[Endocrine and psychosomatic disorders in patients with amenorrhea].

The article presents data on the relationship of pathogenetic mechanisms for the development of menstrual disorders of functional and organic origin in connection with mental disturbances from the point of view of the psychosomatic concept. According to the latter, functional disorders of the menstrual cycle are considered as psychosomatic, in which gynecological pathology develops as a result of psychopathological illness. A striking example of such a disorder is functional hypothalamic amenorrhea.

[Replicative and biochemical ageing mechanisms among females with Turner syndromes].

Background: 2025 is going to be the 100th anniversary of the first historical description of Turner syndrome - complex of  genomic abnormalities, congenital gonadal disruption and hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. Total estrogenic deficiency triggers development of age-related comorbidities. There is no doubt that personalized search for replicative markers of cellular aging among females with Turner syndrome is needed.

[Russian Eligibility Criteria for Prescribing Menopausal Hormone Therapy to Patients With Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases. Consensus Document of RSC, RSOG, RAE, EUAT, RAP].

Menopausal symptoms can impair the life of women at the peak of their career and family life. At the present time, the most effective treatment for these manifestations is menopausal hormone therapy (MHT). The presence of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in itself does not exclude the possibility of prescribing MHT to relieve menopausal symptoms and improve quality of life.

[Russian eligibility criteria prescribing menopausal hormonal hormones therapy for patients with cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Consensus document of the Russian Cardiological Society, Russian Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Russian Association of Endocrinologists, Eurasian Association of Therapists, Association of Phlebologists of Russia].

Menopausal symptoms can disrupt the life course of women at the peak of their career and family life. Currently, the most effective treatment for these manifestations is menopausal hormone therapy (MHT). The presence of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in itself does not exclude the possibility of prescribing MHT to relieve menopausal symptoms and improve quality of life.

[Molecular and cellular mechanisms of ageing: modern knowledge (literature review)].

Ageing (as known as eldering, senescence) is a genetically and epigenetically programmed pathophysiological process. Velocity of biological ageing is defined as balance between alteration and reparation of body structures. According to last World Health Organization (WHO) highlights ageing still stays an extremely actual scientific, social and demographic problem: in 2020 total number of people older than 60 years and older was 1 billion people; in 2030 future number may be 1,4 billion people, in 2050 - 2,1 billion people.

[The comparative analysis of surgical procedures a in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and type 2 diabetes mellitus].

Aim: To compare the efficiency of two surgical methods, holmium laser enucleation of prostate (HoLEP) and laparoscopic retropubic simple prostatectomy with clamping of internal iliac arteries and vesicourethral anastomosis [LPA+CIIA+VUA]) for treating of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Materials And Methods: A total of 56 men with T2DM who underwent surgical treatment of BPH in the National Research Centre for Endocrinology of the Russian Ministry of Health (director - corresponding member of RAS Mokrysheva N.G.

[Replicative and biochemical ageing features among females with primary ovarian insufficiency].

Background: One of the most dangerous reproductive pathologies is primary ovarian insufficiency (POI). Except manifestation in the age <40 years old it leads to demographical losses, decrease of chances for healthy aging. POI can be characterized as summary of secondary amenorrhea, total estrogenic deficiency and hypergonadotropic hypogonadism.

[Features of aging replicative and biochemical aspects among females with non-iatrogenic hypergonadotropic hypogonadism].

Background: Estrogenic deficiency is the basic condition of human ageing that leads to hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. The existence of correlation between hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, replicative (leukocyte telomere length) and biochemical data is widely supposed among females with physiological (menopausal) and pathological (primary ovarian insufficiency) estrogenic deficiency is not unreasonable.

Aim: To evaluate features of replicative (telomere length) and biochemical (metabolic syndrome) ageing markers among females with physiological (menopausal) and pathological (primary ovarian insufficiency) estrogenic deficiency.

[The dual role of the menopausal hormonal therapy as the enhancer of pleiotropic telomere rejuvenation and the silencer of cellular aging (literature review)].

Present worldwide healthcare researches prove that female patients are more sensitive to the population aging. Menopause or climacteria (climax) - is not as ageing itself, but a physiological unstoppable process. The main task for a physician is to improve life quality for female despite of ageing problems.

[Telomere pathology in ontogenesis in patients with Turner syndrome].

According to present medical databases there many trials to provide in vivo researches in vivo to confirm/refute shortening process of telomeres among patients with Turner syndrome. Despite the successful clinical experience of providing such patients with Turner syndrome, a lot of omics (proteomic and metabolomic) aspects still stay unclear. Main disadvantages of most researches are small volume and minimized mathematical correlation with chronic disease (coronary heart disease, essential hypertension, cardiovascular malformations).

[Clinical guidelines «Polycystic Ovary Syndrome»].

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a polygenic endocrine disorder caused by both genetic and epigenetic factors. Depending on the period of a woman's life, the clinical picture, diagnosis, and treatment tactics of the disease are different. PCOS has a complex of reproductive, metabolic and psychological characteristics.

[Cocaine-amphetamine regulated transcript (CART) - promising omics breakthrough in the endocrinology].

Background: The cocaine-amphetamine regulated transcript has been discovered long time ago (circa over 25 years ago) but still stays not enough investigated. Just during last five years scientist's society started providing interest to the genomic, proteomic and metabolic essence of the cocaine-amphetamine regulated transcript.

Aim: The evaluation of historical pathway and perspectives of the cocaine-amphetamine regulated transcript medical investigations.

[Melatonin status in obese patients with ovarian dysfunction at reproductive age].

Background: Melatonin is the main hormone of the pineal gland. By regulating circadian rhythms and being an immune regulator and antioxidant, this hormone takes part in the work of the ovaries: its high concentrations block apoptosis and neutralize reactive oxygen species involved in folliculogenesis, ovulation, egg maturation and corpus luteum formation.

Aim: To study melatonin status and its relationship with menstrual dysfunction and sleep disorders in obese women of reproductive age.

[Comparative impact analysis of risk factors on the course and outcomes of pregnancy with gestational diabetes mellitus].

Background: The increasing prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), the high probability of unfavorable pregnancy outcomes for the mother and the fetus, as well as a number of long-term consequences in GDM are a serious medical and social problem and require the need for its prevention by correcting risk factors, timely diagnosis and effective treatment.

Aim: Analysis of risk factors for the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), the relationship between GDM, the course and outcomes of pregnancy.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective analysis of 79 case histories of patients with confirmed GDM in the period from 2015 to 2017.

[Analysis of melatonin concentration and its correlation with ovarian disfunction among obese women of reproductive age].

One of the new directions in the study of reproductive disorders in obese women is the effect and receptor sensitivity of  melatonin on the gonadotropic function of the pituitary gland and ovariogenesis, taking into account the chronology of «light pollution». At the present stage, there is very little literature on the influence of the aspects of «light pollution» on the problem of obesity and reproductive disorders in the literature. This review is an attempt to combine the above problem in terms of the impact of «light pollution» and the level of receptor sensitivity of melatonin in women of reproductive age with obesity.

[Comparative morphofunctional analysis of the state of fetoplacental complex in diabetes mellitus (literature review)].

This article reviews the literature on placental morphofunctional changes in placenta of patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus and gestational diabetes mellitus. The detailed analysis of features of pathogenesis of various abnormalities of the fetoplacental complex depending on the type of diabetes, its influence on the formation of the placental vascular bed. The analysis of mechanisms of development of placenta formation disorders, pathologies of placental vascular bed, the role of hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia in villous maturation, placental weight gain, perinatal outcomes.

[Relationship of the ovarian reserve with autoimmune thyroid diseases in the reproductive period].

Aim: To compare ovarian reserve in healthy women of reproductive age - carriers of antithyroid antibodies (ATA) and in healthy women of reproductive age negative for ATA.

Materials And Methods: 70 healthy women of young reproductive age in the state of euthyroidism (from 18 to 38 years old) were examined. Participants were divided into equal groups (n=35) depending on the status of the presence of antithyroid antibodies (AT-TPO, AT-TG).

Personalized strategies in reproductive medicine for patients with endocrine disorders.

Endocrine Medical Research center (EMRC) of the Ministry of health of Russia is unique clinical center, that have no analogs in the world. All forms of endocrine disorders may be diagnosed and treated here by implication of innovative methods. Institute of reproductive medicine of EMRC was open on 2017, director of this institute - MD, PhD E.

Comparative analysis of ovarian reserve in women with obesity in reproductive period.

Aim: To evaluate the ovarian reserve function in female patients with obesity in comparison with women without obesity.

Materials And Methods: This study evaluated 500 caucasian women, age 20-30 years, 250 with obesity (body mass index, BMI ≥30 kg/m2) and 250 without obesity (BMI <30 kg/m2). Anthropometrics, serum concentrations of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), inhibin B, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone were compared as ovarian volume (cm3) and antral follicle count (AFC), determined by ovarian transvaginal ultrasonography.

[Long-term consequences of polycystic ovary syndrome].

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common chronic endocrine disease in women. The prevailing complaints at a young age are menstrual irregularities, infertility, and hyperandrogenism-related problems. However, metabolic disorder-induced complications have been in the foreground over years.

[Shereshevsky-Turner syndrome: Estrogen replacement therapy and cardiovascular risk factors].

Aim: To investigate the impact of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) on the expression of risk factors for cardiovascular events (CVEs) in patients with Shereshevsky-Turner syndrome (STS); to elaborate an algorithm for patient management using MHT.

Subjects And Methods: From 2010 to 2012, a total of 41 patients aged 14 to 35 years with STS were examined in the framework of a prospective observational study. 100 STS case histories in 2000 to 2009 were retrospectively analyzed.

[Pregravid preparation of diabetic women].

Pregnancy in women with type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with an increased risk for complications in both the mother and her fetus. The impact of these complications on modifiable risk factors may substantially improve pregnancy outcomes and reduce malformation rates in children. This is a goal of pregravid preparation (PGP) in this category of patients.

[Comparative assessment of efficiency of the low-calorie diets modified by proteinaceous and vitamin cocktails].

The aim of the work is comparative assessment of efficiency of a hypocaloric diet with inclusion of proteinaceous and vitamin cocktails at obesity. 90 patients with obesity of the II–III degree at the age of 18–65 years by the principle of casual selection were divided into three groups. Control group (30 patients) received a standard low-calorie diet with an energy value of 1600 kcal/day.

Effect of metformin on the level of anti-Mullerian hormone in therapy of polycystic ovary syndrome in obese women.

Aim: Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMG) reduction in women with hyperinsulinemia in therapy with metformin suggests that metformin affects the level of AMH and ovulatory dysfunction through insulin-mediated mechanisms. Aim of the study was to assess the effects of metformin hydrochloride (Siofor) on the level of AMH in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and obesity.

Methods: The study involved 40 women with PCOS, aged 22 to 35 years (mean age 28.

Social isolation improves working memory at reversal but not primary radial-arm maze learning in rats.

Social isolation starting from the 21st day of birth affected neither a short-term nor a long-term memory in male rats at primary acquisition learning in an 8-arm radial maze. A number of the short-term and long-term memory errors were substantially decreased during primary learning but the difference between groups was not significant. Isolates were faster to start a search in an individual trial and took less time to finish offa trial.