Payment model impact on the resilience of rural communities: Exploratory study.

Objective: To explore rural physician perspectives on how remuneration impacted their experiences of contributing to community resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design: Exploratory, qualitative subanalysis.

Setting: Twenty-two rural communities in 4 Canadian provinces.

Rural physician-community engagement: Building, supporting and maintaining resilient health care strategies in three rural Canadian communities.

Objective: To explore rural physician-community engagement through three case studies in order to understand the role that these relationships can play in increasing community-level resilience to climate change and ecosystem disruption.

Design: Qualitative secondary case study analysis.

Setting: Three Canadian rural communities (BC n = 2, Ontario n = 1).

Lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic: The importance of physician leadership in responding to rural community ecosystem disruptions.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic presented an unprecedented challenge for rural family physicians. The lessons learned over the course of 2 years have potential to help guide responses to future ecosystem disruption. This qualitative study aims to explore the leadership experiences of rural Canadian family physicians during the COVID-19 pandemic as both local care providers and community health leaders and to identify potential supports and barriers to physician leadership.

Hemispheric engagement during the processing of affective adjectives-an ERP divided visual field study.

The study looked into the hemispheres' involvement in emotional word encoding. It combined brain activity measures (ERPs) with behavioural data during the affective categorization task in the divided visual field presentation paradigm. Forty healthy right-handed student volunteers took part in the study, in which they viewed and evaluated 33 positive and 33 negative emotional adjectives presented to either the left or right visual field.

Feasibility issues impacting optimal levels of maternity care in rural communities: implementing the Rural Birth Index in British Columbia.

Introduction: The continued attrition of maternity services across rural communities in high resource countries demands a rigorous, systematic approach to determining population level need, including a clear understanding of feasibility issues that may constrain achieving and sustaining recommended levels of services. The Rural Birth Index (RBI) proposes a robust and objective methodology to determine such need along with attention to the feasibility of implementation.

Background: Predictions of appropriate levels of maternity care in rural communities require consideration of the feasibility of implementation.

The Words of Affectivity. Affect, Category, and Social Evaluation Norms for 400 Polish Adjectives.

Emotional adjectives can be grouped into two main categories: denoting and connoting stable (personality) traits and denoting and connoting transient (mood) states. They relate closely to the concept of affectivity, which is a pervasive tendency to experience moods of positive or negative valence. They constitute a rich study material for personality and affect psychology and neuroscience.

The Role of Emoticons in the Comprehension of Emotional and Non-emotional Messages in Dyslexic Youth - A Preliminary Study.

The study explored how well-dyslexic youth deals with written messages in an environment simulating popular social network communication system. The messaging systems, present more and more in pandemic and post-pandemic online world, are rich in nonverbal aspects of communicating, namely, the emoticons. The pertinent question was whether the presence of emoticons in written messages of emotional and non-emotional content changes the comprehension of the messages.

What makes a healthy rural community?

Introduction: Health outcomes in rural populations are known to be generally worse than in urban populations but there are some exceptions to this trend. Most research evaluating these disparities has focused on rural communities with poor health outcomes. The current study set out to explore the factors that make some rural communities healthier than others.

Standardised early warning scores in rural interfacility transfers: A pilot study into their potential as a decision-making aid.

Introduction: While 12.4% of British Columbians live rurally, only 2.0% of specialists practise rurally, making interfacility transport of high-acuity patients vital.

Tight Junction barriers in human hair follicles - role of claudin-1.

Barrier function of hair follicles (HFs) is of great interest because they might be an entry port for allergens/pathogens, but could on the other hand be used for drug delivery or vaccination. Therefore we investigated tight junction (TJ) barrier function in human HFs. We show that there is a TJ barrier in the outermost living layer bordering to the environment from the infundibulum to the lower central part and between Henle's and Huxles layer of anagen HFs.

High acuity rural transport: findings from a qualitative investigation.

Introduction: The High Acuity Response Team (HART) was introduced in British Columbia (BC), Canada, to fill a gap in transport for rural patients that was previously being met by nurses and physicians leaving their communities to escort patients in need of critical care. The HART team consists of a critical care registered nurse (CCRN) and registered respiratory therapist (RRT) and attends acute care patients in rural sites by either stabilizing them in their community or transporting them. HART services are deployed in partnership with provincial ambulance services, which provide vehicles and coordination of all requests in the province for patient transport.

Exploring fetal fibronectin testing as a predictor of labour onset: In parturient women from isolated communities.

Objective: To investigate whether the fetal fibronectin assay would be useful for determining if a woman was close to a term delivery. If effective, this test would allow parturient women to stay in their communities longer.

Design: This feasibility study used a prospective cohort design to examine the negative predictive value of the fetal fibronectin test at term.

No. 282-Rural Maternity Care.

Objective: To provide an overview of current information on issues in maternity care relevant to rural populations .

Evidence: Medline was searched for articles published in English from 1995 to 2012 about rural maternity care . Relevant publications and position papers from appropriate organizations were also reviewed .

Maternity services for rural and remote Australia: barriers to operationalising national policy.

Introduction: In Australia, many small birthing units have closed in recent years, correlating with adverse outcomes including a rise in the number of babies born before arrival to hospital. Concurrently, a raft of national policy and planning documents promote continued provision of rural and remote maternity services, articulating a strategic intent for services to provide responsive, woman-centred care as close as possible to a woman's home. The aims of this paper are to contribute to an explanation of why this strategic intent is not realised, and to investigate the utility of an evidence based planning tool (the Toolkit) to assist with planning services to realise this intent.

The distribution of maternity services across rural and remote Australia: does it reflect population need?

Background: Australia has a universal health care system and a comprehensive safety net. Despite this, outcomes for Australians living in rural and remote areas are worse than those living in cities. This study will examine the current state of equity of access to birthing services for women living in small communities in rural and remote Australia from a population perspective and investigates whether services are distributed according to need.

Rural health service planning: the need for a comprehensive approach to costing.

The precipitous closure of rural maternity services in industrialized countries over the past two decades is underscored in part by assumptions of efficiencies of scale leading to cost-effectiveness. However, there is scant evidence to support this and the costing evidence that exists lacks comprehensiveness. To clearly understand the cost-effectiveness of rural services we must take the broadest societal perspective to include not only health system costs, but also those costs incurred at the family and community levels.

Early ERP modulation during mood adjectives processing in patients with affective disorders.

Attentional bias is considered a key feature in mood disorders, and yet little is known of its neural correlates within the early stream of information processing in manic and depressed patients. The study aimed to capture and detail attentional bias during emotional word processing in patients within the first 500ms of stimulus exposition. 28 mood adjectives (14 positive and 14 negative) were used as stimuli.