Risk Factors and Stroke Subtyping in Young Adults: A Study From a Tertiary Care Hospital in South India.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the risk factors and stroke subtypes for young ischemic stroke patients and their outcomes at the time of discharge.

Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study of ischemic stroke patients (n = 264) between the age groups of 18 and 45. The study population was divided into two broad age groups: 18 to 35 years and 36 to 45 years; and compared based on demographics, risk factors, the Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) classification, and outcomes.

COVID-19 Infection in Multiple Sclerosis Patients Treated with Rituximab Compared to Natalizumab and Healthy Controls: A Real-World Multicenter Study.

Introduction: The impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection on patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) undergoing various immunomodulating therapies can vary. Individuals on B-cell therapy, such as rituximab, may be more susceptible to infection compared to those treated with natalizumab.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the incidence and severity of COVID-19 infection in patients receiving rituximab, natalizumab, and healthy controls.

Inpatient Burden of Neurological Disorders: A Route Map for Allocation of Resources and Postgraduate Training.

Introduction There are limited data regarding the profile of inpatient neurological disorders in India. Understanding the spectrum of diseases and the profile of patients admitted in an inpatient setting will help to streamline services, allocate resources, develop management protocols, design curricula, and improve training programs of postgraduate students in neurology training. Objective The objective of this study is to study the profile of inpatient neurological disorders in 1000 consecutive patients admitted to a tertiary care neurological center.

Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization for the Management of Chronic Subdural Hematoma.

Introduction Chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) results from neovascularization of the subdural capsular membrane and embolization of the Middle Meningeal Artery (MMA) helps inhibit the same and prevent recurrence. Materials and methods We retrospectively reviewed the endovascular management for chronic SDH in 29 patients between 2018 to 2022. The parameters analyzed were clinical history, radiologic imaging findings, procedure details, and angiographic and clinical outcomes.

MRI brain findings of Abamectin toxic encephalopathy: a case report with review of literature.

Abamectin is an insecticidal/miticidal compound derived from the soil bacterium "Streptomyces avermitilis". Abamectin toxicity in humans is very rare. We present a case of acute neurotoxicity induced by Abamectin, showcasing distinctive MRI brain findings in a 33-year-old female who exhibited a favourable recovery with the aid of supportive care.

Endovascular management of cerebral venous thrombosis: a tertiary-centre experience.

Background: Stroke related to cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is uncommon, with untoward lethal outcomes. Systemic anticoagulation is the treatment of choice. However, some patients can be resistant to this treatment.

Transcutaneous electrical stimulation of auricular branch of the vagus nerve effectively and rapidly modulates the EEG patterns in patients with possible electrographic status epilepticus.

Background: Invasive vagal nerve stimulation (iVNS) is a known treatment approach for patients with refractory epilepsy. Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) was developed to overcome the side effects and surgical complications of iVNS. tVNS is proven beneficial in refractory epilepsy.

A real world multi center study on efficacy and safety of natalizumab in Indian patients with multiple sclerosis.

Background: Natalizumab (NTZ) is increasingly being used in Indian multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. There are no reports on its safety and efficacy, especially with respect to the occurrence of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML).

Objectives: To describe the patient characteristics, treatment outcomes, and adverse events, especially the occurrence of PML in NTZ-treated patients.

Substance use related cluster headache: A case series.

Background: Essential oils (EOs) with pro-convulsant properties are known to cause seizures and may worsen migraine. Here we report five cases of cluster headache (CH) secondary to the usage of toothpastes containing pro-convulsant EOs.

Methods: Patients were identified from the headache clinics of three tertiary care hospitals in south India.

Neurology Exit Examination System in India: A Survey of Examiners' Perceptions and Recommendations.

Background: The traditional Neurology exit examination in India has remained unchanged over the last few decades. In developed countries, objective evaluation methods have replaced the traditional ones. A need for such methods has not been explored in India.

Characteristics of Headache in Children Presenting to Ophthalmology Services in a Tertiary Care Center of South India.

Introduction: Headache is a common cause of disability worldwide and can disrupt the education and social life of children. Children regularly present to ophthalmologists with headache. So, we aimed to describe the characteristics of headache in children presenting to the ophthalmology outpatient department (OPD) in our center.

Clinical and Radiological Profile of Cerebrovascular Disease in Polycythemia: Analysis of Neurologic Manifestations from a Tertiary Center in South India.

Purpose: Patients with polycythemia, either primary or secondary, are at elevated risk for thrombotic complications, including stroke. We aimed to investigate the clinical and radiological characteristics of cerebrovascular disease (CVD) in polycythemia, and describe other neurologic manifestations.

Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional study of patients diagnosed with polycythemia between 2014 and 2019 at a tertiary care center and collected relevant medical data with a special focus on cerebrovascular disease and neurologic manifestations.

Headaches associated with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection: A prospective cross-sectional study.

Objectives: The prevalence and characteristics of COVID-19-related headaches are not known in Indian patients. We aim to determine the prevalence and characteristics of headache in COVID-19-infected individuals and make a comparison with those without headaches.

Methods: This prospective cross-sectional observational study was conducted from 1 October to 31 October 2020.

Effective Early Treatment of AChR Antibody-Positive Myasthenia Gravis with Rituximab; the Experience from a Neuroimmunology Clinic in a Developing Country.

Background: Rituximab is reserved for treating refractory myasthenia gravis (MG) patients. Here we report our experience with rituximab in AChR antibody positive generalized MG (gMG) and impending myasthenic crisis (IMC).

Methods: This retrospective, observational study, conducted at a tertiary care, neuroimmunology clinic, analyzed the data of patients with AChR antibody positive gMG, treated with rituximab between 1st January 2016 and 30th October 2018.

Essential oil related seizures (EORS): A multi-center prospective study on essential oils and seizures in adults.

Objective: Essential oils (EOs) like eucalyptus and camphor have pro-convulsant properties. These EOs are present in many over- the- counter balms and oils. The effect of exposure to these EOs and occurrence of seizure is not systematically studied.

Essential oil-related status epilepticus: A small case series study.

Objective: Essential oils are plant-derived oils and are widely used as an over-the-counter remedy for common ailments. Many essential oils are found to have proconvulsant effects. Here we report a small case series of 3 adults with eseential oil-related status epilepticus.

COVID-19-related strokes are associated with increased mortality and morbidity: A multicenter comparative study from Bengaluru, South India.

Background: COVID-19-related strokes are increasingly being diagnosed across the world. Knowledge about the clinical profile, imaging findings, and outcomes is still evolving. Here we describe the characteristics of a cohort of 62 COVID-19-related stroke patients from 13 hospitals, from Bangalore city, south India.

Efficacy and safety of rituximab in multiple sclerosis: Experience from a developing country.

Background: Rituximab is increasingly being used in treatment of multiple Sclerosis (MS) in our centers due to its easy availability, efficacy and favorable side effect profile. Here we describe experience with rituximab over a period of 4 years from three MS centers from south India.

Methods: The data of MS patients who were treated with rituximab in three MS centers at Bangalore, India, from December 2015 to December 2019 were collected and evaluated with respect to relapse rate, EDSS score and adverse events.

A statistical model for stroke outcome prediction and treatment planning.

Stroke is a major cause of mortality and long-term disability in the world. Predictive outcome models in stroke are valuable for personalized treatment, rehabilitation planning and in controlled clinical trials. We design a new multi-class classification model to predict outcome in the short-term, the putative therapeutic window for several treatments.