Acute health effects of heated tobacco products: comparative analysis with traditional cigarettes and electronic cigarettes in young adults.

Background: Heated tobacco products (HTPs) were designed to deliver nicotine by heating the tobacco instead of burning it. This study aimed to examine the acute health effects on the respiratory and cardiovascular systems during the use of HTPs and compare these effects with acute health effects evoked by cigarette smoking or electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes).

Methods: The study group comprised 160 healthy young adults (age 23 years; quartile 1 (Q1) 21 years; quartile 3 (Q3) 26 years) with both sexes divided into groups according to their smoking status: 40 HTP users (H group), 40 traditional cigarette smokers (T group), 40 e-cigarette users (E group) and 40 non-smokers (C group).

[Infection fatality rate (IFR) during the course of COVID-19 pandemic in Upper Silesia Metropolitan Area (Poland) in 2020].

Background: During the course of COVID-19 pandemic, a wide range of scientific projects was implemented worldwide, including studies focusing on infection fatality rate (IFR). The value of IFR depends on the number of COVID-19 deaths in a population in a given period and the number of infected people in this population, usually provided by seropepidemiological studies (anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG in the case of COVID-19). The objective of our study was to estimate IFR in the course of COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, in the general population of Upper Silesia Metropolitan Area (USMA).

SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Seroprevalence in Wuhan, China, from 23 April to 24 May 2020.

The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first reported in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. To investigate the prevalence of COVID-19 in Wuhan, we conducted serologic tests on 35,326 individuals from four different communities to estimate cumulative incidence of infection. Our results showed that 1,332 individuals (3.

Coexistence of asthmatic and non-respiratory allergic symptoms in children of Batumi Region, Georgia: occurrence and association with known diagnosis of asthma.

Objectives: Our recent studies showed that in children in the Batumi region, Georgia, underdiagnosis of asthma is 65%, and that not all children with known asthma had a history of allergic disorders. So, we decided to assess the association of known diagnosis of paediatric asthma with asthma-like symptoms and non-respiratory allergic symptoms and diseases using questionnaire-derived data provided by respiratory health survey.

Methods: Subjects of the cross-sectional population-based study were 3,239 urban and 2,113 rural children aged 5-17 years whose respiratory status was assessed using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire.

Seroprevalence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in a Random Sample of Inhabitants of the Katowice Region, Poland.

Lack of knowledge around seroprevalence levels of COVID-19 in Poland was the reason for the implementation of a seroepidemiological study in the Katowice Region (2,100,000 inhabitants). In October-November 2020, a questionnaire examination and measurement of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM antibodies were performed in a random sample of the general population ( = 1167). The objectives of the study were to estimate the prevalence of IgG and IgM antibodies and to assess their host-related correlates.

The Frequency of Use and Harm Perception of Heated Tobacco Products (HTPs): The 2019 Cross-Sectional Survey among Medical Students from Poland.

Heated tobacco products (HTPs) are devices for generating a nicotine aerosol by heating the tobacco sticks. This study aimed to assess (1) the prevalence of HTP and tobacco cigarette usage among medical students, (2) to characterize smoking habits and (3) to assess students' awareness and opinions about HTPs. A cross-sectional survey on the frequency and attitudes toward cigarettes, e-cigarettes and HTP use was performed between 2019-2020 at the Medical University of Silesia in Katowice (Poland).

E-cigarette use among young adults in Poland: Prevalence and characteristics of e-cigarette users.

Purpose: Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use is one of the most popular alternatives to conventional cigarette smoking. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of cigarette and e-cigarette use among university students from Poland, with particular emphasis on ever and current cigarette and e-cigarette use as well as smoking initiation age.

Patients And Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between 2017 and 2018 in a group of university students in 5 academic centers in Poland.

Impact of changing GOLD guidelines (2007-2011-2017) on assignment of a COPD patient to disease severity category.

Introduction: The international standard for the recognition and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is guided by a regularly updated set of criteria developed by the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD).

Aim: To investigate the impact of updated COPD management guidelines from 2007 to 2017 (GOLD 2007, GOLD 2011 and GOLD 2017) on the assignment of patients into individual therapeutic groups, examining both individual and population dimensions.

Material And Methods: Each of 500 randomly chosen primary care physicians in Poland provided information on 10 individual COPD patients (disease history, clinical status, treatment and pharmacotherapy).

Smoking Cessation and Vaping Cessation Attempts among Cigarette Smokers and E-Cigarette Users in Central and Eastern Europe.

Our aim is to assess the smoking cessation and vaping cessation activity, including quit attempts and willingness to quit among university students in Central and Eastern Europe, as well as to investigate personal characteristics associated with smoking cessation and vaping cessation attempts. Data were collected by questionnaire which included 46 questions on cigarette and e-cigarette use. Questionnaires were obtained from 14,352 university students (aged 20.

New ideas, old problems? Heated tobacco products - a systematic review.

Heated tobacco products (HTPs) are a form of nicotine delivery intended to provide an alternative to traditional cigarettes. The aim of this systematic review was to present the current state of knowledge on HTPs with an emphasis on the potential impact of HTP use on human health. During the preparation of this systematic review, the literature on HTPs available within Medline/PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar was retrieved and examined.

The Prevalence of Cigarette and E-cigarette Smoking Among Students in Central and Eastern Europe-Results of the YUPESS Study.

Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are an alternative to traditional tobacco cigarette smoking. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of cigarette smoking and e-cigarette use among university students from Central and Eastern Europe and to investigate personal characteristics associated with cigarette and e-cigarette smoking. A questionnaire-based cross-sectional survey was performed between 2017-2018 among university students in five European countries: Belarus, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, and Slovakia.

Consequences of Changing the GOLD Reports (2007-2011-2017) on the Treatment Regimen of Patients with COPD.

Detailed treatment regimens for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were developed by the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD). Every few years the method of classification of COPD severity and the treatment recommendations are significantly revised. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical implications of changing GOLD reports (2007-2011-2017) and the impact that these changes would have on pharmacological treatment regimens of patients with COPD.

Acute respiratory responses to the use of e-cigarette: an intervention study.

The goal of our study was to assess acute respiratory responses to using e-cigarettes in exclusive e-cigarette users (E-Group) and dual users (T/E-Group) and to compare these effects with responses to smoking tobacco-cigarettes in tobacco smokers (T-Group). The study included 120 adults (age: 21.7 ± 2.

Costs of pharmacotherapy of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in relation to changing Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease guidelines (2007, 2011, and 2017 updates).

INTRODUCTION Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most common chronic noninfectious diseases. The clinical management is determined by patient assignment to the severity stage of the disease in accordance with the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines. OBJECTIVES Our aim was to determine the economic implications of changing GOLD guidelines (2007, 2011, and 2017 updates) and their impact on the direct costs of pharmacological treatment of patients diagnosed with COPD.

Comparison of spirometric results obtained from the sitting and standing position in children participating in an epidemiological study.

Introduction: It is recommended that spirometric testing in children be completed while sitting. Our experience indicates that children prefer standing during spirometry.

Aim: We sought to compare spirometric results obtained from the sitting (SIP) and standing (STP) positions.

Socio-demographic factors related to under-diagnosis of childhood asthma in Upper Silesia, Poland.

The presented study of 4,535 children aged 7-17 years in the Upper Silesian region of Poland yielded 186 cases of previously known asthma, and 44 children with newly diagnosed asthma. The aim of the presented study was to identify non-medical factors that could explain why children with a newly established diagnosis ('undiagnosed asthma') had not been diagnosed in the past. The study was performed according to a case-control design.

[Profile of adults suffering from COPD in Poland].

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most common chronic diseases in adults. It is estimated, that in Poland around two million people suffer from COPD.

The Aim: The aim of this study, was to characterize population of patients with COPD in Poland.

Underdiagnosis of childhood asthma: A comparison of survey estimates to clinical evaluation.

Objectives: Diagnostic patterns play a role in asthma prevalence estimates and could have implications for disease management. We sought to determine the extent to which questionnaire-derived estimates of childhood asthma reflect the disease's true occurrence.

Materials And Methods: Children aged 6-12 years from Katowice, Poland, were recruited from a cross-sectional survey (N = 1822) via primary schools.

[Treatment of asthma in Poland by primary care physicians--results of PulmoScreen study].

Introduction: Proper treatment of asthma patients is crucial for long-term control of the disease.

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the treatment of adult asthma patients by primary care physicians in the light of international GINA guidelines.

Material And Method: The cross-sectional study included a representative sample of 1852 general practitioners (GPs) who were asked to complete questionnaires on the diagnosis and treatment often consecutive patients with asthma who are under their care.

[Profile of adults suffering from asthma in Poland--results of PulmoScreen study].

Introduction: Adult patients with diagnosis of asthma remain largely under the care of primary care physicians (general practitioners). Thus, they play an important role in diagnosing and treating this population. The aim of the study was to characterize of adults with asthma remaining under the care of Polish general practitioners (GP) as well as to evaluate the use of diagnostic tools and treatment in light of GINA recommendations.

Social and family-related correlates of medical care utilization by asthmatic children in Upper Silesia, Poland.

Background: Studies on childhood asthma demonstrate socioeconomic disparities in medical care utilization. A lack of information for Poland prompted our investigation into this question. Its goal was to discover if the utilization of medical services by asthmatic children depends on social and family factors.

[Tuberculosis epidemiology in Silesia Voivodship (Poland) between 1994-2004].

The incidence of tuberculosis in Poland is about 2-3 times higher than average for E.U. countries.

[Prevention of childhood bronchial asthma--needs, abilities, limitations].

Through lack of effective primary prevention of childhood asthma, good secondary prevention program by early detection of the disease, is needed. Therefore we sought to estimate sensitivity, specificity and predictive values of asthma symptoms questionnaire. In Mikołów District 899 school children, aged 8-9 years were screened using respiratory symptoms questionnaire (80% of all in that age group).

[Epidemiology of tuberculosis in Silesia Voivodship (Poland) between 1990-2000].

The incidence of tuberculosis in Poland is about 2-3 times higher than average for EU countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate epidemiology of tuberculosis in Silesia Voivodship against the background of the country of Poland. The paper presents actual TB epidemiology situation (incidence, prevalence, morbidity and mortality from TB in Silesia and in Poland) as well as its trends observed between 1990-2000.