Preoperative antibiotics reduce early surgical site infections after orthopaedic implant removal: a propensity-matched cohort study.

Background: Implant removal in orthopaedics after fracture consolidation is a very common procedure but is still associated with a high rate of surgical site infection (SSI). Antibiotic prophylaxis is not recommended but advocated by some.

Aim: To assess the efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis in the prevention of early SSI following orthopaedic implant removal.

Optimized testing strategy for the diagnosis of GAA-FGF14 ataxia/spinocerebellar ataxia 27B.

Dominantly inherited GAA repeat expansions in FGF14 are a common cause of spinocerebellar ataxia (GAA-FGF14 ataxia; spinocerebellar ataxia 27B). Molecular confirmation of FGF14 GAA repeat expansions has thus far mostly relied on long-read sequencing, a technology that is not yet widely available in clinical laboratories. We developed and validated a strategy to detect FGF14 GAA repeat expansions using long-range PCR, bidirectional repeat-primed PCRs, and Sanger sequencing.

Modified Colson flap with subcutaneous liposuction for one-stage donor site removal: A case series.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the functional and cosmetic results of an innovative procedure for modified Colson flap-graft consisting of immediate defatting of the flap by a liposuction cannula.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed among patients with deep hand burns requiring a modified Colson flap between 2018 and 2021. Outcomes included functional and cosmetic assessment of the hand through a quality-of-life questionnaire, a sensitivity scale and a scar assessment scale.

SORD-related peripheral neuropathy in a French and Swiss cohort: Clinical features, genetic analyses, and sorbitol dosages.

Background And Purpose: Biallelic variants in SORD have been reported as one of the main recessive causes for hereditary peripheral neuropathies such as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 (CMT2) and distal hereditary motor neuropathy (dHMN) resulting in lower limb (LL) weakness and muscular atrophy. In this study, phenotype and genotype landscapes of SORD-related peripheral neuropathies were described in a French and Swiss cohort. Serum sorbitol dosages were used to classify SORD variants.

Intraductal Carcinoma of the Prostate as a Cause of Prostate Cancer Metastasis: A Molecular Portrait.

Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P) is one of the most aggressive types of prostate cancer (PCa). IDC-P is identified in approximately 20% of PCa patients and is associated with recurrence, metastasis, and PCa-specific death. The main feature of this histological variant is the colonization of benign glands by PCa cells.

Dimensional reduction based on peak fitting of Raman micro spectroscopy data improves detection of prostate cancer in tissue specimens.

Significance: Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men. An accurate diagnosis of its severity at detection plays a major role in improving their survival. Recently, machine learning models using biomarkers identified from Raman micro-spectroscopy discriminated intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P) from cancer tissue with a ≥85  %   detection accuracy and differentiated high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) from IDC-P with a ≥97.

Multiplexed Plasmonic Nano-Labeling for Bioimaging of Cytological Stained Samples.

Reliable cytopathological diagnosis requires new methods and approaches for the rapid and accurate determination of all cell types. This is especially important when the number of cells is limited, such as in the cytological samples of fine-needle biopsy. Immunoplasmonic-multiplexed- labeling may be one of the emerging solutions to such problems.

Medical and surgical management of lower extremity war-related injuries. Experience of the French Military Health Service (FMHS).

Lower extremity war wounds are characterized by high-energy trauma occasioning loss of complex and pluritissular substances. The support pipeline put into place by the French defense health service (SSA) is designed to rapidly evacuate the injured person from the scene of injury to mainland France, following initial surgery in the framework of a sequential tactic known as "Damage Control Surgery". This strategy is aimed at stabilizing the traumatized individual and enabling his evacuation.

Identification of intraductal carcinoma of the prostate on tissue specimens using Raman micro-spectroscopy: A diagnostic accuracy case-control study with multicohort validation.

Background: Prostate cancer (PC) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in North American men. Pathologists are in critical need of accurate biomarkers to characterize PC, particularly to confirm the presence of intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P), an aggressive histopathological variant for which therapeutic options are now available. Our aim was to identify IDC-P with Raman micro-spectroscopy (RμS) and machine learning technology following a protocol suitable for routine clinical histopathology laboratories.

Blast injury of the hand related to warfare explosive devices: experience from the French Military Health Service.

Introduction: The objective was to report on the experience of the French Army Health Service in the management of blast injury of the hands related to warfare explosive devices.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in the Percy Military Hospital (role 4 medical treatment facility) among French soldiers who presented with a combat-related blast injury of the hand between 2002 and 2018. The functional result was assessed by the disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand (DASH) and the Orthotics and Prosthetics User Survey (OPUS, upper extremity functional status) scores.

Surgical Management of Mycetoma in Chad: Experience from the French Forward Surgical Team Deployed in N'Djamena.

Mycetoma is a disease that occurs in the mycetoma belt, between latitudes 15̊ south and 30̊ north. It affects disadvantaged regions with limited access to medical and health facilities. Its general principles of care have changed little and are poorly known.

Validation of the prognostic value of NF-κB p65 in prostate cancer: A retrospective study using a large multi-institutional cohort of the Canadian Prostate Cancer Biomarker Network.

Background: The identification of patients with high-risk prostate cancer (PC) is a major challenge for clinicians, and the improvement of current prognostic parameters is an unmet clinical need. We and others have identified an association between the nuclear localization of NF-κB p65 and biochemical recurrence (BCR) in PC in small and/or single-centre cohorts of patients.

Methods And Findings: In this study, we accessed 2 different multi-centre tissue microarrays (TMAs) representing cohorts of patients (Test-TMA and Validation-TMA series) of the Canadian Prostate Cancer Biomarker Network (CPCBN) to validate the association between p65 nuclear frequency and PC outcomes.

Risk factors and failures in the management of limb injuries in combat casualties.

Introduction: Treatment of war wounds is based on a sequential surgical strategy, which frequently faces therapeutic failures, which then burden the final functional result. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors of failure of the different treatments to prevent the therapeutic failure.

Methods: A monocentric case-control study was done on French war-wounded soldiers treated for an open fracture caused by an invasive war weapon.

Input of a Multi-Disciplinary Meeting in the Treatment of Osteoarticular Infections in French War Casualties.

Introduction: Extremity war-wounds present an elevated risk of infection and compromise reconstructive procedures. In a French military hospital, a multi-disciplinary meeting (MDM) was created to standardize the care given to soldiers with osteoarticular infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of MDM decisions.

Application of damage control orthopedics to combat-related hand injuries.

The purpose of this report was to analyze sequential management of patients with combat-related hand injuries in the Kabul International Airport Combat Support Hospital and to identify principles of hand damage control orthopedics (DCO). A retrospective study was conducted using the French Opex data system that included all the patients who received sequential treatment for combat-related hand injuries from 2009 to 2013. Demographics, mechanism, injury pattern, reasons for DCO application and surgical procedures performed during initial and definitive treatment were described.

Sequential management of tibial fractures using a temporary unicortical external fixator.

Introduction: The development of damage control orthopedics (DCO) procedures has led to the development of temporary unicortical external fixators (TUEFs) intended to limit deep infectious complications and facilitate early conversion to internal fixation.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in two French military trauma centers, including on patients being treated for tibial fractures with a TUEF (UNYCO - Orthofix) followed by an early conversion to intramedullary nailing.

Results: Eleven patients with an average age of 41 were included between September 2015 and June 2017.

Type III open tibia fractures in low-resources setting. Part 1: strategy and principles of limb salvage.

In developing countries, road traffic accidents result in many cases of open trauma, especially fractures, with the tibia area at particular risk in motorcycle crashes. Despite a high prevalence of severe leg trauma with multi-tissue injuries, few studies have focused on the challenge of their reconstruction in these limited-resource settings. The first part of this review presents the surgical strategy.

A Multi-Institutional Validation of Gleason Score Derived from Tissue Microarray Cores.

To test the agreement between high-grade PCa at RP and TMA, and the ability of TMA to predict BCR. Validation of concordance between tissue microarray (TMA) and radical prostatectomy (RP) high-grade prostate cancer (PCa) is crucial because latter determines the treated natural history of PCa. We hypothesized that TMA Gleason score is in agreement with RP pathology and capable of accurately predicting biochemical recurrence (BCR).

The impact of intraductal carcinoma of the prostate on the site and timing of recurrence and cancer-specific survival.

Background: To investigate the effect of intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P) in radical prostatectomy (RP) specimens in the context of the site of recurrence, time to recurrence, and cancer-specific survival in two academic cohorts of locally, regionally, or distantly recurrent prostate cancer.

Methods: Our cohort included men enrolled into two academic tissue repositories from 1993 to 2011, who were treated with first-line RP who later experienced local recurrence, regional recurrence, or distant metastasis (together termed clinical recurrence, CR). RP material was reviewed to identify IDC-P and to update grading to current standards.

Mesoscopic characterization of prostate cancer using Raman spectroscopy: potential for diagnostics and therapeutics.

Objective: To test if Raman spectroscopy (RS) is an appropriate tool for the diagnosis and possibly grading of prostate cancer (PCa).

Patients And Methods: Between 20 and 50 Raman spectra were acquired from 32 fresh and non-processed post-prostatectomy specimens using a macroscopic handheld RS probe. Each measured area was characterized and categorized according to histopathological criteria: tissue type (extraprostatic or prostatic); tissue malignancy (benign or malignant); cancer grade (Grade Groups [GGs] 1-5); and tissue glandular level.

Hematoxylin and Eosin Counterstaining Protocol for Immunohistochemistry Interpretation and Diagnosis.

Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining is a well-established technique in histopathology. However, immunohistochemistry (IHC) interpretation is done exclusively with hematoxylin counterstaining. Our goal was to investigate the potential of H&E as counterstaining (H&E-IHC) to allow for visualization of a marker while confirming the diagnosis on the same slide.

Development and characterization of a handheld hyperspectral Raman imaging probe system for molecular characterization of tissue on mesoscopic scales.

Purpose: Raman spectroscopy is a promising cancer detection technique for surgical guidance applications. It can provide quantitative information relating to global tissue properties associated with structural, metabolic, immunological, and genetic biochemical phenomena in terms of molecular species including amino acids, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acid (DNA). To date in vivo Raman spectroscopy systems mostly included probes and biopsy needles typically limited to single-point tissue interrogation over a scale between 100 and 500 microns.