Sport Psychology: Principles and Practices for Sports Medicine Physicians.

Sport psychology is the scientific study and application of psychological principles to enhance performance and well-being in sport, exercise, and physical activity. It has numerous applications to sports medicine, as psychological factors are associated with sport injury risk, recovery, successful return to play, and overall health. This article addresses how sport psychology is important to sports medicine and what applied sport psychologists do.

Pilot study exploring the presence of leadership curricula in undergraduate medical education.

Introduction: The physician's role in the healthcare delivery system extends beyond patient care to include numerous critical leadership roles in healthcare. In addition to treating patients, physicians manage multidisciplinary teams and influence policies to optimise public health. Yet, leadership education is not currently emphasised as part of undergraduate medical education.

Endothelial sensing of AHR ligands regulates intestinal homeostasis.

Endothelial cells line the blood and lymphatic vasculature, and act as an essential physical barrier, control nutrient transport, facilitate tissue immunosurveillance and coordinate angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. In the intestine, dietary and microbial cues are particularly important in the regulation of organ homeostasis. However, whether enteric endothelial cells actively sense and integrate such signals is currently unknown.

Breaking Down Grit: Persistency and Flexibility in the Career Plans of Military Medical Students.

Introduction: The field of medicine is experiencing a crisis as high levels of physician and trainee burnout threaten the pipeline of future physicians. Grit, or passion and perseverance for long-term goals, has been studied in high-performing and elite military units and found to be predictive of successful completion of training in adverse conditions. The Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU) graduates military medical leaders who make up a significant portion of the Military Health System physician workforce.

Undergraduate Medical Education Leader Performance Predicts Postgraduate Military Leader Performance.

Introduction: Developing physicians as leaders has gained attention across the United States. Undergraduate medical education (UME) and graduate medical education (GME) leader development programs have increased. During postgraduate years (PGY), graduates bring their leadership education to the bedside; however, associations between leader performance in medical school and GME is largely unknown.

Assessment of Veterans Affairs Case Managers Using a Leadership Conceptual Framework.

Purpose/objectives: Case management in Veterans Affairs (VA) depends on leadership skills such as effective communication, excellent resource management, self-governance, patient advocacy, and a distinctly professional attitude. VA registered nurses (RNs) and social workers (SWs) also provide case management services, a role and service, which is pivotal to veteran satisfaction and effective health care coordination.The leader-follower framework (LF2) was used to assess and compare the responses of RNs, SWs, and case managers (CMs) on the annual VA All Employee Survey (AES) to provide insight regarding VA case management performance, which has influenced veteran satisfaction.

Assessment of Veterans Affairs Case Management Leadership.

Purpose/objectives: The critical work of Veterans Affairs (VA) case managers is to assist and advocate for veterans navigating the VA and civilian health care systems, aligning services, developing integrated care plans, and supporting team-based care (Hunt & Burgo-Black, 2011). The article reviews publications regarding VA case management leadership because case managers who function as leaders are likely to better coordinate health care services for veterans.

Primary Practice Setting: VA case managers adhere to the Commission for Case Managers (CCM) scope of practice through patient advocacy, education, and resource management, while ensuring the care is safe, effective, and equitable.

Leadership Elements in Veterans Affairs All Employee Survey.

Purpose/objectives: Veterans Affairs (VA) case managers assist and advocate for veterans navigating VA and civilian health care systems. However, government reports indicate repeated dissatisfaction with veteran care coordination. Several case management publications suggest that VA case managers lead, as well as manage, but do not indicate exactly what this means.

Leading Change in Health Care.

Change leadership is essential for individuals, teams, and organizations. It focuses on leadership to initiate, support, and adapt to modifications, alterations, and new situations. Many perspectives, models, theories, and steps have been offered to optimize change.

Epigenetic Dysregulation in Autoimmune and Inflammatory Skin Diseases.

Epigenetics is the study of heritable, reversible gene expression patterns that do not originate from alterations in the DNA sequence. Epigenetic modifications influence gene expression patterns and include DNA methylation, histone modifications, and gene regulation via non-coding RNAs. While the study of epigenetics has been most broadly applied to neoplastic diseases, the role of the epigenome in a wide range of disease processes including autoimmune, allergic, and inflammatory processes is increasingly being recognized.

Applying Classic Social Psychology Principles to Improve Healthcare Teams.

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Modern healthcare involves teams composed of educators, learners, healthcare providers, patients, patients' significant others and families, healthcare administrators, and information sources.

Effects of Pyruvate Administration on Mitochondrial Enzymes, Neurological Behaviors, and Neurodegeneration after Traumatic Brain Injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is known to increase the susceptibility to various age-related neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Although the role of damaged mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) in the progression of AD and PD has been identified, its relationship with altered expression of neurodegenerative proteins has not been examined before. This study aimed to investigate 1) how TBI could affect mitochondrial ETC and neurodegeneration in rat brain regions related to behavioral alteration, and 2) if administration of the key mitochondrial substrate pyruvate can improve the outcome of mild TBI (mTBI).

Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Promote Aggressive Gastric Cancer Phenotypes via Heat Shock Factor 1-Mediated Secretion of Extracellular Vesicles.

Gastric cancer is the third most lethal cancer worldwide, and evaluation of the genomic status of gastric cancer cells has not translated into effective prognostic or therapeutic strategies. We therefore hypothesize that outcomes may depend on the tumor microenvironment (TME), in particular, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF). However, very little is known about the role of CAFs in gastric cancer.

Using Social Psychology Principles to Develop Emotionally Intelligent Healthcare Leaders.

Healthcare providers must acquire extensive knowledge and skills to help promote physical health, behavioral health, and wellness; prevent and treat illnesses and injuries; encourage and guide rehabilitation; counsel and assist with decisions relevant to health, life, and death. In addition, 21st Century healthcare providers must develop leadership knowledge and skills to optimize their interactions and effectiveness with healthcare teams, patients, and patients' significant others. Emotional intelligence is recognized as an essential component of leader education and development.

The Role of HSF1 and the Chaperone Network in the Tumor Microenvironment.

Tumors are stressful environments. As tumors evolve from single mutated cancer cells into invasive malignancies they must overcome various constraints and barriers imposed by a hostile microenvironment. To achieve this, cancer cells recruit and rewire cells in their microenvironment to become pro-tumorigenic.

Faculty Assessments in a Military Medical Field Practicum: Rater Experience and Gender Do Not Appear to Influence Scoring.

Introduction: Any implicit and explicit biases that exist may alter our interpretation of people and events. Within the context of assessment, it is important to determine if biases exist and to decrease any existing biases, especially when rating student performance to provide meaningful, fair, and useful input. The purpose of this study was to determine if the experience and gender of faculty members contribute to their ratings of students in a military medical field practicum.

Exertion-Related Illness: The Critical Roles of Leadership and Followership.

Exertion-related illness (ERI), despite aggressive efforts with both prevention and emergency action planning, continues to be a considerable threat to both athletes and warfighters. Numerous case reports and series have served to elucidate risk factors, which have in turn become the focus of prevention strategies. While this approach has assisted in mitigating athlete risk, recent institutional guidance has identified the need for greater protection of athletes by accountability of training programs and the recognition of periods of distinct athlete vulnerability.

Decreased BDNF in female but not male rats after exposure to stress: a sex-sensitive rat model of stress?

The literature has consistently emphasized a relationship between chronic stress and depression as well as the involvement of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). It is also well known that there are gender disparities with regard to depression. However, there has been a lack of biobehavioral experimental investigations of these relationships with regard to the role of BDNF in sex differences in response to stress.

Medical Student Leader Performance in an Applied Medical Field Practicum.

Introduction: Many medical schools in the United States are introducing leader and leadership curricula. However, there is a large gap regarding how to assess leader performance during undergraduate medical education. With the guidance of a conceptual framework, leadership assessment measures can be developed, learners can make expected improvements in performance over time, and assessment measures can be used in relevant, applied, medical teaching settings.

Examination of the Gateway Hypothesis in a rat model.

The Gateway Hypothesis is based on epidemiological data and states there is a progression of drug use from use of a softer drug (e.g., nicotine) to use of a harder drug (e.

Approaches for Curriculum and Assessment in Leader and Leadership Education and Development Programs in American Medical Schools.

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. There is a growing call to add leader and leadership education to undergraduate medical education (UME).

Charting a Course for Leader and Leadership Education and Development in American Medical Schools.

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. : Leadership has been identified as an essential component for success in medicine.

Characterization of Macrophage/Microglial Activation and Effect of Photobiomodulation in the Spared Nerve Injury Model of Neuropathic Pain.

Objective: Neuropathic pain is common and debilitating with limited effective treatments. Macrophage/microglial activation along ascending somatosensory pathways following peripheral nerve injury facilitates neuropathic pain. However, polarization of macrophages/microglia in neuropathic pain is not well understood.