Pulmonary-delivered Anticalin Jagged-1 antagonists reduce experimental airway mucus hyperproduction and obstruction.

Mucus hypersecretion and mucus obstruction are pathogenic features in many chronic lung diseases directly linked to disease severity, exacerbation, progression, and mortality. The Jagged-1/Notch pathway is a promising therapeutic target that regulates secretory and ciliated cell trans-differentiation in the lung. However, the Notch pathway is also required in various other organs.

A Highly Potent, Orally Bioavailable Pyrazole-Derived Cannabinoid CB2 Receptor- Selective Full Agonist for Studies.

The cannabinoid CB2 receptor (CB2R) is a potential therapeutic target for distinct forms of tissue injury and inflammatory diseases. To thoroughly investigate the role of CB2R in pathophysiological conditions and for target validation , optimal pharmacological tool compounds are essential. Despite the sizable progress in the generation of potent and selective CB2R ligands, pharmacokinetic parameters are often neglected for studies.

Characterizing electron-collecting CdTe for use in a 77 ns burst-rate imager.

The Keck-PAD (pixel array detector) was developed at Cornell as a burst-rate imager capable of recording images from successive electron bunches (153 ns period) from the Advanced Photon Source (APS). Both Si and hole-collecting Schottky CdTe have been successfully bonded to this ASIC (application-specific integrated circuit) and used with this frame rate. The facility upgrades at the APS will lower the bunch period to 77 ns, which will require modifications to the Keck-PAD electronics to image properly at this reduced period.

MicroRNA-200b-mediated reversion of a spectrum of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition states in recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa squamous cell carcinomas.

Background: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the leading cause of death in patients with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB). However, the survival time from first diagnosis differs between patients; some tumours spread particularly fast, while others may remain localized for years. As treatment options are limited, there is an urgent need for further insights into the pathomechanisms of RDEB tumours, to foster therapy development and support clinical decision-making.

Multi-scale time-resolved electron diffraction: A case study in moiré materials.

Ultrafast-optical-pump - structural-probe measurements, including ultrafast electron and x-ray scattering, provide direct experimental access to the fundamental timescales of atomic motion, and are thus foundational techniques for studying matter out of equilibrium. High-performance detectors are needed in scattering experiments to obtain maximum scientific value from every probe particle. We deploy a hybrid pixel array direct electron detector to perform ultrafast electron diffraction experiments on a WSe/MoSe 2D heterobilayer, resolving the weak features of diffuse scattering and moiré superlattice structure without saturating the zero order peak.

Comparison of simple models for total nitrogen removal from agricultural runoff in FWS wetlands.

Free water surface (FWS) wetlands can be used to treat agricultural runoff, thereby reducing diffuse pollution. However, as these are highly dynamic systems, their design is still challenging. Complex models tend to require detailed information for calibration, which can only be obtained when the wetland is constructed.

Very-High Dynamic Range, 10,000 Frames/Second Pixel Array Detector for Electron Microscopy.

Precision and accuracy of quantitative scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) methods such as ptychography, and the mapping of electric, magnetic, and strain fields depend on the dose. Reasonable acquisition time requires high beam current and the ability to quantitatively detect both large and minute changes in signal. A new hybrid pixel array detector (PAD), the second-generation Electron Microscope Pixel Array Detector (EMPAD-G2), addresses this challenge by advancing the technology of a previous generation PAD, the EMPAD.

Is there a link between endowment inequality and deception? - an analysis of students and chess players.

This paper investigates experimentally the relationship between inequality in endowment and deception. Our basic design is adopted from Gneezy (2005): two players interact in a deception game. It is common knowledge that player 1 has private information about the payoffs for both players of two alternative actions.

Patternable Mesoporous Thin Film Quantum Materials via Block Copolymer Self-Assembly: An Emergent Technology?

Recent developments in quantum materials hold promise for revolutionizing energy and information technologies. The use of soft matter self-assembly, for example, by employing block copolymers (BCPs) as structure directing or templating agents, offers facile pathways toward quantum metamaterials with highly tunable mesostructures via scalable solution processing. Here, we report the preparation of patternable mesoporous niobium carbonitride-type thin film superconductors through spin-coating of a hybrid solution containing an amphiphilic BCP swollen by niobia sol precursors and subsequent thermal processing in combination with photolithography.

High-pressure small-angle X-ray scattering cell for biological solutions and soft materials.

Pressure is a fundamental thermodynamic parameter controlling the behavior of biological macromolecules. Pressure affects protein denaturation, kinetic parameters of enzymes, ligand binding, membrane permeability, ion trans-duction, expression of genetic information, viral infectivity, protein association and aggregation, and chemical processes. In many cases pressure alters the molecular shape.

Developing Industrial CPS: A Multi-Disciplinary Challenge.

Industrial Cyber-Physical System (CPS) is an emerging approach towards value creation in modern industrial production. The development and implementation of industrial CPS in real-life production are rewarding yet challenging. This paper aims to present a concept to develop, commercialize, operate, and maintain industrial CPS which can motivate the advance of the research and the industrial practice of industrial CPS in the future.

FakeNewsPerception: An eye movement dataset on the perceived believability of news stories.

Extensive use of the internet has enabled easy access to many different sources, such as news and social media. Content shared on the internet cannot be fully fact-checked and, as a result, misinformation can spread in a fast and easy way. Recently, psychologists and economists have shown in many experiments that prior beliefs, knowledge, and the willingness to think deliberately are important determinants to explain who falls for fake news.

Infodemics: Do healthcare professionals detect corona-related false news stories better than students?

False news stories cause welfare losses and fatal health consequences. To limit its dissemination, it is essential to know what determines the ability to distinguish between true and false news stories. In our experimental study, we present subjects corona-related stories taken from the media from various categories (e.

Treatment of central giant cell granuloma in children with denosumab.

Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) is a benign but locally aggressive intraosseous lesion of the mandible. Historically, it is treated by curettage or resection. Medical therapy is indicated when surgery is associated with increased morbidity or in adjuvant setting to decrease recurrence.

Botulinum Toxin for Chronic Lateral Epicondylitis (LE).

Lateral epicondylitis is a common disease in orthopaedic practice. Although the majority of cases do not become chronic, patients who do not respond to the initial treatment may suffer from pain in the long term and effective treatment is challenging. The off-label use of botulinum toxin is one of the common potential indications for the substance in orthopaedics and traumatology.

Spatio-temporal assessment of illicit drug use at large scale: evidence from 7 years of international wastewater monitoring.

Background And Aims: Wastewater-based epidemiology is an additional indicator of drug use that is gaining reliability to complement the current established panel of indicators. The aims of this study were to: (i) assess spatial and temporal trends of population-normalized mass loads of benzoylecgonine, amphetamine, methamphetamine and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in raw wastewater over 7 years (2011-17); (ii) address overall drug use by estimating the average number of combined doses consumed per day in each city; and (iii) compare these with existing prevalence and seizure data.

Design: Analysis of daily raw wastewater composite samples collected over 1 week per year from 2011 to 2017.

Question prompts to empower cancer patients: results of a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: In addition to question prompts for information transfer, we also used prompts to facilitate the expression of emotions. Our aim was to investigate how a question prompt list (QPL) is accepted by patients and whether it enhances interactional empowerment of the patients in the consultation with the radio-oncological treatment team before the beginning of radiotherapy.

Methodology: Adult cancer patients before the beginning of radiotherapy were randomly assigned to the intervention group (IG) or control group (CG).

Preparation of Macroscopic Block-Copolymer-Based Gyroidal Mesoscale Single Crystals by Solvent Evaporation.

Properties arising from ordered periodic mesostructures are often obscured by small, randomly oriented domains and grain boundaries. Bulk macroscopic single crystals with mesoscale periodicity are needed to establish fundamental structure-property correlations for materials ordered at this length scale (10-100 nm). A solvent-evaporation-induced crystallization method providing access to large (millimeter to centimeter) single-crystal mesostructures, specifically bicontinuous gyroids, in thick films (>100 µm) derived from block copolymers is reported.

Experimental 3D coherent diffractive imaging from photon-sparse random projections.

The routine atomic resolution structure determination of single particles is expected to have profound implications for probing structure-function relationships in systems ranging from energy-storage materials to biological molecules. Extremely bright ultrashort-pulse X-ray sources - X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) - provide X-rays that can be used to probe ensembles of nearly identical nanoscale particles. When combined with coherent diffractive imaging, these objects can be imaged; however, as the resolution of the images approaches the atomic scale, the measured data are increasingly difficult to obtain and, during an X-ray pulse, the number of photons incident on the 2D detector is much smaller than the number of pixels.

Efficacy of simultaneous VEGF-A/ANG-2 neutralization in suppressing spontaneous choroidal neovascularization.

This study independently confirms in the JR5558 mouse model of aberrant retinal angiogenesis, that simultaneous VEGF‐A and ANG‐2 neutralization using a bispecific anti‐VEGF‐A/ANG‐2 antibody reduces vascular leakage, immune reactivity and apoptosis more effectively than either agent alone.[Image: see text]