[Pathology of congenital bromine deficit (experimental observation)].

Pathology of congenital bromine deficiency is described in a she-goat whose mother was kept for two years on a bromine deficient diet. Anomalies of the bones and joints of the anterior limbs, disturbances of carbohydrate, lipid and mineral metabolism in the form of liver, kidney and lymph nodes glycogenosis, liver fat degeneration, haemosiderosis of the liver, spleen and lungs were found. Moderate thymomegaly with hyperplasia of the cortex and an increase in the number of Hassal bodies, microcystic ovary transformation, adrenal adenomatosis, cheilitis, flossitis, focal proliferative extracapillary glomerulonephritis were also observed.

[Pathology of experimental hypocobaltosis in goats].

Histological changes in chronic experimental hypocobaltosis manifest as atrophic-degenerative alterations and restructuring of endocrine organs as well as a decrease in systemic resistance (accidental transformation of the thymus, duodenitis and sigmoiditis in some animals). Pronounced fat hepatosis and signs of iron metabolism damage (cheilitis, spleen siderosis) are found as well.

[Testing of extracted particles from winter rapeseed with different glucosinolate levels in swine with special reference to the iodine supply. 2. Thyroid hormone status, histomorphometric findings and iodine content of the thyroid gland].

In the experiment, 2 x 12 growing pigs received 19 or 6.7 mmol glucosinolates + aglucones/kg feed via conventional rapeseed meal (RSM) or RSM of a newly bred variety. These pigs and 24 littermates pair fed with a soya bean meal (SBM) diet were subdivided in groups of 4 animals each.

Trace element intake (zinc, manganese, copper, molybdenum, iodine and nickel) of humans in Thuringia and Brandenburg of the Fed. Rep. of Germany.

The daily dry matter intake of 56 test persons between 20 and 60 years of age from four geographic groups (Wusterhausen and Vetschau in Brandenburg; Jena and Bad Langensalza in Thuringia) was registered on 7 consecutive days by means of the duplicate method. The Zn, Mn, Cu, Mo, I and Ni content of food and beverage dry matter and the daily intake of these trace elements were determined. During the test period, the ration contained 24-29 mg zinc, 6.

Effect of varying glucosinolate and iodine intake via rapeseed meal diets on serum thyroid hormone level and total iodine in the thyroid in growing pigs.

In a trial with 50 fattening pigs (20 kg initial body weight), the effect of untreated rapeseed meal (RSM) (148 mmol glucosinolates and aglucones per kg dry matter) on the thyroid was compared with RSM treated with Cu2+ (9.5 mmol glucosinolates and aglucones per kg dry matter) and soybean meal (SBM). The diets containing 8% RSM were supplemented with 0.

The cadmium status of horses from central Europe depending on breed, sex, age and living area.

The Cd status of animals is best reflected by kidneys and much worse by liver and hair. Breed (heavy- and warm-blooded horses) only took an insignificant effect on the Cd content of kidneys and liver. On the average, however, warm-blooded horses stored more Cd than heavy ones.

The effect of selenium deficiency on reproduction and milk performance of goats.

Even with a high vitamin E offer, Se deficiency (less than 38 micrograms/kg DM of the ration) led to a 33% lower conception rate (P less than 0.05) in goats and to a greater than 50% lower number of kids on the 91st day of life. The Se deficiency reduced the milk production significantly by 23% during the first 56 days of lactation, the milk fat production by 11% and the milk protein production by 12%.

The effect of selenium deficiency on the feed consumption and growth of goats.

The feed consumption of goats was only reduced after considerable Se depletion. The conversion of Se-depleted animals to an Se-rich ration increased feed consumption within one day. An intrauterine Se deficiency (less than 38 micrograms Se/kg DM of the ration) did not induce intrauterine growth depression in kids.

[The effect of iodized mineral substance mixtures for cattle and swine on iodine requirements and struma prevention].

In the southern districts of the GDR the calculated iodine uptake of adults was 80 micrograms/day before the iodine supplementation of the mixtures of mineral substances and the packet kitchen salt. The iodine supplementation of the mixtures of mineral substances for cattle and pig tripled the iodine content of the milk or increased it fivefold in the county of Erfurt and doubled the proportion of iodine of the meat, the inner parts and the sausage produced from them. In a daily consumption of 0.

The influence of sulphur, molybdenum and cadmium exposure on the growth of goat, cattle and pig.

In growing billy goats, bulls and heifers, the supplementation of 10 g elementary S/kg ration dry matter reduced the daily weight gain by about 15%. The offer of 10 g S and 10 mg Mo/kg ration did not intensify growth depression. It occurred, however, when 10 g S were applied together with 3 mg Cd.

[Iodine deficiency in ruminants. 1. The iodine content of feed, plants and drinking water].

Dependent on the species, feedstuffs and plants differ considerably in their iodine content. Among the I-poorest feedstuffs there are grain concentrates, extracted soybean and rapeseed oil meals, mixed feed (without I-containing mineral mixture) and grasses. The I content of the plants decreases with proceeding growth.

[The iodine status in the puerperium and in newborn infants].

In this paper we report about the actual supply of iodine of women in childbred determining iodine levels in serum and milk of the mothers. No significant differences were found between women without, with treated or with untreated goitre. In early childbred and 4 weeks after birth the iodine in milk amounts to about the half of the maternal serum level and does not further increase with continuation of nursing.

Nickel--an essential element.

Nickel is necessary for the biosynthesis of the hydrogenase, carbon monoxide dehydrogenase, and of factor F 430, found in a number of genera of bacteria. Urease from jack beans and several species of plants is also a nickel protein. These plant enzyme systems can affect animals via the microbiological digestion of food in the rumen.

[Iodine metabolism. 2. Effect of iodine deficiency on reproduction and the development of progeny of goats and miniature pigs].

The influence of J-deficiency on reproduction was tested in model experiments with goats and mini pigs, partly through several reproduction cycles including the descendants after intra-uterine depletion as well. The effect of 0.05 mg J/kg dry matter in the concentrated feed (total ration 0.

[Investigation of iodine metabolism. 1. The influence of iodine deficiency of the feed consumption and the development of the live weight of goats and dwarf pigs].

With goats and dwarf pigs two experiments were made with semi-synthetic rations. The influence of insufficient (0.05 resp.

[Excessive iron administration to sheep. 2. The effect on the iron, copper, zinc and manganese level in different organs].

Lambs received 250, 1000 and 1750 mg Fe per kg concentrate dry matter. The Fe-supplementations caused the Fe-levels of spleen, liver, kidneys and ribs to rise significantly. Liver and spleen reflected most markedly the high Fe-supply.

[Nickel--an essential trace element. 3. Effect of nickel deficiency on reproductive performance in female animals].

A total of 26 Ni-deficient (less than 100 ppm Ni in the ration) breeding goats and their 30 kids and 24 corresponding control goats with 37 kids were used to investigate, over 6 experimental years, the influence of Ni-deficiency on the reproductive performance until weaning. Following the same arrangement, 7 and 6 mini sows, respectively, and their piglets (71 and 67) were studied. The following statistically secured results were obtained.

[Nickel--an essential trace element. 1. Influence of the supply of nickel on live weight gains, food consumption and body composition of growing pigs and goats].

Pigs and goats were used in long-term trials to investigate in which way supplements of 100 mug Ni per kg of a semisynthetic diet (control rations: 10 mg Ni per kg of the diet) would influence the rate of weight gains and food consumption and the body composition of the animals. A significant decline in the rate of weight increase was noted in the Ni-deficient animals. Ni-supplements added to the diet (10 mg/kg) increased the weight gains by 21% (goats) and 13% (pigs).

[Supply of trace elements to ruminants in the German Democratic Republic. 3. Supply of zinc].

The supply of zinc to ruminants as influenced by and depending upon the geological origin of soils was investigated using the hair test and the technique of indicator plants. A total of 1276 samples of red meadow clover and 3022 samples of red field clover and 4184 hair specimens from cows were analyzed. The following statistically well-established results were obtained which appear to be generalizable: Red meadow clover contained significantly more Zn than red field clover (48 ppm/38 ppm).

Trace element supply to ruminants in the German Democratic Republic. 2. Supply of copper.

The supply of copper to ruminants as influenced by and depending on the geological origin of soils was investigated in different parts of the GDR by using the hair test. Red clovers (meadow clover and field clover) were used as indicator plants. The following results were obtained: Data on the Cu content of clovers grown on soils of the same geological origin were found to correlate with r = 0,81.