Biological treatment in chronic disease management: from asthma to ulcerative colitis. A review paper.

Objective: Aim: The purpose of this article is to review the literature on the applicability of biologic agents, their mechanism of action, safety and factors affecting their choice in selected chronic conditions: asthma, psoriasis, ankylosing spondylitis and ulcerative colitis.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: The electronic databases MEDLINE/PubMed and ScienceScholar were searched for studies published in English and Polish and indexed from 2018 to April 2024. Dodatkowo uwzględniono Stanowisko Polskiego Towarzystwa Alergologicznego i Polskiego Towarzystwa Chorób Układu Oddechowego, rekomendacje Polskiego Towarzystwa Dermatologicznego, wytyczne Polskiego Towarzystwa Gastroenterologii i konsultanta krajowego w dziedzinie gastroenterologii oraz wytyczne Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA).

Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

The gut microbiota has recently been recognized as a major environmental factor in the pathophysiology of several human diseases. The anatomical and functional association existing between the gut and the liver provides the theoretical basis to assume that the liver is a major target for gut microbes. In the last decades, many studies have reported an altered composition of gut microbiota in patients with chronic liver diseases and liver cirrhosis, suggesting a progressively marked dysbiosis to be related to worsening of the liver disease.

[Klatskin tumor - a case report].

Unlabelled: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the second most frequent liver malignancy, responsible for 10-15% primary liver cancers. This tumor is difficult to diagnose and characterized by high mortality rate. Extrahepatic CCA is a specific type known as Klatskin tumor.

[Diverticular disease--the rules of management].

Diverticular disease it is one from the most common disease, and the number of young people with this illness is increasing last time. It is connected with our life style: without physical activity and low-fiber diet. Main symptoms of diverticular disease can be mild (like: abdominal pain, flatulence, constipations or diarrhea) but can also be connected with serious complications (like perforation or bleeding).

[Endocrinological disorders in due to diseases of the pancreas].

During diseases of the pancreas not only extrasecretory but also intrasecretory disorders are observed. The disturbances are dependent on excessive or insufficient releasing of hormones which are physiologically secreted by the pancreas. The most common endocrine disorder, which develops in pancreatic diseases, is insufficient insulin production which leads to carbohydrates balance disorders.

[Endoscopic methods of non variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding haemostasis--retrospective analysis].

Unlabelled: The upper gastrointestinal bleeding continues to be a significant therapeutic problem despite the progress in endoscopic treatment. Due to its dynamics, it may lead to an imminent danger to life or to a sudden necessity of surgical intervention.

Aim Of The Study: to evaluate the results of the treatment of the patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding using the therapeutic endoscopy.

[Certain aspects of so-called post cholecystectomy syndrome].

The study involved 126 patients with cholelithiasis. Set of biochemical, radiological, endoscopic, and ultrasound examinations was carried out in these patients. Potential coincidence of clinical symptoms and causes of so-called postcholecystectomy syndrome was the purpose of a 1-year follow-up studies.

[A case of multiple diagnostic errors].

A case of female patient with alimentary functional disorders following cholecystectomy is presented. Erroneously diagnosed cholelithiasis (by ultrasound examination) was the cause of hospitalization. Discordances in laboratory findings caused further examinations.

[Difficulties in diagnosing immunologically determined disease syndromes].

A case of amyloidosis is presented in a man aged 21 years, discussing the diagnostic difficulties in immunologically-determined syndromes, and considerable serious consequences of their inappropriate treatment. On the margin of this case important problems are discussed connected with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatic fever and amyloidosis.