Protein and Oil Contents, Micro- and Macronutrients, and Other Quality Indicators of Soybean Cultivated in Lowland Fields.

The cultivation of soybean is being expanded in traditional areas cultivated with rice, called the lowlands. However, soil characteristics are different from those in the highlands, which influences the exportation of nutrients to the grains. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the physical-chemical and technological characteristics of soybean grains harvested in lowlands in Brazil.

Maternal concentrations of perfluoroalkyl sulfonates and alterations in white matter microstructure in the developing brains of young children.

Background: Maternal exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) has been linked to child neurodevelopmental difficulties. Neuroimaging research has linked these neurodevelopmental difficulties to white matter microstructure alterations, but the effects of PFAS on children's white matter microstructure remains unclear. We investigated associations between maternal blood concentrations of six common perfluoroalkyl sulfonates and white matter alterations in young children using longitudinal neuroimaging data.

Screening for rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease-a Delphi-based consensus statement.

Objective: Rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD) is a major driver of premature mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Detection of RA-ILD is crucial but requires awareness among the treating physicians. To date, however, there is no international recommendation concerning screening for ILD in RA patients.

The effects of prenatal bisphenol A exposure on brain volume of children and young mice.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a synthetic chemical used for the manufacturing of plastics, epoxy resin, and many personal care products. This ubiquitous endocrine disruptor is detectable in the urine of over 80% of North Americans. Although adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes have been observed in children with high gestational exposure to BPA, the effects of prenatal BPA on brain structure remain unclear.

[Value of CT and transthoracic lung ultrasound in patients with systemic sclerosis : Joint statement of the ÖRG/ÖGP/ÖGR/ÖGUM].

Lung involvement is the most frequent cause of death in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). As lung involvement is frequently asymptomatic, the current recommendation is to carry out thoracic computed tomography (CT) in all patients newly diagnosed with SSc. There is currently disagreement on how patients with SSc for whom no lung involvement was found at the time of diagnosis, should be followed up.

Dietary induction of obesity and insulin resistance is associated with changes in Fgf21 DNA methylation in liver of mice.

DNA methylation is dynamically regulated in metabolic diseases, but it remains unclear whether the changes are causal or consequential. Therefore, we used a longitudinal approach to refine the onset of metabolic and DNA methylation changes at high temporal resolution. Male C57BL/6N mice were fed with 60 % high-fat diet (HFD) for up to 12 weeks and metabolically characterized weekly.

Effects of cultivars and fertilization levels on the quality of rice milling: A diagnosis using near-infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy.

Cultivars and fertilization levels influence rice productivity and can be associated with grain quality. Thus, it is possible to make decisions regarding the choice of cultivars and application of fertilizer levels based on the type of milling, a necessary post-harvest process that may minimize the nutrient load in the grains and result in loss in quality. This study relates the physicochemical composition and morphological quality of brown and polished milled rice grains, cultivar types, and different levels of soil fertilization using near-infrared spectroscopy analysis, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy.

Subcortical brain structure in children with developmental coordination disorder: A T1-weighted volumetric study.

Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder occurring in 5-6% of school-aged children. Converging evidence suggests that dysfunction within cortico-striatal and cortico-cerebellar networks may contribute to motor deficits in DCD, yet limited research has examined the brain morphology of these regions. Using T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging the current study investigated cortical and subcortical volumes in 37 children with DCD, aged 8 to 12 years, and 48 controls of a similar age.

Association between breastfeeding during infancy and white matter microstructure in early childhood.

Introduction: Associations between breastfeeding and brain development, in the context of child, perinatal, and sociodemographic variables, remain unclear. This study investigated whether exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months and total duration of breastfeeding were associated with brain white matter microstructure in young children.

Methods: This study included 85 typically developing children (42 males) born to 83 mothers that were predominantly white, highly educated, and in high income households.

White matter alterations in young children with prenatal alcohol exposure.

Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) can lead to cognitive, behavioural, and social-emotional challenges. Previous neuroimaging research has identified structural brain alterations in newborns, older children, adolescents, and adults with PAE; however, little is known about brain structure in young children. Extensive brain development occurs during early childhood; therefore, understanding the neurological profiles of young children with PAE is critical for early identification and effective intervention.

Unimanual and bimanual motor performance in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) provide evidence for underlying motor control deficits.

Much of our understanding of motor control deficits in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) comes from upper limb assessments focusing on the dominant limb. Here, using two robotic behavioural tasks, we investigated motor control in both the dominant and non-dominant limbs of children with DCD. Twenty-six children with diagnosed DCD (20 males; mean age 10.

Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Motor Function in Children 8-12 Years With Developmental Coordination Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a neurodevelopmental motor disorder occurring in 5-6% of school-aged children. It is suggested that children with DCD show deficits in motor learning. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) enhances motor learning in adults and children but is unstudied in DCD.

Amygdala-Prefrontal Structural Connectivity Mediates the Relationship between Prenatal Depression and Behavior in Preschool Boys.

Prenatal depression is common, underrecognized, and undertreated. It has negative consequences on child behavior and brain development, yet the relationships among prenatal depression, child behavior, and children's brain structure remain unclear. The aim of this study was to determine whether altered brain connectivity mediates relationships between prenatal maternal depressive symptoms and child behavior.

Epigenetic Downregulation of FASN in Visceral Adipose Tissue of Insulin Resistant Subjects.

Objective: The risk to develop type 2 diabetes increases with the amount of visceral adiposity presumably due to increased lipolysis and subsequent lipid accumulation in visceral organs. However, data describing the molecular regulation of these pathways in humans are rare. We tested if genes of the lipogenic and lipolytic pathways are associated with glucose intolerance independently of obesity in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) of obese subjects.

White matter microstructure mediates the association between prenatal exposure to phthalates and behavior problems in preschool children.

Background: Previous research reports associations between prenatal exposure to phthalates and childhood behavior problems; however, the neural mechanisms that may underlie these associations are relatively unexplored.

Objective: This study examined microstructural white matter as a possible mediator of the associations between prenatal phthalate exposure and behavior problems in preschool-aged children.

Methods: Data are from a subsample of a prospective pregnancy cohort, the Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition (APrON) study (n = 76).

Two types of memory-based (pantomime) reaches distinguished by gaze anchoring in reach-to-grasp tasks.

Comparisons of target-based reaching vs memory-based (pantomime) reaching have been used to obtain insight into the visuomotor control of reaching. The present study examined the contribution of gaze anchoring, reaching to a target that is under continuous gaze, to both target-based and memory-based reaching. Participants made target-based reaches for discs located on a table or food items located on a pedestal or they replaced the objects.

Prenatal maternal and childhood bisphenol a exposure and brain structure and behavior of young children.

Background: Bisphenol A (BPA) is commonly used in the manufacture of plastics and epoxy resins. In North America, over 90% of the population has detectable levels of urinary BPA. Human epidemiological studies have reported adverse behavioral outcomes with BPA exposure in children, however, corresponding effects on children's brain structure have not yet been investigated.

Structural and functional asymmetry of the language network emerge in early childhood.

Structural and functional neuroimaging studies show language and reading processes are left-lateralized, and associated with a dispersed group of left brain regions. However, it is unclear when and how asymmetry of these regions emerges. We characterized the development of structural and functional asymmetry of the language network in 386 datasets from 117 healthy children (58 male) across early childhood (2-7.

Critical evaluation of the DNA-methylation markers ABCG1 and SREBF1 for Type 2 diabetes stratification.

Validation of epigenome-wide association studies is sparse. Therefore, we evaluated the methylation markers cg06500161 () and cg11024682 () as classifiers for diabetes stratification. DNA methylation was measured in blood (n = 167), liver (n = 99) and visceral adipose tissue (n = 99) of nondiabetic or Type 2 diabetic subjects by bisulfite pyrosequencing.

Microstructural neuroimaging of white matter tracts in persistent post-concussion syndrome: A prospective controlled cohort study.

Introduction: Children with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) typically recover quickly, however approximately 15% experience persistent post-concussive symptoms (PPCS) past 3 months. The microstructural pathology associated with underlying persistent symptoms is poorly understood but is suggested to involve axonal injury to white matter tracts. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) can be used to visualize and characterize damage to white matter microstructure of the brain.

Global and regional white matter development in early childhood.

White matter development continues throughout childhood and into early adulthood, but few studies have examined early childhood, and the specific trajectories and regional variation in this age range remain unclear. The aim of this study was to characterize developmental trajectories and sex differences of white matter in typically developing young children. Three hundred and ninety-six diffusion tensor imaging datasets from 120 children (57 male) aged 2-8 years were analyzed using tractography.

Reduced expression of thyroid hormone receptor β in human nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.

Hepatic thyroid hormone signaling has an important role in the development and progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). While the systemic levels of thyroid hormone might remain stable, there is evidence that the intracellular signaling machinery consisting of transporters, deiodinases and receptors could be altered in NASH. However, clinical material from human liver biopsies of individuals with NASH has not been studied to date.

Corpus callosum microstructure is associated with motor function in preschool children.

The preschool period is a time of significant physical and behavioral growth, including the improvement of gross and fine motor skills. Although motor development has been comprehensively mapped from infancy to adulthood, the neural correlates associated with motor advancements during early childhood remain unclear. The current study used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to delineate key motor pathways and characterize their relationships with motor performance in 80 typically developing preschool children, aged 3-6 years.

[Uterine inversion: about a case].

Uterine inversion is a rare but potentially serious complication of labour characterized by "glove-finger" introflexion of the uterine body protruding into the vagina or out of the vulva. This disease commonly occurs just after delivery and it is characterized by severe pain associated with hemorrhagic shock. The diagnosis is essentially based on clinical examination and must be immediate in order to allow quick reinversion before the formation of a constriction ring.

Limited heat-shock protein 72 induction in Caco-2 cells by L-glutamine.

Background/aims: L-glutamine (L-gln) is a conditionally essential amino acid which is consumed by certain tissues like the intestine in large amounts as energy source during critical illness. Apart from nutritive action, recent data suggest a link to heat-shock protein (hsp) induction. We investigated the effect of L-gln on hsp72 expression in the intestinal cell line Caco-2 under basal and heat-shock conditions and compared it with related amino acids.