Comparison of Universal mtDNA Primers in Species Identification of Animals in a Sample with Severely Degraded DNA.

Analysis of mitochondrial DNA, specifically the cytochrome b gene (cyt b), has become an essential tool for species identification. In the case of degraded samples, in which DNA is fractionated, universal primers, which are highly effective at amplifying the target region, are necessary. The material analysed in this study was a keychain made of bone, which was secured at a border crossing due to the suspicion that it was made of ivory.

Changes in the gene expression and methylation in chicken cecal tonsils after in ovo administration of bioactive substances.

Cecal tonsils are the main organs which generate an immune response and also the part of the GALT, thus they are in the close proximity of the intestinal microbiota and continuously exposed to microbe-associated molecular patterns. GALT developed regulatory and anti-inflammatory mechanisms which eliminate or tolerate microbiota. Bioactive substances in ovo administration ensures an early contact between the GALT and beneficial bacteria, which greatly promotes the development of tolerance.

Changes in the Level of DNA Methylation in under the Influence of Physical and Chemical Factors.

The effects of physical factors such as radiation (electromagnetic, microwave, infrared, laser, UVC, and X-ray) and high temperature, as well as chemical factors (controlled atmosphere) on the level of global DNA cytosine methylation in ATCC 10231 cells were investigated. Prolonged exposure to each type of radiation significantly increased the DNA methylation level. In addition, the global methylation level in cells increased with the incubation temperature.

The use of selected herbal preparations for the disinfection of Japanese quail hatching eggs.

The aim of study was to evaluate microbial and hatchability traits as well as chicks quality after hatching eggs disinfection with aqueous solutions of ginger (GR), garlic (GC), oregano (O), and cinnamon (C) extracts. The experiment was divided into 2 stages, at preliminary in vitro stage antimicrobial susceptibility of plant extracts (PEs) was tested against reference strains from the American Type Culture Collection. O and GC extracts had the best antimicrobial properties (P < 0.

The prevalence of virulence determinants in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from different infections in hospitalized patients in Poland.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is responsible for hard-to-treat infections. The presence of 19 virulence genes in 120 MRSA isolates obtained from hospitalized patients and genetic relationships of these isolates were investigated. The eno (100%) and ebps (93.

Interaction between early in ovo stimulation of the gut microbiota and chicken host - splenic changes in gene expression and methylation.

Background: Epigenetic regulation of the gene expression results from interaction between the external environment and transcription of the genetic information encoded in DNA. Methylated CpG regions within the gene promoters lead to silencing of the gene expression in most cases. Factors contributing to epigenetic regulation include intestinal microbiota, which in chicken can be potently modified by in ovo stimulation.

Effectiveness of various methods of DNA isolation from bones and teeth of animals exposed to high temperature.

In the event of fires, natural disasters, and other events associated with high temperature, bones and teeth are the only source of genetic material for identifying human or animal carcasses. To obtain reliable final results of identification tests, the use of appropriate nucleic acid extraction methods is crucial. Therefore, the main objective of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of selected methods of DNA isolation from animal burnt bones and teeth.

Influence of the Treatment Used in Inflammatory Bowel Disease on the Protease Activities.

Introduction: There is growing evidence that intestinal proteases have a role in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), has an additional source of proteases represented by infiltrated and activated inflammatory cells. The aim of our study was to determine proteolytic system activity in patients with CD and UC.

Post-mortem analysis of gunshot wounds to the head and thorax in dogs by computed tomography, radiography and forensic necropsy.

In view of the scarcity of literature data on the use of radiological imaging techniques in forensic veterinary medicine, while at the same time the number of reported crimes against animals involving the use of firearms is rising, this paper attempts to assess the usefulness of radiography and computed tomography (CT) in the post-mortem diagnosis of gunshot wounds (GSW) in comparison to classic necropsy. The design of the experiment was as follows: preparation of the research material (13 dog carcasses), shooting of the material from different distances (1.5 and 12 m, plus one contact shot to the head) and using different types of ammunition, followed by X-rays and CT scans in each case to examine the injuries resulting from the shot.

Use of reactive oxygen species (ozone, hydrogen peroxide) for disinfection of hatching eggs.

The sample consisted of 480 hatching eggs of Japanese quails and was divided into 4 groups. Before the transfer to the incubator, the first group was not disinfected (negative control). In the second group, eggs were disinfected by means of formaldehyde fumigation (positive control).

Time of sexual maturity and early egg quality of Japanese quails affected by in ovo injection of medicinal plants.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the time to sexual maturity and quality of initial eggs of Japanese quail affected by in ovo injection of plant extracts: ginger (GR), garlic (GC), oregano (O) and cinnamon (C). In total, 2400 eggs of Japanese quails were divided into six groups on the fifth day of incubation. Group I was the control group (NC), which was not injected.

Imbalance of Controlled Death in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes in Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis.

: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) mainly includes Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Both conditions are associated with an exacerbated intestinal immune response to harmless stimuli, leading to upregulation of pro-inflammatory mediators. : The subjects of the study were 55 patients with IBD.

Comparative analysis of cat bone marrow and adipose tissue cell cultures.

Cell culture transplantation is very promising in the treatment of various diseases. Cells obtained from a number of sources have been analysed to provide a basis for further studies in the area of regenerative medicine. The objective of the study was to compare morphological and phenotypic changes in cat adipose tissue and bone marrow cell cultures from the first to fifth passages.

Molecular markers used in forensic genetics.

Forensic genetics is a field that has become subject to increasing interest in recent years. Both the technology and the markers used for forensic purposes have changed since the 1980s. The minisatellite sequences used in the famous Pitchfork case introduced genetics to the forensic sciences.

Oxidative Stress and Effect of Treatment on the Oxidation Product Decomposition Processes in IBD.

Oxidative stress plays an important role in IBD because chronic intestinal inflammation is associated with the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to oxidative stress, which has been implicated in IBD. Many lines of evidence suggest that IBD is associated with an imbalance between ROS and antioxidant activity which generates oxidative stress as the result of either ROS overproduction or a decrease in antioxidant activity. Our study was to evaluate the influence of oxidative stress and antioxidants on the course of the disease and treatment of IBD patients.

Algorithm for establishing the time of death of a dog based on temperature measurements in selected sites of the body during the early post-mortem period.

Post-mortem measurements were made of the body temperature of dogs. The aim of the study was to evaluate and verify a reliable mathematical model that can be used to establish the time elapsed since the death of a dog during the initial post-mortem period at room temperature, using the eye (vitreous body), internal organs (heart, liver, kidney and lung), and rectum as sites for temperature measurement. The measurements were performed at six points in the body using an electronic thermometer in conjunction with a temperature probe.

Evaluation of propolis extract as a disinfectant of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) hatching eggs.

This study was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of an alcoholic propolis extract (15%) as a disinfectant for Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) hatching eggs. A total of 600 eggs were randomly divided into four experimental groups: 1) negative control (NC), without disinfection, 2) control (C), fumigated with formaldehyde gas, 3) (A), sprayed with 96% alcohol, and 4) (P), sprayed with 15% alcoholic propolis extract. The eggs were incubated artificially in a BIOS hatching apparatus under standard conditions.

Immunophenotypic characteristics and karyotype analysis of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells of rabbits during in vitro cultivation.

The aim of this study was to establish the immunophenotypic profile and karyotypic stability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) of rabbits at the early passages in vitro following the application of different methods of dissociation of cellular material. MSCs were obtained from the femur bone marrow of three clinically healthy rabbits under general anaesthesia. Bone marrow aspirate was seeded in Petri dishes and cultured in a CO2 incubator with 5% CO2 at 37.

Impact of lymphocyte culture media on the number of metaphases and chromosome band resolution.

A special type of differential staining of chromosomes is replication banding. This staining technique reveals the band pattern characteristic of each homologous pair of chromosomes, which is a reflection of heterogeneous euchromatin structure. Banding enables identification of homologous chromosomes and detection of chromosomal aberrations, both structural and numerical.

Analysis of cases of forensic veterinary opinions produced in a research and teaching unit.

The aim of the study was to present the results of necropsies carried out in the years 2000-2014 in the Department of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin. The material used for the analysis consisted of expert opinions prepared on the basis of a decision by a judicial body to admit an expert opinion as evidence. An increase was observed in the demand for the services of veterinary forensic experts, beginning in 2006 and persisting through 2014.

Structure of nucleoli in first-order spermatocytes of selected free-living animal species.

Nucleoli are the product of the activity of nucleolar organizer regions (NOR) in certain chromosomes. Their main functions are the formation of ribosomal subunits from ribosomal protein molecules and the transcription of genes encoding rRNA. Nucleoli are present in the nuclei of nearly all eukaryotic cells because they contain housekeeping genes.

Estimation of global content of 5-methylcytosine in DNA during allantoic and pulmonary respiration in the chicken embryo.

DNA methylation is an epigenetic modification that plays an important role in the proper development and functioning of an organism. The DNA methylation level is species-, tissue- and organelle-specific, and the methylation pattern is determined during embryogenesis. A correlation between methylation and age is also observed.

Age-dependent change in the morphology of nucleoli and methylation of genes of the Nucleolar Organizer Region in Japanese quail Coturnix japonica) model (Temminck and Schlegel, 1849) (Galliformes: Aves).

Nucleoli are the product of the activity of nucleolar organizer regions (NOR) in certain chromosomes. Their main functions are the formation of ribosomal subunits from ribosomal protein molecules and the transcription of genes encoding rRNA. The aim of the study was to determine the shape of nucleoli and analyse methylation in the gene RN28S in the spermatocytes of male Japanese quail (Coturnixjaponica) in two age groups.

DNA methylation analysis of the gene CDKN2B in Gallus gallus (chicken).

Methylation is an epigenetic modification of DNA affecting gene expression without changing the structure of nucleotides. It plays a crucial role in the embryonic and post-embryonic development of living organisms. Methylation level is tissue and species-specific and changes with age.