Novel online infusate-assisted dialysis system performs microbiologically safely.

Administration of adequate amounts of commercial infusion fluids renders modern convective dialysis modalities, such as hemodiafiltration, labor-intensive and costly. Preparation of infusate by cold sterilization of dialysis fluid, which is abundantly available, and its immediate (online) use, in contrast, enables a large volume fluid exchange in a cost-effective manner. Recent developments aimed at more hygienic and user-friendly online systems with increased operational flexibility.