Direct high-performance liquid chromatography determination of propofol and its metabolite quinol with their glucuronide conjugates and preliminary pharmacokinetics in plasma and urine of man.

Propofol (P) is metabolized in humans by oxidation to 1,4-di-isopropylquinol (Q). P and Q are in turn conjugated with glucuronic acid to the respective glucuronides, propofol glucuronide (Pgluc), quinol-1-glucuronide (Q1G) and quinol-4-glucuronide (Q4G). Propofol and quinol with their glucuronide conjugates can be measured directly by gradient high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis without enzymic hydrolysis.

The influence of the concentration of volatile anesthetics on the stapedius reflex determined intraoperatively during cochlear implantation in children.

Objective: The goal of this study was, first, to determine the effect of the concentrations of volatile anesthetics (halothane and isoflurane) on the intraoperative elicited electrical stapedius reflex threshold (ESRT) and, second, to evaluate the relation between the ESRTs and postoperative C-levels.

Study Design: This was a prospective clinical study in a single subject design.

Setting: The study was conducted at University Hospital Nijmegen, which is a tertiary care and cochlear implant center in The Netherlands.

[Sluder's adenotonsillectomy: with or without endotracheal intubation?].

Objective: To assess differences in results and complications of adenotonsillectomy according to Sluder in children anaesthesized with or without endotracheal intubation.

Design: Retrospective descriptive study.

Setting: Ear, Nose and Throat department, Academic Hospital Nijmegen, the Netherlands.

Anaesthesia for laparoscopy. A comparison of five techniques including propofol, etomidate, thiopentone and isoflurane.

This is a report about five anaesthetic techniques for laparoscopy. Propofol and etomidate were used for total intravenous anaesthesia. Propofol, etomidate and thiopentone were used as induction agents prior to inhalational anaesthesia with isoflurane and nitrous oxide.

Comparison of etomidate and propofol for anaesthesia in microlaryngeal surgery.

Propofol and etomidate were compared as hypnotics in total intravenous anaesthesia for microlaryngeal surgery combined with jet ventilation. Two groups of 15 patients were studied. In group 1, propofol 2.

Propofol emulsion for induction and maintenance of anaesthesia. A combined technique of general and regional anaesthesia.

To provide general anaesthesia with endotracheal intubation during regional blockades, three dose regimens of propofol emulsion were studied: induction 2 mg kg-1, infusion rate 9 mg kg-1 h-1 (Group 1); induction 2.5 mg kg-1, infusion rate 12 mg kg-1 h-1 (Group 2); induction 2.5 mg kg-1, infusion rate 9 mg kg-1 (Group 3).

Propofol ('Diprivan') emulsion for total intravenous anaesthesia.

Propofol as an hypnotic in combination with fentanyl and vecuronium was used for total intravenous anaesthesia in 30 healthy unpremedicated patients undergoing elective surgery scheduled to last no longer than 1 h. Induction with propofol 2 mg/kg and fentanyl 1.875 micrograms/kg resulted in cessation of counting after 39 s and the loss of the eyelash reflex after 57 s.

Lack of effects of emulsified propofol ('Diprivan') on vecuronium pharmacodynamics--preliminary results in man.

The possible interaction between vecuronium and propofol or thiopentone has been investigated. Cumulative dose response curves for vecuronium and the pharmacodynamic variables measured were similar with both anaesthetic agents. Patients were intubated following the topical application of lignocaine to the larynx and before the administration of vecuronium.