The management of acute gastric volvulus.

Acute gastric volvulus occurs when the stomach or a part of it rotates more than 180 degrees which leads to obstruction (closed loop syndrome), that finally concludes to incarceration and ischemia of the organ. It can be observed as a result of diaphragmatic hernia, a gap of the diaphragm, pancreatic or gastric cancers, traumatic injuries and fixation anomalies. Parï first described acute gastric volvulus in 1579, in a patient with diaphragmatic injury after trauma.

Changes in circulating levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 after carotid endarterectomy.

It has been shown that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) are upregulated in severe carotid stenosis. However, it is unknown whether carotid endarterectomy (CEA) affects serum level of these molecules. We investigated changes in concentration of VEGF and VEGFR-2 in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy.