Reaching a 1.5°C target: socio-technical challenges for a rapid transition to low-carbon electricity systems.

A 1.5°C global average target implies that we should no longer focus on merely incremental emissions reductions from the electricity system, but rather on fundamentally re-envisaging a system that, sooner rather than later, becomes carbon free. Many low-carbon technologies are surpassing mainstream predictions for both uptake and cost reduction.

Loss of anticodon wobble uridine modifications affects tRNA(Lys) function and protein levels in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

In eukaryotes, wobble uridines in the anticodons of tRNA(Lys)UUU, tRNA(Glu)UUC and tRNA(Gln)UUG are modified to 5-methoxy-carbonyl-methyl-2-thio-uridine (mcm5s2U). While mutations in subunits of the Elongator complex (Elp1-Elp6), which disable mcm5 side chain formation, or removal of components of the thiolation pathway (Ncs2/Ncs6, Urm1, Uba4) are individually tolerated, the combination of both modification defects has been reported to have lethal effects on Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Contrary to such absolute requirement of mcm5s2U for viability, we demonstrate here that in the S.

[Giant thoracolumbar synovial cyst: case report].

Methods: A case report of a giant thoracolumbar synovial cyst is presented.

Results: A 74-year-old woman presented with a chronic lumbar pain associated with pain in the left leg. MR imaging showed a voluminous extradural cyst extending from T12 to L2.

[Intramedullary tumors. Results of a national investigation in private neurosurgery].

Unlabelled: The frequency of intramedullary tumors is 0.5 cases per year for 100,000 inhabitants. The study reported herein was a retrospective study conducted from January 1985 to September 2007.

International Symposium on High Performance Proteomics 2007: a contribution to Proteomics May 14-16, 2007 Dortmund, Germany.

The symposium High Performance Proteomics was held in Dortmund on May 14-16, 2007, to celebrate the opening of the Zentrum für Angewandte Proteomik as well as the 6(th) anniversary of the German Human Brain Proteome Project. It offered an outstanding opportunity to obtain a broad overview about all fields of proteomics and related fields, combining the expertise of biochemists, physicians, bioinformatics, mathematicians and other researchers in Life Sciences. The main topics were the presentation of state-of-the-art proteomics technologies as well as possible transfer models for industrial applications.

[Paraganglioma of the cavernous sinus. Case report].

A case of paraganglioma arising from the cavernous area is presented. A 51-year-old woman presented with a parasellar mass causing decreased visual acuity, oculomotor nerve paresis and retro-orbital headaches without endocrinological dysfunction. Diagnosis was confirmed by histological appearance and electron microscopy.

VEGF is important for early liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy.

Background: The aim of the study was to determine the role of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) on the microvasculature and on angiogenetic gene expression after partial hepatectomy (PH) in the rat model.

Methods: To determine the effect of exogenous and endogenous VEGF after PH, rats were subjected to 70% PH and treated either with VEGF, anti-VEGF or NaCl. Postoperatively (3-168 h), vessel density (VD), vessel diameter (VDi), and intersinusoidal space, liver body weight ratio (LBR), hepatic proliferation and biochemical markers were assessed.

Interferon-alpha response in chronic hepatitis B-transfected HepG2.2.15 cells is partially restored by lamivudine treatment.

Aim: To characterize the IFN-response and its modulation by the antiviral compound lamivudine in HBV-transfected HepG2.2.15 cells.

Square core jacketed air-clad fiber.

We report the fabrication of a highly multi-mode square core jacketed air-clad fiber with a top-hat near-field intensity profile. Using this fiber to deliver Q-switched pulses at 1 mum we have successfully produced square shaped ablation marks in indium tin oxide (ITO) without the use of complex beam shaping optics.

The Ras-Byr2RBD complex: structural basis for Ras effector recognition in yeast.

Background: The small GTP binding protein Ras has important roles in cellular growth and differentiation. Mutant Ras is permanently active and contributes to cancer development. In its activated form, Ras interacts with effector proteins, frequently initiating a kinase cascade.

Solution structure of the Ras binding domain of the protein kinase Byr2 from Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

Background: After activation, small GTPases such as Ras transfer the incoming signal to effectors by specifically interacting with the binding domain of these proteins. Structural details of the binding domain of different effectors determine which pathway is predominantly activated. Byr2 from fission yeast is a functional homolog of Raf, which is the direct downstream target of Ras in mammalians that initiates a protein kinase cascade.

Influence of acyl chain fluidity on the lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of complement.

Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs, endotoxins) are the major amphiphilic constituents of the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. They are known to activate the complement cascade to form lytic membrane pores. Here, we study the influence of the fluidity of the acyl chains of LPSs and lipid As on the formation of lytic pores.

Thermodynamics of Ras/effector and Cdc42/effector interactions probed by isothermal titration calorimetry.

Proliferation, differentiation, and morphology of eucaryotic cells is regulated by a large network of signaling molecules. Among the major players are members of the Ras and Rho/Rac subfamilies of small GTPases that bind to different sets of effector proteins. Recognition of multiple effectors is important for communicating signals into different pathways, leading to the question of how an individual GTPase achieves tight binding to diverse targets.

[Painful sciatic rubbing caused by benign synovioma of the spinal joints. Apropos of 4 cases].

Synovioma, a benign neoplasm arising from pigmented villonodular synovium or synovitis, is uncommon. It involves the tendons and joints of the finger, ankle and foot. In this study four cases of villonodular synovioma of spinal joints are reported.

[Management of the non traumatic dissecting aneurysm of the cervical portion of the internal carotid artery (author's transl)].

The spontaneous dissecting aneurysms of the internal cervical carotid artery are renowned unusual, as about fifty cases only are reported in the literature. About 18 cases of dissecting aneurysms, 5 of which operated on and 13 clinically and radiologically followed, the authors try to draw a management. This one is resolutely conservative because: 1.

[Primary "mycotic" aneurysm of the common carotid artery. Report of one case (author's transl)].

Primary mycotic aneurysm of the common carotid artery is exceptional. The clinical characteristics are dominated by the absence of a detectable infectious cause, by the macroscopic, nonsuppurative aspect and the sudden increase in volume requiring emergency operation. The treatment of these aneurysms is surgical, but little known owing to the rareness of these cases.

[Value of extra-intracranial anastomosis: based on a series of 65 cases].

The authors describe the results obtained in a series of 65 patients following extra-intracranial cortical anastomosis. The best indications for this procedure are transitory ischemic accidents which cannot be approached by the direct cervical route. Cases of prolonged or definitive vascular accidents and more especially localized lesions also gave valuable results but these depend upon the condition of the cerebral parenchyma which must be carefully evaluated.