COVID-19-sensitive tumour response: 2-year assessment of the SARS-CoV-2 humoral response in cancer patients in oncology hospital in Poland.

Unlabelled: Vaccination has been considered the most crucial defence against viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2. Numerous reports have demonstrated the effectiveness of the above vaccines in oncological patients. It has also been proven that, apart from vaccinations and oncological therapy, the course of the cancer process itself influences the magnitude of the humoral response, especially in people after infection with SARS-CoV-2.

Adrenomedullin as a New Prosperous Biomarker in Infections: Current and Future Perspectives.

Adrenomedullin has emerged as a promising biomarker in the field of viral diseases. Numerous studies have demonstrated its potential in assessing disease severity, predicting clinical outcomes, and monitoring treatment response. Adrenomedullin (AM) is a multifaceted peptide implicated in vasodilation, hormone secretion, antimicrobial defense, cellular growth, angiogenesis, and, importantly, chronic pain.

Effects of Pegylated Interferon Alpha and Ribavirin (pegIFN-α/RBV) Therapeutic Approach on Regulatory T Cells in HCV-Monoinfected and HCV/HIV-Coinfected Patients.

Unlabelled: Approximately 25% of HIV-infected patients are co-infected with HCV. Notably, the burden of HCV infection (e.g.

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and late presentation in Poland - data from Test and Keep in Care (TAK) Polska project.

Objectives: Late presentation (LP) at HIV diagnosis is associated with worse prognosis and an increase in the number of new infections. We analyse the proportion of patients diagnosed late and factors related to LP in Poland in 2016-2017.

Methods: Data were obtained from 13 out of 17 HIV centres in Poland from 2016 and 2017, including date of diagnosis, age, sex, transmission route, anti-hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV), Venereal Diseases Research Laboratory (VDRL) antibodies, AIDS diagnosis, baseline HIV viral load and CD4 count.

Improving the evidence for indicator condition guided HIV testing in Europe: Results from the HIDES II Study - 2012 - 2015.

Background: It is cost-effective to perform an HIV test in people with specific indicator conditions (IC) with an undiagnosed HIV prevalence of at least 0.1%. Our aim was to determine the HIV prevalence for 14 different conditions across 20 European countries.

Long-term trends in HIV care entry: over 15 years of clinical experience from Poland.

Introduction: Delay in HIV diagnosis and consequently late care entry with low CD4 counts remain a major challenge for the control of the HIV/AIDS epidemic. The aim of this study was to analyse the evolution of characteristics of the HIV epidemic in Poland.

Methods: Cross-sectional data were collected for 3972 HIV-infected patients followed up in 14 of 17 Polish HIV treatment centres in the years 2000-2015.

High prevalence of anti-HEV antibodies among patients with immunosuppression and hepatic disorders in eastern Poland.

Introduction: The incidence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections in Poland is largely unknown. This study aimed to describe seroprevalence of markers of HEV infection among patients with immunodeficiency of diverse etiology and patients with advanced chronic liver diseases.

Material And Methods: Four hundred fifty patients were enrolled; among them, 180 persons were solid organ transplant recipients, 90 patients were HIV-infected and 180 persons had confirmed liver cirrhosis of different etiology.

Metabolic syndrome in HIV infected adults in Poland.

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is usually diagnosed based on the presence of abdominal obesity, elevated blood pres-sure (BP), elevated fasting plasma glucose, high serum triglycerides (TG), and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels. Whether HIV is associated with a higher prevalence of MS than in the general population remains unclear.

Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of MS in the population of HIV-infected adults and its association with clinical, virological, and biochemical features.

Uptake of tenofovir-based antiretroviral therapy among HIV-HBV-coinfected patients in the EuroSIDA study.

Background: According to guidelines all HIV-HBV-coinfected patients should receive tenofovir-based combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). We aimed to investigate uptake and outcomes of tenofovir-based cART among HIV-HBV patients in the EuroSIDA study.

Methods: All hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)+ patients followed up after 1 March 2002 were included.

[guidelines for HIV testing in Poland].

Including HIV disease in the differential diagnosis is the responsibility of the treating physician. Unfortunately, despite 35 years passed from the description of the first cases of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, AIDS testing for HIV is offered sporadically in Poland. The aim of this paper is to present the current recommendations for HIV testing.

Meeting the WHO 90% target: antiretroviral treatment efficacy in Poland is associated with baseline clinical patient characteristics.

Introduction: Modern combined antiretroviral therapies (cART) allow to effectively suppress HIV-1 viral load, with the 90% virologic success rate, meeting the WHO target in most clinical settings. The aim of this study was to analyse antiretroviral treatment efficacy in Poland and to identify variables associated with virologic suppression.

M: Cross-sectional data on 5152 (56.

Hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and cardiovascular risk in HIV-infected adults in Poland.

Background: The prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in HIV-infected patients increases with aging and duration of the disease. Hypertension, high cholesterol level obesity, diabetes, tobacco exposure, and use of alcohol are among the traditional risk factors that contribute to CVD.

Aim: The aim of the study was to determinate the incidence of hypertension, lipid disturbances, and CVD risk in dependence on clinical, viral, and biochemical factors.

Prevention of pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) accounts for 95% of all pancreatic cancers. About 230,000 PDA cases are diagnosed worldwide each year. PDA has the lowest five-year survival rate as compared to others cancers.

Expanding HIV-1 subtype B transmission networks among men who have sex with men in Poland.

Introduction: Reconstruction of HIV transmission links allows to trace the spread and dynamics of infection and guide epidemiological interventions. The aim of this study was to characterize transmission networks among subtype B infected patients from Poland.

Material And Methods: Maximum likelihood phylogenenetic trees were inferred from 966 HIV-1 subtype B protease/reverse transcriptase sequences from patients followed up in nine Polish HIV centers.

Distribution and time trends of HIV-1 variants in Poland: Characteristics of non-B clades and recombinant viruses.

The spread of HIV-1 subtypes varies considerably both worldwide and within Europe, with non-B variants commonly found across various exposure groups. This study aimed to analyse the distribution and temporal trends in HIV-1 subtype variability across Poland. For analysis of the subtype distribution, 1219 partial pol sequences obtained from patients followed up in 9 of 17 Polish HIV treatment centres were used.

Auditing HIV Testing Rates across Europe: Results from the HIDES 2 Study.

European guidelines recommend the routine offer of an HIV test in patients with a number of AIDS-defining and non-AIDS conditions believed to share an association with HIV; so called indicator conditions (IC). Adherence with this guidance across Europe is not known. We audited HIV testing behaviour in patients accessing care for a number of ICs.

The Spectrum of Malignancies among Adult HIV Cohort in Poland between 1995 and 2012: A Retrospective Analysis of 288 Cases.

The Aim Of The Study: The aim of the study was to evaluate the spectrum of AIDS-defining malignancies (ADMs) and non-AIDS-defining malignancies (NADMs) in HIV-infected patients in Poland.

Material And Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted among HIV-infected adult patients who developed a malignancy between 1995 and 2012 in a Polish cohort. Malignancies were divided into ADMs and NADMs.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of HCV/HIV Co-Infection and HCV Genotype Distribution in North-Eastern Poland.

Background: HIV/HCV co-infection predisposes to accelerated liver damage and increased both liver-related and unrelated morbidity and mortality in patients with HIV infection.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of HCV infection, seropositivity, risk factors and genotype distribution among treated HIV positive patients. Furthermore, the occurrence and causes of deaths were analyzed.

Major differences in organization and availability of health care and medicines for HIV/TB coinfected patients across Europe.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate the organization and delivery of HIV and tuberculosis (TB) health care and to analyse potential differences between treatment centres in Eastern (EE) and Western Europe (WE).

Methods: Thirty-eight European HIV and TB treatment centres participating in the TB:HIV study within EuroCoord completed a survey on health care management for coinfected patients in 2013 (EE: 17 respondents; WE:21; 76% of all TB:HIV centres). Descriptive statistics were obtained for regional comparisons.

Influence of HCV and HIV on development of cryoglobulinemia.

Cryoglobulinemic syndrome refers to a systemic inflammatory process that involves small and medium-sized vessels accompanied by multi-organ damage. The aim of the present study was to determine the incidence of cryoglobulinemia among patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HCV/HIV co-infection, as well as evaluation of cryoglobulinemia type. The association was evaluated between cryoglobulinemia and clinical symptoms, selected biochemical measures of liver and kidney function, virologic measures, as well as histopathological changes in the liver.

[Microbial translocation in HIV infection].

Contemporary antiretroviral therapy has significantly improved the prognosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected individuals. However, treated individuals manifest increased mortality, compared to general population. This increased mortality seems to be associated with chronic immune activation which persist despite decrease of plasma HIV viremia levels.

Thrombocytopenia is associated with an increased risk of cancer during treated HIV disease.

Objective: To assess the relationship between platelet counts and risk of AIDS and non-AIDS-defining events.

Design: Prospective cohort.

Methods: EuroSIDA patients with at least one platelet count were followed from baseline (first platelet ≥ 1 January 2005) until last visit or death.

Time trends in HIV-1 transmitted drug resistance mutation frequency in Poland.

Introduction: In Poland, the HIV epidemic has shifted recently from being predominantly related to injection drug use (IDU) to being driven by transmissions among men-who-have-sex-with-men (MSM). The number of new HIV cases has increased in the recent years, while no current data on the transmitted drug resistance associated mutations (tDRM) frequency trend over time are available from 2010. In this study, we analyze the temporal trends in the spread of tDRM from 2008 to 2013.

Transmitted HIV drug resistance in antiretroviral-treatment-naive patients from Poland differs by transmission category and subtype.

Objectives: The surveillance of HIV-transmitted drug resistance mutations (t-DRMs), including temporal trends across subtypes and exposure groups, remains a priority in the current management of the epidemic worldwide.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of 833 treatment-naive patients from 9 of 17 Polish HIV treatment centres. Partial pol sequences were used to analyse drug resistance with a general time reversible (GTR)-based maximum likelihood algorithm used for cluster/pair identification.

Phylogeographic analysis on the travel-related introduction of HIV-1 non-B subtypes to Northern Poland.

Phylodynamic, sequence data based reconstructions for the surveillance of the geographic spatial spread are a powerful tool in molecular epidemiology. In this study region of origin for the set of 57 partial pol sequences derived from the patients the history of travel-related HIV transmission was analyzed using phylogeographic approach. Maximum likelihood trees based on the sets of country-annotated reference sequences were inferred for identified non-B variants.