CDH3-AS1 antisense RNA enhances P-cadherin translation and acts as a tumor suppressor in melanoma.

Thousands of regulatory noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been annotated; however, their functions in gene regulation and contributions to cancer formation remain poorly understood. To gain a better understanding of the influence of ncRNAs on gene regulation during melanoma progression, we mapped the landscape of ncRNAs in melanocytes and melanoma cells. Nearly half of deregulated genes in melanoma are ncRNAs, with antisense RNAs (asRNAs) comprising a large portion of deregulated ncRNAs.

Online Patient Resources for Birdshot Uveitis: How Readable are These Resources?

Purpose: Birdshot uveitis is a rare ophthalmic condition that can be challenging to control. The readability of online patient resources may impact the management of patients with birdshot. Thus, we examined the readability of online patient resources and identified differences in readability among sources and sections of websites.

The Genomic Landscape of Benign and Malignant Thyroid Tumors from Individuals Carrying Germline PTEN Variants Is Distinct from Sporadic Thyroid Cancers.

Patients with PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS), a molecular diagnosis for those carrying germline PTEN pathogenic variants, have a high prevalence of benign and malignant thyroid disease. Characterizing the genomic landscape in PHTS thyroid tumors could provide insights into malignant potential and tumor progression to help optimize diagnosis, surveillance, and treatment in this population. To reveal the somatic alterations in PHTS-associated thyroid tumors, we conducted exome sequencing on 58 thyroid tumors (28 cancers, 30 benign nodules) from 19 patients with PHTS.

Consistency in the Assessment of Dried Blood Spot Specimen Size and Quality in U.K. Newborn Screening Laboratories.

In 2015, U.K. newborn screening (NBS) laboratory guidelines were introduced to standardize dried blood spot (DBS) specimen quality acceptance and specify a minimum acceptable DBS diameter of ≥7 mm.

A case controlled study of risk factors for metastatic squamous cell carcinoma in organ transplant recipients: single academic medical center.

Solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) are at high risk of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) metastasis. Despite prior studies identifying risk factors, mortality remains high. Understanding additional risk factors may aid in reducing mortality in this population.

Carbon-sulfur bond elongation as the promoting reaction coordinate in the efficient sub-nanosecond intersystem crossing in thianaphthene derivatives.

Thiophene derivatives have become integral to OLEDs, photovoltaics, and photodynamic therapy research. A deeper understanding of their excited state dynamics and electronic relaxation mechanisms is expected to provide important physical insights of direct relevance for these applications. In this study, thianaphthene (TN), 2-methylbenzothiophene (2MBT), and 3-methylbenzothiophene (3MBT) are investigated using femtosecond broadband transient absorption and steady-state spectroscopy techniques along with time-dependent density functional calculations in cyclohexane and acetonitrile.

Magnetically Integrated Tumor-Vascular Interface System to Mimic Pro-angiogenic Endothelial Dysregulations for On-Chip Drug Testing.

The tumor-vascular interface is a critical component of the tumor microenvironment that regulates all of the dynamic interactions between a growing tumor and the endothelial lining of the surrounding vasculature. In this paper, we report the design and development of a custom-engineered tumor-vascular interface system for investigating the early stage tumor-mediated pro-angiogenic dysfunctional behavior of the endothelium. Using representative endothelial cells and triple negative breast cancer cell lines, we established a biomimetic interface between a three-dimensional tumor tissue across a mature, functional endothelial barrier using a magnetically hybrid-integrated tumor-vascular interface system, wherein vasculature-like features containing a monolayer of endothelial cell culture on porous microfluidic channel surfaces were magnetically attached to tumor spheroids generated on a composite polymer-hydrogel microwell plate and embedded in a collagen matrix.

Palisading Adenocarcinoma.

Palisading adenocarcinoma is a morphologically distinct salivary gland neoplasm that has been recently described with predilection to the sublingual gland. We report our experience with this neoplasm to corroborate and enrich the literature and further clarify its phenotype.

Correlation Between Near-Infrared Autofluorescence Properties and Sestamibi Uptakes of Parathyroid Glands in Primary Hyperparathyroidism.

Objective: Near-infrared autofluorescence (NIRAF) characteristics of parathyroid glands in primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) vary, with unclarity regarding the underlying mechanism. Similarly, Tc-sestamibi uptake in diseased parathyroid glands is variable. There is a suggestion that oxyphilic cell content may influence both imaging modalities.

Exploring Phase Transition and Structural Complexity in the Mixed Cation Uranium Oxide CaUNbO.

The structures and high-temperature phase transition of CaUNbO were studied in situ using synchrotron X-ray and neutron powder diffraction. Rietveld refinements provided an accurate description of the crystal structures of both the monoclinic fergusonite-type 2/ structure observed at room temperature and the tetragonal scheelite-type 4/ structure found at high temperatures. Bond valence sum analysis showed Nb to be octahedrally coordinated in the monoclinic fergusonite-type structure, akin to other NbO materials.

Speaking Well and Feeling Good: Age-Related Differences in the Affective Language of Resting State Thought.

Unlabelled: Despite the prevalence and importance of resting state thought for daily functioning and psychological well-being, it remains unclear how such thoughts differ between young and older adults. Age-related differences in the affective tone of resting state thoughts, including the affective language used to describe them, could be a novel manifestation of the positivity effect, with implications for well-being. To examine this possibility, a total of 77 young adults ( = 24.

An alcove at the acetyl-CoA synthase nickel active site is required for productive substrate CO binding and anaerobic carbon fixation.

One of the seven natural CO fixation pathways, the anaerobic Wood-Ljungdahl pathway (WLP) is unique in generating CO as a metabolic intermediate, operating through organometallic intermediates, and in conserving (versus utilizing) net ATP. The key enzyme in the WLP is acetyl-CoA synthase (ACS), which uses an active site [2Ni-4Fe-4S] cluster (A-cluster), a CO tunnel, and an organometallic (Ni-CO, Ni-methyl, and Ni-acetyl) reaction sequence to generate acetyl-CoA. Here, we reveal that an alcove, which interfaces the tunnel and the A-cluster, is essential for CO fixation and autotrophic growth by the WLP.

Salivary duct carcinoma with squamous differentiation: histomorphological and immunophenotypical analysis of six cases.

Background And Aims: Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is an aggressive salivary malignancy with multiple morphological subtypes. Primary salivary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) requires exclusion of high-grade salivary malignancies and metastatic disease and is considered exceptionally rare. We report six cases of SDC with resemblance to SCC on account of variable, but often extensive, squamous differentiation.

Application of the Milan system for reporting salivary gland cytopathology to core needle biopsies of the parotid gland.

Aims: The Milan system for reporting salivary gland cytopathology was developed by an international group of experts and first published in 2018 with the goal to standardise reporting of salivary gland aspirates. Seven categories with distinct risks of malignancy were proposed. Core needle biopsies (CNB) of salivary glands are also common, but reporting lacks standardisation.

Indices of Sleep Health Are Associated With Timing and Duration of Eating in Young Adults.

Background: Limited data exist examining whether timing and/or duration of eating behaviors throughout the day affect sleep health.

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the relationship between eating behaviors and sleep in young adults without chronic diseases or conditions.

Design: This was a cross-sectional study using 7 days of baseline data from a randomized crossover trial.

Evaluating the impact of the degree of extranodal extension on outcomes in locally advanced oral cavity cancer.

Background: Evaluate whether extranodal extension (ENE) extent impacts outcomes in patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC).

Methods: From an institutional database, patients with OCSCC and pathologic ENE who received adjuvant treatment were included. Surgical slides were reviewed to confirm ENE extent.

Dopamine‑iron homeostasis interaction rescues mitochondrial fitness in Parkinson's disease.

Imbalances of iron and dopamine metabolism along with mitochondrial dysfunction have been linked to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). We have previously suggested a direct link between iron homeostasis and dopamine metabolism, as dopamine can increase cellular uptake of iron into macrophages thereby promoting oxidative stress responses. In this study, we investigated the interplay between iron, dopamine, and mitochondrial activity in neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells and human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived dopaminergic neurons differentiated from a healthy control and a PD patient with a mutation in the α-synuclein (SNCA) gene.

Retrieving autobiographical memories in autobiographical contexts: are age-related differences in narrated episodic specificity present outside of the laboratory?

The Autobiographical Interview, a method for evaluating detailed memory of real-world events, reliably detects differences in episodic specificity at retrieval between young and older adults in the laboratory. Whether this age-associated reduction in episodic specificity for autobiographical event retrieval is present outside of the laboratory remains poorly understood. We used a videoconference format to administer the Autobiographical Interview to cognitively unimpaired older adults (N = 49, M = 69.

ThyroSeq overview on indeterminate thyroid nodules: An institutional experience.

Background: Molecular triage of indeterminate thyroid aspirates offers the opportunity to stratify the risk of malignancy (ROM) more accurately. Here we examine our experience with ThyroSeq v3 testing.

Methods: We analyzed 276 of 658 (42%) fine needle aspiration samples classified as indeterminate thyroid nodules using ThyroSeq v3 (Sept 2017-Dec 2019).

Transitioning children using home invasive mechanical ventilation from hospital to home: Discharge criteria, disparities, and ethical considerations.

Children using home invasive mechanical ventilation (HIMV), a valuable therapeutic option for chronic respiratory failure, constitute a growing population. Transitioning children using HIMV from hospital to home care is a complex process that requires a multidisciplinary approach involving healthcare professionals, caregivers, and community resources. Medical stability, caregiver competence, and home environment suitability are essential factors in determining discharge readiness.

Helping pregnant smokers quit: a multi-centre randomised controlled trial of electronic cigarettes versus nicotine replacement therapy.

Background: Some pregnant smokers try e-cigarettes, but effectiveness and safety of such use are unknown.

Objectives: To compare effectiveness and safety of nicotine patches and e-cigarettes in pregnancy.

Design: A pragmatic multi-centre randomised controlled trial.