A Comprehensive Study of Lupin Seed Oils and the Roasting Effect on Their Chemical and Biological Activity.

The present investigation aimed to study the impact of roasting on the chemical composition and biological activities of sweet and bitter lupin seed oils. Lupin oils were extracted using petroleum ether (40-60) with ultrasonic assisted method. Lupin Fatty acids, phytosterols, carotenoids, and total phenolic contents were determined.

Prevention of Aflatoxin Occurrence Using Nuts-Edible Coating of Ginger Oil Nanoemulsions and Investigate the Molecular Docking Strategy.

The modern utilization of essential oils such as ginger oil (GO) as an anti-aflatoxin represents a potential target for food preservation and safety; however, the mechanism of action is still unclear. Nanoemulsions, through an edible coating, can enhance the oil’s bioactivity, increase its hydrophilicity, and extend the final product’s shelf-life. In the present study, two edible films for the GO nanoemulsion were prepared by ultrasonication using carboxymethyl cellulose (FB1-GO) and sodium alginate (FB2-GO).

Bioactive Molecules of Mandarin Seed Oils Diminish Mycotoxin and the Existence of Fungi.

Mandarin is a favorite fruit of the citrus family. Mandarin seeds are considered a source of nontraditional oil obtained from byproduct materials. This investigation aimed to assess the biomolecules of mandarin seeds and evaluated their antimycotic and antimycotoxigenic impact on fungi.

Expression Patterns of miR398, miR167, and miR159 in the Interaction between Bread Wheat ( L.) and Pathogenic and Beneficial Fungi.

Bread wheat (  L.) is an agronomically significant cereal cultivated worldwide. Wheat breeding is limited by numerous abiotic and biotic stresses.

The Presence of Mycotoxins in Human Amniotic Fluid.

Mycotoxin exposure assessments through biomonitoring studies, based on the analysis of amniotic fluid, provides useful information about potential exposure of mothers and fetuses to ubiquitous toxic metabolites that are routinely found in food and the environment. In this study, amniotic fluid samples (n = 86) were collected via abdominal amniocentesis at 15-22 weeks of gestation from pregnant women with a high risk of chromosomal anomalies or genetic fetal defects detected during 1st trimester prenatal screening. These samples were analyzed for the presence of the most typical , and mycotoxins, with a focus on aflatoxins, ochratoxins and trichothecenes, using the LC-FLD/DAD method.

and Associated with Maize Seeds and Their Potential to Form Selected Secondary Metabolites.

The occurrence and diversity of and in maize seeds and their role in this cereal are poorly understood. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate and communities found in endosphere of maize seeds collected from fields in Poland and their potential to form selected bioactive substances. The sequencing of the internally transcribed spacer regions 1 (ITS 1) and 2 (ITS2) and the large-subunit (LSU, 28S) of the rRNA gene cluster resulted in the identification of 17 strains, three and five isolates.

Occurrence of Mycotoxigenic Species and Competitive Fungi on Preharvest Maize Ear Rot in Poland.

Maize has become one of the most important crops for food and feed production-both as a silage and crop residue worldwide. The present study aimed to identify the co-occurrence of , , , and on maize ear rot. Further, the accumulation of mycotoxins as secondary metabolites of spp.

Diversity and mycotoxin production by Fusarium temperatum and Fusarium subglutinans as causal agents of pre-harvest Fusarium maize ear rot in Poland.

Maize ear rot is a common disease found worldwide, caused by several toxigenic Fusarium species. Maize ears and kernels infected by Fusarium subglutinans contained significant amounts of beauvericin, fusaproliferin, moniliformin, and enniatins. In 2011, F.

Suppressive Effect of Trichoderma spp. on toxigenic Fusarium species.

The aim of the present study was to examine the abilities of twenty-four isolates belonging to ten different Trichoderma species (i.e., Trichoderma atroviride, Trichoderma citrinoviride, Trichoderma cremeum, Trichoderma hamatum, Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma koningiopsis, Trichoderma longibrachiatum, Trichoderma longipile, Trichoderma viride and Trichoderma viridescens) to inhibit the mycelial growth and mycotoxin production by five Fusarium strains (i.

The role of wastewater treatment in reducing pollution of surface waters with zearalenone.

Zearalenone (ZEA) is a mycotoxin produced by some Fusarium species in food and feed. The toxicity of ZEA and its metabolites is related to the chemical structure of the mycotoxin, which is similar to naturally occurring oestrogens. Currently, there is increasing awareness of the presence of fungi and their toxic metabolites in the aquatic environment.

Zearalenone lactonohydrolase activity in Hypocreales and its evolutionary relationships within the epoxide hydrolase subset of a/b-hydrolases.

Background: Zearalenone is a mycotoxin produced by several species of Fusarium genus, most notably Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium culmorum. This resorcylic acid lactone is one of the most important toxins causing serious animal and human diseases. For over two decades it has been known that the mycoparasitic fungus Clonostachys rosea (synonym: Gliocladium roseum, teleomorph: Bionectria ochroleuca) can detoxify zearalenone, however no such attributes have been described within the Trichoderma genus.

Zearalenone contamination of the aquatic environment as a result of its presence in crops.

The aim of this study was to establish a relation between zearalenone contamination of crops in the Polish province of Wielkopolska and its occurrence in aquatic ecosystems close by the crop fields. Water samples were collected from water bodies such as drainage ditches, wells, or watercourses located in four agricultural areas. Moreover, control water samples were collected from the Bogdanka river, which was located outside the agricultural areas and near an urban area.

Polymorphism of mycotoxin biosynthetic genes among Fusarium equiseti isolates from Italy and Poland.

Fusarium equiseti (Corda) Saccardo is a soil saprophyte and a weak pathogen, associated with several diseases of fruit and other crops in subtropical and tropical areas, but also in countries with temperate climate. A wide range of secondary metabolites has been identified among natural F. equiseti populations, with zearalenone (ZEA), fusarochromanone and fusarenon-X being the most common.

Reaction of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars to infection with Fusarium spp.: mycotoxin contamination in grain and chaff.

This study compares the susceptibility of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars to Fusarium head blight (FHB) and accumulation of mycotoxins in kernels and chaff under different climatic conditions in two locations-Cerekwica near Poznan (Central West Poland) and Sitaniec, near Zamosc, Lublin region (South East Poland). Very high variations were found in the concentrations of mycotoxins (zearalenone, ZEA; nivalenol, NIV; deoxynivalenol, DON; moniliformin, MON) in examined fractions: Fusarium-damaged kernels (FDK) and healthy looking kernels (HLK) and in chaff for individual cultivars in both locations.

Mycotoxins and mycotoxicoses under climatic conditions of Poland.

Ochratoxin A (OA), zearalenone (ZON), moniliformin (MON) as well as trichotecenes and fumonisines (FUM) are naturally occurring contaminants of cereals and animal feed. They pose a health risk not only to humans but also to livestock and, as a consequence, may cause economical losses either due to unfavorable effects on domestic animals themselves or to an increased potential for health effects in human beings consuming mycotoxin-contaminated edible animal products. At present, large-scale studies are carried out in EU countries to determine a safe, admissible concentration of these toxins in cereals and their processed products.

Occurrence of estrogenic mycotoxin - Zearalenone in aqueous environmental samples with various NOM content.

Zearalenone is a mycotoxin produced by some Fusarium species in food and feed. Toxicity of ZEA and its metabolites is related to the chemical structure of the mycotoxins, similar to naturally occurring estrogens. Currently, there is increasing awareness of the significance of fungi and their toxic metabolites in water.

Organic micropollutants degradation in ozone-loaded system with perfluorinated solvent.

In order to provide higher ozonation process efficiency, new methods of advanced oxidation have been investigated. One of them is two-phase ozonation, sometimes called as ozone-loaded system. In this study, the solubility and stability of ozone in Fluorinet FC40 as well as the influence of pH and contact time on diffusion rate of oxidant from saturated FC40 phase to water was examined.