Langerhans cell histiocytosis in children - a disease with many faces. Recent advances in pathogenesis, diagnostic examinations and treatment.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis is a rare clonal disease characterized by the proliferation of CD1a-positive immature dendritic cells. The purpose of this article was to present an updated review of recent advances in the pathogenesis, clinical features, imaging and treatment of this disease. The discovery of oncogenic BRAF mutations and the presence of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines confirmed the unusual characteristics of this disease.

Glomerular filtration rate and prevalence of chronic kidney disease in Wilms' tumour survivors.

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was evaluated in 32 Wilms' tumour survivors (WTs) in a cross-sectional study using 99 Tc-diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (99 Tc-DTPA) clearance, the Schwartz formula, the new Schwartz equation for chronic kidney disease (CKD), cystatin C serum concentration and the Filler formula. Kidney damage was established by beta-2-microglobulin (B-2-M) and albumin urine excretion, urine sediment and ultrasound examination. Blood pressure was measured.

Sickle cell disease and transcranial Doppler imaging: inter-hemispheric differences in blood flow Doppler parameters.

Background And Purpose: to establish reference values of interhemispheric differences and ratios of blood flow Doppler parameters in the terminal internal carotid artery, middle cerebral artery, and anterior cerebral artery in children with sickle cell anemia.

Methods: fifty-seven out of 74 recruited children (mean age, 7.8 ± 3.

The usefulness of sentinel lymph node detection in vulvar cancer - a short communication.

Background: The sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy is a solution for decreasing the extent of surgery with a significant reduction of the incidence of complications without influencing treatment results.

Material And Methods: We performed the sentinel lymph node procedure in 24 women with vulvar cancer. In 14 cases, only the blue dye technique was applied, and in 10 cases (99m)Tc-labelled nanocolloid with blue dye was administered simultaneously.

Cerebral blood flow changes in patients with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). A study of 6 cases.

Background: The aim of this study was to show the application of cerebral blood flow SPECT (rCBF SPECT) study in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB).

Material And Methods: (99m)Tc-ECD regional cerebral blood flow SPECT scanning was performed using a triple head, high resolution gamma camera on a group of six patients who ful- -filled criteria for clinical diagnosis of DLB. All patients were examined neurologically by a neurologist specialized in movement disorders.

Evaluation of sentinel node detection in vulvar cancer.

Background: In vulvar cancer, in a large portion of patients with early stages of the disease, the inguinal lymphadenectomy not only does not influence the overall survival and recurrence rate but may increase the incidence of complications. Sentinel lymph node (SN) detection is a promising technique for detecting groin lymph nodes, which may in future lead to less extensive use of surgical treatment. The aim of the study was to evaluate the feasibility of the sentinel node detection technique in patients with vulvar cancer.

Evaluation of surgical gamma probes for sentinel node localization in cervical and vulvar cancer.

Background: Sentinel node (SN) scintigraphy for cervical and vulvar cancer guides the gynaecological oncologist in finding the metastatic lymph nodes during lymphadenectomy. The role of the surgical gamma probe in the sentinel node concept in gynaecological oncology is to localise (SN) both intra-operatively and transcutaneously. Intra-operative hand-held collimated gamma probes are increasingly used for detection of the sentinel lymph node.

[Usefulness of FDG-PET for the diagnosis of brain tumors].

Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and X-ray computed tomography (CT) are the two imaging modalities used conventionally for the morphological OUN imaging, there are many cases for positron emission tomography (PET) diagnostic. Basal radiopharmaceutic used in PET is a 18F-2-Fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18FDG). Use of PET imaging provides in vivo biochemical and physiological data and therefore can provide unique functional information about tumors compared to histological or anatomic neuroradiological methods.

Lymphoscintigraphy in radical vaginal trachelectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy.

Background: Radical hysterectomy has traditionally been the treatment of choice for early invasive cervical carcinoma. Validation of the sentinel lymph node concept in gynaecology has led to less radical surgery. If preservation of fertility is an issue, then radical trachelectomy is an accepted approach.

Myocardial perfusion in women with systemic lupus erythomatosus and no symptoms of coronary artery disease.

Background: The aim of the study was to assess myocardial perfusion in women with systemic lupus erythomatosus (SLE) and no symptoms of coronary artery disease (CAD).

Material And Methods: Twenty two women with SLE of mean age 40.5 +/- 7.

[Evaluation of positron emission tomography by using F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose in diagnosis of recurrent colorectal cancer].

Unlabelled: Accurate detection of recurrent colorectal carcinoma remains a clinical challenge. 18-F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography is new imaging technique that allows direct evaluation of cellular metabolism. This method is mainly used in oncology, especially in fusion with computer tomography (FDG-PET/CT, PET/CT Fusion).

The influence of depth of marker administration on sentinel node detection in cervical cancer.

Background: Regional lymph node surgical management is an integral part of cervical cancer therapy. In gynaecological oncology, recent studies have confirmed the utility of the sentinel node concept in vulvar and cervical cancer. The method of the marker's administration is considered to play an important role in sentinel node detection.

Lung perfusion scintigraphy in the diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary stenosis in patients after repair of Fallot tetralogy.

Background: The frequency of peripheral pulmonary artery stenosis in patients after surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) ranges from 20 to 40%. This can be either primary or secondary to the surgical intervention. The influence of resulting lung perfusion alterations on the life quality of patients is difficult to predict.

Application of rhenium-188 HEDP in bone metastases therapy.

Radionuclide bone metastases therapy is a major achievement of nuclear medicine. Development of less radiotoxic and more effective radiopharmaceuticals is therefore a challenge for radiopharmacists and industry. This paper reviews the application of rhenium-188 HEDP as a reactor- or generator-produced nuclide for bone metastases therapy.

The role of sentinel node detection techniques in vulvar and cervical cancer.

The sentinel node is the first lymph node that receives the lymph drainage from the primary tumour. The pathological status of the sentinel node should reflect the histopathology of the entire regional lymph drainage area--both vulvar and cervical cancer spread through the lymphatic system. In gynaecological oncology recent studies have confirmed the utility of the sentinel node concept in vulvar and cervical cancer.

Decortication in chronic pleural empyema - effect on lung function.

Objective: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the lung function before and after the lung decortication in patients with chronic pleural empyema (CPE).

Methods: Twenty-six patients with diagnosis of CPE were evaluated in a prospective manner by lung perfusion scintigraphy, blood gas analysis and spirometry before and 35 weeks (+/-17) after the lung decortication.

Results: Preoperative scintigraphy showed reduction of lung perfusion on the affected side to 24.