Differentiation of Species and Estimation of Their Polyphenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Potential Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy.

species are rich in protein, fiber, minerals, and other nutrients and have various health benefits. The genus is taxonomically difficult due to the high phenotypic plasticity and the spontaneous interspecies introgression and hybridization between species. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the possibilities of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) for the taxonomic differentiation of some of the species common in Bulgaria and estimate their polyphenolic compounds.

Reactive transport modelling as a toolbox to compare remediation strategies for aquifers impacted by uranium in situ recovery.

More than 60% of worldwide uranium production is based on the In Situ Recovery mining technique. This exploitation method directly falls within the scope of the applications of reactive transport modelling to optimize uranium production and limit its associated environmental impact. We propose a modelling approach which is able to represent the natural evolution of an aquifer impacted by an ISR test performed using sulfuric acid.

Influence of clay minerals on pH and major cation concentrations in acid-leached sands: Column experiments and reactive-transport modeling.

A series of laboratory experiments are conducted to simulate the acidification and subsequent recovery of a sand aquifer exploited by in situ recovery (ISR) mining. A sulfuric acid solution (pH 2) is first injected into a column packed with sand from the Zoovch Ovoo uranium roll front deposit (Mongolia). Solutions representative of local groundwater or enriched in cations (Na, Mg) are then circulated through the column to simulate the inflow of aquifer water.

Green Solvents for Extraction of Natural Food Colorants from Plants: Selectivity and Stability Issues.

Consumers associate the color of food with its freshness and quality. More and more attention is being paid to natural colorants that bring additional health benefits to humans. Such natural substances are the carotenoids (yellow to orange), the anthocyanins (red to blue), and the betalains (red and yellow), which are very sensitive to exposure to light, air, high temperatures, and chemicals.

Menadione Contribution to the In Vitro Radical Scavenging Potential of Phytochemicals Naringenin and Lignin.

Vitamin K (menadione), classified as a pro-vitamin, is a synthetic form of the fat-soluble family of vitamin K compounds. The combination of the vitamin with other molecules sharing structural and/or functional similarities, such as naturally occurring polyphenols, vitamins, or biopolymers, could potentiate mutual improvement of their antioxidant activity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role and contribution of vitamin K to the in vitro radical scavenging capacity of double and triple combinations with the phytochemicals naringenin and lignin, as well as assess possible intermolecular interactions between the bioactive compounds.

Chemical and isotopic analyses of hydrocarbon-bearing fluid inclusions in olivine-rich rocks.

We examined the mineralogical, chemical and isotopic compositions of secondary fluid inclusions in olivine-rich rocks from two active serpentinization systems: the Von Damm hydrothermal field (Mid-Cayman Rise) and the Zambales ophiolite (Philippines). Peridotite, troctolite and gabbroic rocks in these systems contain abundant CH-rich secondary inclusions in olivine, with less abundant inclusions in plagioclase and clinopyroxene. Olivine-hosted secondary inclusions are chiefly composed of CH and minor H, in addition to secondary minerals including serpentine, brucite, magnetite and carbonates.

Abiotic methane synthesis and serpentinization in olivine-hosted fluid inclusions.

The conditions of methane (CH) formation in olivine-hosted secondary fluid inclusions and their prevalence in peridotite and gabbroic rocks from a wide range of geological settings were assessed using confocal Raman spectroscopy, optical and scanning electron microscopy, electron microprobe analysis, and thermodynamic modeling. Detailed examination of 160 samples from ultraslow- to fast-spreading midocean ridges, subduction zones, and ophiolites revealed that hydrogen (H) and CH formation linked to serpentinization within olivine-hosted secondary fluid inclusions is a widespread process. Fluid inclusion contents are dominated by serpentine, brucite, and magnetite, as well as CH and H in varying proportions, consistent with serpentinization under strongly reducing, closed-system conditions.

Experimental coccidiosis provoked by Eimeria acervulina in chicks simultaneously fed on ochratoxin A contaminated diet.

The progression of coccidiosis provoked by Eimeria acervulina was followed in chicks fed on OTA-contaminated as well as on OTA-free diets. More heavy progress of duodenal coccidiosis, including mortality, occurred in OTA-treated chicks as can be seen from the higher value of lesion (3.50) and oocyst (31.

Experimental cadmium poisoning in sheep.

Pathomorphological investigations of internal organs were made in sheep given sublethal doses of cadmium. Early histological damages in kidneys were established by renal biopsy in some experimental animals. The main histological changes were characterized by granular degeneration in proximal tubules and glomerular endothelial proliferation in kidneys, granular degeneration in hepatocytes, pericapillary oedema and activation of capillary endothelium and Kupffer cells in liver, oedematous and degenerative changes in cerebrum and in the region of Purkinje cells of cerebellum, hyperplasia and proliferation of alveolar epithelium and perivascular or peribronchial mononuclear cell infiltration in lung, and degenerative changes in the medulla and zona glomerulosa of adrenal glands.