Bidirectional associations between workplace bullying and sickness absence due to common mental disorders - a propensity-score matched cohort study.

Background: The link between workplace bullying and poor mental health is well-known. However, little is known about the prospective and potentially reciprocal association between workplace bullying and mental health-related sickness absence. This 2-year prospective study examined bidirectional associations between exposure to workplace bullying and sickness absence due to common mental disorders (SA-CMD) while controlling for confounding factors from both work and private life.

Ideal cardiovascular health and risk of death in a large Swedish cohort.

Background: Ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) can be assessed by 7 metrics: smoking, body mass index, physical activity, diet, hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes, proposed by the American Heart Association. We examined the association of ideal CVH metrics with risk of all-cause, CVD and non-CVD death in a large cohort.

Methods: A total of 29,557 participants in the Swedish National March Cohort were included in this study.

Risk of Death in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease Taking Nitrates and Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors.

Background: Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor (PDE5i) treatment for erectile dysfunction is associated with lower mortality compared with no treatment for erectile dysfunction after myocardial infarction (MI). There are conflicting results regarding the impact of PDE5i treatment on mortality in conjunction with nitrate medication.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between PDE5i treatment and cardiovascular outcomes in men with stable coronary artery disease treated with nitrate medication.

Parental death and initiation of antidepressant treatment in surviving children and youth: a national register-based matched cohort study.

Background: Population-based longitudinal studies on bereaved children and youth's mental health care use are scarce and few have assessed the role of surviving parents' mental health status.

Methods: Using register data of individuals born in Sweden in 1992-1999, we performed a matched cohort study (n = 117,518) on the association between parental death and subsequent initiation of antidepressant treatment among individuals bereaved at ages 7-24 years. We used flexible parametric survival models to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) over time after bereavement, adjusting for individual and parental factors.

Caregiving and changes in health-related behaviour.

Potential health risks for informal caregivers have been hypothesised to be partly related to adverse changes in health-related behaviour, but evidence is limited. We examined whether smoking, drinking, eating, physical activity or leisure pursuits change in relation to co-resident or out-of-home caregiving (for someone outside the household), and if associations differ by sex, educational attainment, and welfare state typology. We conducted a longitudinal study using six waves of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe, collecting data repeatedly from 2004 to 2017 for adults aged 50 years and older living in 17 European countries (57,962 individuals).

From SGAP-Model to SGAP-Score: A Simplified Predictive Tool for Post-Surgical Recurrence of Pheochromocytoma.

A reliable prediction of the recurrence risk of pheochromocytoma after radical surgery would be a key element for the tailoring/personalization of post-surgical follow-up. Recently, our group developed a multivariable continuous model that quantifies this risk based on genetic, histopathological, and clinical data. The aim of the present study was to simplify this tool to a discrete score for easier clinical use.

Dietary fat intake and risk of Parkinson disease: results from the Swedish National March Cohort.

Background: Following progressive aging of the population worldwide, the prevalence of Parkinson disease is expected to increase in the next decades. Primary prevention of the disease is hampered by limited knowledge of preventable causes. Recent evidence regarding diet and Parkinson disease is inconsistent and suggests that dietary habits such as fat intake may have a role in the etiology.

School Outcomes Among Children Following Death of a Parent.

Importance: To better support children with the experience of parental death, it is crucial to understand whether parental death increases the risk of adverse school outcomes.

Objectives: To examine whether parental death is associated with poorer school outcomes independent of factors unique to the family, and whether children of certain ages are particularly vulnerable to parental death.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This population-based sibling cohort study used Swedish national register-based longitudinal data with linkage between family members.

Development and internal validation of a predictive model for the estimation of pheochromocytoma recurrence risk after radical surgery.

Objective: Various features have been identified as predictors of relapse after complete resection of pheochromocytoma, but a comprehensive multivariable model for recurrence risk prediction is lacking. The aim of this study was to develop and internally validate an integrated predictive model for post-surgical recurrence of pheochromocytoma.

Methods: The present research retrospectively enrolled 177 patients affected by pheochromocytoma and submitted to radical surgery from 1990 to 2016, in nine referral centers for adrenal diseases.

Visual Acuity and the Risk of Cycling Injuries: Register-Based Cohort Study From Adolescence to Middle-age.

Background: Cycling is increasingly encouraged in many countries as an inexpensive and healthy choice of transportation. Operating any vehicle on the road requires high visual acuity, but few studies to our knowledge have examined the association between vision and cycling injuries.

Methods: We examined whether poorer visual acuity is associated with increased risk of fatal and nonfatal cycling injuries.

Association of Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors Versus Alprostadil With Survival in Men With Coronary Artery Disease.

Background: Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (PDE5i) treatment is associated with reduced mortality compared with no treatment for erectile dysfunction after myocardial infarction (MI).

Objectives: This study sought to investigate the association between treatment with PDE5i or alprostadil and outcomes in men with stable coronary artery disease.

Methods: All Swedish men with a prior MI or revascularization who received PDE5i or alprostadil during 2006 through 2013 at >6 months after the event were included, using the Swedish Patient Register and the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register.

Parental death in childhood and pathways to increased mortality across the life course in Stockholm, Sweden: A cohort study.

Background: Previous studies have shown that the experience of parental death during childhood is associated with increased mortality risk. However, few studies have examined potential pathways that may explain these findings. The aim of this study is to examine whether familial and behavioural factors during adolescence and socioeconomic disadvantages in early adulthood mediate the association between loss of a parent at age 0 to 12 and all-cause mortality by the age of 63.

Dietary antioxidants, non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity and the risk of osteoarthritis in the Swedish National March Cohort.

Purpose: Oxidative stress might play an important role in the development of osteoarthritis, but not much is known about the effect of antioxidants on osteoarthritis risk. We, therefore, aimed to investigate the effect of dietary vitamin C, E, beta-carotene, and non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity (NEAC), which measures overall antioxidant activity from the diet, on the risk of osteoarthritis.

Methods: For this study 43,865 men and women from the Swedish National March Cohort (SNMC) were followed for up to 19 years.

Dietary non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity and risk of stroke: The Swedish Women's Lifestyle and Health Cohort.

Objective: Consumption of antioxidant-rich foods has been associated with a reduced risk for stroke. However, antioxidant supplementation is not recommended owing to controversial findings reported in clinical trials. The aim of this study was to better understand the effect of dietary antioxidants by investigating the effect of dietary non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity (NEAC), reflecting the antioxidant potential of the whole diet, on the risk for stroke.

Predictors of recurrence of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma: a multicenter study in Piedmont, Italy.

The available data on the natural history of pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas after radical surgery are heterogeneous and discordant. The aim of our retrospective multicenter study was to find predictors of recurrence in patients with pheochromocytomas and sympathetic paragangliomas submitted to radical surgery in Piedmont (a region in northwest Italy). We collected data from 242 patients diagnosed between 1990 and 2016.

The Intergenerational Transmission of Early Childbearing: Examining Direct and Indirect Associations in a Swedish Birth Cohort.

. Research shows that early childbearing is associated negatively with educational attainment and socioeconomic status (SES). Children born to young versus older mothers often do less well in school, and many have early first births.

Dietary non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity and the risk of myocardial infarction: the Swedish National March Cohort.

Background: Results from randomized trials of antioxidant supplementation have cast doubt on observational data linking diets high in antioxidants to a reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases. We hypothesized that supplementation of one or a few antioxidants might not simulate the complex actions of all antioxidants in the human diet. We therefore investigated the association between dietary Non Enzymatic Antioxidant Capacity (NEAC), reflecting the antioxidant potential of the whole diet, and the risk of myocardial infarction (MI).

Sleep duration and mortality - Does weekend sleep matter?

Previous studies have found a U-shaped relationship between mortality and (weekday) sleep duration. We here address the association of both weekday and weekend sleep duration with overall mortality. A cohort of 43,880 subjects was followed for 13 years through record-linkages.

Body mass index, sitting time, and risk of Parkinson disease.

Objective: Causes of Parkinson disease are largely unknown, but recent evidence suggests associations with physical activity and anthropometric measures.

Methods: We prospectively analyzed a cohort of 41,638 Swedish men and women by detailed assessment of lifestyle factors at baseline in 1997. Complete follow-up until 2010 was achieved through linkage to population-based registers.

Sleep duration, mortality and the influence of age.

Prior work has shown that both short and long sleep predict mortality. However, sleep duration decreases with age and this may affect the relationship of sleep duration with mortality. The purpose of the present study was to assess whether the association between sleep duration and mortality varies with age.

Association between treatment for erectile dysfunction and death or cardiovascular outcomes after myocardial infarction.

Objective: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in healthy men. However, the association between treatment for ED and death or cardiovascular outcomes after a first myocardial infarction (MI) is unknown.

Methods: In a Swedish nationwide cohort study all men <80 years of age without prior MI, or cardiac revascularisation, hospitalised for MI during 2007-2013 were included.