes serious damage to maize yield.

The oral microbiota: new insight into intracranial aneurysms.

Background: Intracranial aneurysms (IAs) are a significant clinical concern, with detection rates increasing due to advances in imaging technologies. However, precise mechanisms underlying their pathophysiology remain incompletely understood. Recent evidence suggests a pivotal role of oral microbiota dysbiosis, particularly periodontal pathogens, in systemic inflammation that may contribute to IA development and rupture.

Bioactive secondary metabolites from GIZ45-A37 and their anti-inflammatory activity.

As part of our plan to discover new bioactive ingredients from entomophagous fungi, a new macrolide compound, talarolide (1), and a new bioactive natural product, talarenal (2), with two known compounds, WF-3681 methy ester (3) and aspergillumarin A (4) were isolated from an insect derived strain GIZ45-A37. The structures were determined based on extensive comprehensive spectroscopic (NMR and HR-ESI-MS) analyses and compared with literature values. The relative configuration of 1 was defined by DFT-NMR chemical shift calculations and subsequent DP4/DP4+ probability methods.

Macrocyclic Diterpenoids from Possessing Activity Towards Autophagic Flux.

Euphjatrophanes H-L (-), four new jatrophane-type and one new lathyrane-type diterpenoid, were isolated from , along with eight known diterpenoids (-). Their structures were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis and X-ray crystallographic experiments. All compounds were subjected to bioactivity evaluation using flow cytometry in autophagic flux assays with HM mCherry-GFP-LC3 cells, the human microglia cells which stably expressed the tandem monomeric mCherry-GFP-tagged LC3.

[The application of full-thickness advancement flap of upper abdominal wall in breast-conserving surgery for lower quadrant breast cancer].

To explore the application of full-thickness advancement flap of upper abdominal wall in breast-conserving surgery for lower quadrant breast cancer. This is a retrospective case series study. The clinic data of 25 lower quadrant breast cancer patients who underwent a breast-conserving surgery with advancement flap of full-thickness of upper abdominal wall at the Breast Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, from June 2022 to September 2023 were analyzed retrospectively.

miR166e/ZmATHB14 module contributes to drought tolerance in maize root.

MicroRNAs significantly influence abiotic stress responses. A species-conserved miRNA implicated in the response to abiotic stress is maize miR166. Therefore, it is unknown whether miR166e plays a role in maize roots' reaction to drought stress.

Safety and efficacy of staged coiling followed by flow diverter in the treatment of ruptured intracranial aneurysms.

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of staged coiling followed by flow diverter (FD) in the treatment of ruptured intracranial aneurysms(RIAs). A retrospective analysis was conducted on 20 patients with RIAs treated with staged coiling followed by FD at a single center, between April 2015 and September 2024. Patient demographics, aneurysm characteristics, clinical and imaging outcomes were reviewed.

Genetic Commonalities Between Metabolic Syndrome and Rheumatic Diseases Through Disease Interactome Modules.

This study aims to elucidate the potential genetic commonalities between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and rheumatic diseases through a disease interactome network, according to publicly available large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The analysis included linkage disequilibrium score regression analysis, cross trait meta-analysis and colocalisation analysis to identify common genetic overlap. Using modular partitioning, the network-based association between the two disease proteins in the protein-protein interaction set was divided and quantified.

Unveiling the molecular mechanisms of recurrent miscarriage through endoplasmic reticulum stress related gene expression.

Recurrent miscarriage (RM) is a reproductive disorder affecting couples worldwide. The underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive, even though emerging evidence has implicated endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). We investigated RM- and ERS-related genes to develop a diagnostic model that can enhance predictive ability.

Development of a Colloidal Gold Immunochromatographic Assay Strip Using a Monoclonal Antibody for the Rapid Detection of Ofloxacin.

The livestock industry uses ofloxacin, an antibiotic, to prevent several animal diseases; however, the overdose of ofloxacin used in animal farming treatments may appear in food products and cause some adverse human health effects. Hence, there is an immediate need to develop a method suitable for on site large-scale detection of ofloxacin residues in animal-derived foods. This study aimed to prepare a monoclonal antibody with high sensitivity and affinity for ofloxacin by re-synthesizing the ofloxacin hapten and synthesizing the corresponding complete antigen.

Preparation and Characterization of Calcium-Chelated Sea Cucumber Ovum Hydrolysate and the Inhibitory Effect on α-Amylase.

α-amylase can effectively inhibit the activity of digestive enzymes and alter nutrient absorption. The impact of ovum hydrolysates of sea cucumbers on α-amylase activity was investigated in this study. The protein hydrolysates generated using different proteases (pepsin, trypsin, and neutral protease) and molecular weights (less than 3000 and more than 3000) were investigated.

Multifractal dynamic changes of spontaneous brain activity in psychiatric disorders: Adult attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia.

It is one of the strategies to study the complexity of spontaneous fluctuation of brain neurons based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI), but the multifractal characteristics of spontaneous fluctuation of brain neurons in psychiatric diseases need to be studied. Therefore, this paper will study the multifractal spontaneous brain activity changes in psychiatric disorders using the multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis algorithm based on the UCLA datasets. Specifically: (1) multifractal characteristics in adult attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), bipolar disorder (BP), and schizophrenia (SCHZ); (2) the source of those multifractal characteristics.

Metabolomic and metagenomic analyses elucidate the role of intercropping in mitigating continuous cropping challenges in tobacco.

Introduction: Crop rotation of tobacco with other crops could effectively break the negative impact of continuous tobacco cropping, but the mechanisms of intercropping system effects on tobacco, especially on the rhizosphere, are not clear.

Methods: In this study, we investigated the impact of intercropping system on the diversity and function of tobacco metabolites and microorganisms through metabolomic and metagenomic analyses of the tobacco rhizosphere microenvironment intercropped with maize and soybean.

Results: The results showed that the contents of huperzine b, chlorobenzene, and P-chlorophenylalanine in tobacco rhizosphere soils differed significantly among soybean-tobacco and maize-tobacco intercropping system.

Knockdown of HOXD13 in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Inhibited its Proliferation, Migration, and Influenced Fatty Acid Metabolism.

HOXD13, a member of the homeobox gene family, plays a critical role in developmental processes and has been implicated in various malignancies, including pancreatic cancer and glioma. However, its role in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains poorly understood. This study aimed to elucidate the potential of HOXD13 as a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for OSCC.

The South China Sea Mooring Array and its applications in exploring oceanic multiscale dynamics.

The South China Sea (SCS) is abundant with complex multiscale dynamic processes but their spatiotemporal variations, generation and evolution mechanisms, and mutual interactions remain inadequately understood due to the lack of long-term in situ observations. To explore oceanic multiscale dynamics in the SCS, the SCS Mooring Array (SCSMA) was began to be constructed since 2009. The SCSMA consists of ∼40 moorings and is the largest in situ ocean observing system in marginal seas worldwide.