Immunohistochemical detection of MnSOD in colon adenocarcinoma patients - clinical application.

Introduction: Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is one of the most frequently identified cancers of the digestive system. It is worth noting that the 5-year survival rates for patients diagnosed early are approximately 90%, whereas for patients with advanced diagnosis it is only 10%. It may indicate that metastasis is a critical cause of death for cancer patients.

Crossroad between current knowledge and new perspective of diagnostic and therapy of late-onset schizophrenia and very late-onset schizophrenia-like psychosis: An update.

Schizophrenia is a chronic, highly individualized disease with many symptoms that can occur with varying severity in different patients. Schizophrenia affects 1% of the population, but occurs in almost 20% of patients after 40 years of age. It should be noted that the next peak in the incidence of schizophrenia occurs at the age of 60 years, affects mostly females, and is closely associated with a high risk of developing memory disorders.

The prognostic activity of transforming acidic coiled-coil 3 (TACC3) immunohistochemical expression in colon adenocarcinoma patients.

Introduction: Colorectal cancer is most common in developed countries. Each year, more than one million people develop colon cancer, and nearly 70,000 people die from the disease. Although medicine has made great strides in the treatment of colorectal cancer, the prognosis of patients is still poor.

Vimentin immunoexpression and its prognostic activity in colon cancer among Caucasian patients.

Introduction: It is generally accepted that colon cancer is the most commonly diagnosed gastrointestinal cancer and a major public health problem. As revealed by studies, the clinical outcomes of patients, especially those with lymph node-positive status, are still unsatisfactory.

Aim: The current study investigated the expression of vimentin protein in colon adenocarcinoma samples from proximal and distal parts of the colon to assess its prognostic significance by correlating its immunohistochemical expression with the clinicopathological variables and survival of Caucasian patients.

Catalase immunoexpression in colorectal lesions.

Introduction: It is generally accepted that the gastrointestinal tract, and especially the colon, is constantly exposed to reactive oxygen species (ROS) that may be responsible for the appearance of genetic mutations. To keep a steady-state control over ROS production-detoxification, organisms have evolved a defensive system. Nevertheless, many reports have described decreased level of antioxidant enzymes, especially catalase (CAT), in cancer tissues.

The clinical and prognostic evaluation of GRP94 immunoexpression in Caucasian patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma.

Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is traditionally regarded as the most commonly diagnosed gastrointestinal malignant disease. Nevertheless, despite advances in diagnosis and novel therapeutic options, the clinical outcomes of patients are still unsatisfactory.

Aim: To investigate the clinicopathological and prognostic roles of GRP94 expression, the immunohistochemical investigation was performed on samples of CRC tumour tissues, adjacent non-pathological mucosa, and metastatic foci in regional lymph nodes in Caucasian patients.

Notch signalling pathway as an oncogenic factor involved in cancer development.

Notch signalling is an evolutionarily conserved signalling pathway, which plays a significant role in a wide array of cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Nevertheless, it must be noted that Notch is a binary cell fate determinant, and its overexpression has been described as oncogenic in a broad range of human malignancies. This finding led to interest in therapeutically targeting this pathway especially by the use of GSIs, which block the cleavage of Notch at the cell membrane and inhibit release of the transcriptionally active NotchIC subunit.

The role of Snail1 transcription factor in colorectal cancer progression and metastasis.

Snail1 is a zinc-finger transcription factor, which plays a role in colorectal cancer development by silencing E-cadherin expression and inducing epithelialmesenchymal transition (EMT). During EMT tumour cells acquire a mesenchymal phenotype that is responsible for their invasive activities. Consequently, Snail1 expression in colorectal cancer is usually associated with progression and metastasis.

The aberrant overexpression of vimentin is linked to a more aggressive status in tumours of the gastrointestinal tract.

Vimentin is an intermediate filament protein normally expressed in cells of mesenchymal origin, e.g. myofibroblasts, chondrocytes, macrophages, and endothelial cells.

Tissue factor and tissue factor pathway inhibitor in chronically inflamed gallbladder mucosa.

We characterised a tissue factor (TF) and tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) expression in relation to severity of inflammatory infiltration of the gallbladder mucosa in a chronic cholecystitis. We prospectively studied the gallbladder specimens obtained from 54 patients who had undergone cholecystectomy due to chronic calculous cholecystitis and 16 calculosis-free gallbladder specimens obtained from patients who underwent cholecystectomy due to the polyp/polyps as well as in cases of gallbladder injury. To assess TF and TFPI immunoreactivity by immunohistochemistry, the monoclonal anti-human TF and TFPI antibodies were used.

Protective effect of intermittent clamping of the portal triad in the rat liver on liver ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Background: Intermittent clamping (IC) of the portal triad is an effective method of protecting the liver from ischemia-reperfusion injury (IR). In clinical practice, this method is employed during a resection, but its mechanism is still not clear.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of IC on rat liver and determine its mechanisms.

[Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta): its structure, function, and role in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus].

TGF-beta is a cytokine of great importance in many common diseases because it takes part in many physiological processes such as angiogenesis and stimulation of the synthesis and degradation of extracellular matrix proteins. It also regulates the entrance of cells to the apoptotic pathway and can stimulate the division of mesenchymal cells and inhibit hemopoietic, endothelial, and lymphatic cells. There are five genes which encode TGF-beta in vertebrates, of which only three are present in mammals.

RNA and protein synthesis in different organs of rat offspring after chronic cadmium exposure during pregnancy.

Despite binding by placental metallothionein, cadmium (Cd) relatively easily enters fetal circulation and may be harmful to tissues and organs of offspring. Although Cd toxicology is relatively well described in the literature there are only few studies on Cd toxicity exerted during fetal life. We examined the influence of cadmium exposure during pregnancy on RNA and protein synthesis in different organs of the rat offspring.