Correlating Differences in the Surface Activity to Interface-Induced Particle Formation in Different Protein Modalities: IgG mAb Versus Fc-Fusion Protein.

The propensity of protein-based biologics to form protein particles during bioprocessing can be related to their interfacial properties. In this study, we compare the surface activity and interfacial film properties of two structurally different biologics, an IgG and Fc-fusion, in the absence and presence of interfacial dilatational stresses, and correlate these differences to their tendency to form interface-induced protein particles. Our results show that interface-induced particle formation is protein-dependent, with the Fc-fusion demonstrating greater interfacial stability.

Understanding the Impact of Combined Hydrodynamic Shear and Interfacial Dilatational Stress, on Interface-Mediated Particle Formation for Monoclonal Antibody Formulations.

During biomanufacturing, several unit operations expose solutions of biologics to multiple stresses, such as hydrodynamic shear forces due to fluid flow and interfacial dilatational stresses due to mechanical agitation or bubble collapse. When these stresses individually act on proteins adsorbed to interfaces, it results in an increase in protein particles in the bulk solution, a phenomenon referred to as interface-induced protein particle formation. However, an understanding of the dominant cause, when multiple stresses are acting simultaneously or sequentially, on interface-induced protein particle formation is limited.

Telehealth Virtual Simulation Across the Family Nurse Practitioner Curriculum.

The American Association of Colleges of Nursing recognizes telehealth education as an essential aspect of nurse practitioner (NP) education because it increases accessibility to health care. Studies reported in the literature have focused on NP telehealth simulation, but findings for the inclusion of simulation in multiple courses throughout the curriculum are scarce. This pre- and post-survey design study aimed to evaluate family nurse practitioner students' perceptions of knowledge, confidence, and attitudes regarding telehealth before and after engaging in telehealth virtual simulations in six courses.

Correlating Surface Activity with Interface-Induced Aggregation in a High-Concentration mAb Solution.

Interface-induced aggregation resulting in protein particle formation is an issue during the manufacturing and storage of protein-based therapeutics. High-concentration formulations of therapeutic proteins are even more prone to protein particle formation due to increased protein-protein interactions. However, the dependence of interface-induced protein particle formation on bulk protein concentration is not understood.

Comparison of Protein Particle Formation in IgG1 mAbs Formulated with PS20 Vs. PS80 When Subjected to Interfacial Dilatational Stress.

Polysorbates (PS) are nonionic surfactants that are commonly included in protein formulations to mitigate the formation of interfacial stress-induced protein particles and thus increase their long-term storage stability. Nonetheless, factors that dictate the efficiency of different polysorbates in mitigating protein particle formation, especially during the application of interfacial stresses, are often ill defined. Here, we used a Langmuir trough to determine the surface activity of two IgG1 monoclonal antibodies formulated with two different polysorbates (PS20 and PS80) when subjected to interfacial dilatational stress.

Longitudinal survey of antibiotic stewardship practices in Wisconsin nursing homes, before and after a policy change.

The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid mandated that nursing homes implement antibiotic stewardship programs (ASPs) by November 2017. We conducted surveys of Wisconsin nursing-home stewardship practices before and after this mandate. Our comparison of these surveys shows an overall increase in ASP implementation efforts, but it also highlights areas for further improvement.

In Situ Determination of Cannabidiol in Hemp Oil by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy.

Cannabidiol (CBD, ) is an active component of hemp oil and many other products that offers diverse health benefits. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) coupled with chemometrics was utilized to quantify the CBD () concentration in the hemp oil through the containing glass vial. NIRS provided a fast and cost-effective tool to measure chemical profiles for the hemp oil samples with various concentrations of CBD () and its acid precursor, i.

Evaluating the Combined Impact of Temperature and Application of Interfacial Dilatational Stresses on Surface-mediated Protein Particle Formation in Monoclonal Antibody Formulations.

Formation of submicron and subvisible protein particles (0.1-100 μm) present a major obstacle during processing and storage of therapeutic proteins. While protein aggregation resulting in particle formation is well-understood in bulk solution, the mechanisms of aggregation due to interfacial stresses is less understood.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on infant and toddler development.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has created new cultural norms with pervasive societal implications. Families have experienced a heightened amount of physical, psychological, emotional, and financial stress. Infants and children living with stress have the potential for delayed developmental milestones, difficulty with emotional regulation, and social or behavioral issues.

Explaining the Why in #WhyIDidntReport: An Examination of Common Barriers to Formal Disclosure of Sexual Assault in College Students.

Within the current study, we examined themes of college students' reasons for choosing not to formally disclose (report) sexual assault. To complete this objective, we examined tweets ( = 1,297) that used the WhyIDidntReport hashtag in which a user also made reference (within the same thread) to being enrolled at a college or university during the time (and aftermath) of the assault. We deemed Twitter a particularly valuable platform, offering insight into the hidden figure of crime, as users described events, feelings, and perceptions the event that led to them not formally disclosing.

Transitioning the Doctor of Nursing Practice Final Project Defense to Large Venue Poster Sessions.

Background: Accelerated growth in Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) programs has mandated the need for innovative strategies for doctoral students to defend their final scholarly work while protecting the integrity and rigor of the experience.

Method: A poster defense strategy was implemented and evaluated via a faculty focus group and a Likert-scale survey. Sessions highlighting eight projects each were scheduled at 75-minute intervals allowing for both informal poster viewing and formal audience questioning facilitated by a moderator.

Effect of a Standard vs Enhanced Implementation Strategy to Improve Antibiotic Prescribing in Nursing Homes: A Trial Protocol of the Improving Management of Urinary Tract Infections in Nursing Institutions Through Facilitated Implementation (IMUNIFI) Study.

Importance: Suspicion of urinary tract infection (UTI) is the major driver of overuse and misuse of antibiotics in nursing homes (NHs). Effects of interventions to improve the recognition and management of UTI in NHs have been mixed, potentially owing to differences in how interventions were implemented in different studies. An improved understanding of how implementation approach influences intervention adoption is needed to achieve wider dissemination of antibiotic stewardship interventions in NHs.

Adverse events during apheresis: A 10-year experience at a tertiary academic medical center.

Background: Apheresis can be associated with adverse events (AEs). Available studies published on apheresis-associated AEs lack uniformity of data. Unfortunately, there is no common database in the United States (US) to report apheresis-associated AEs.

Switching on a Spin Glass: Flux Growth, Structure, and Magnetism of LaMnNiAlSn Intermetallics.

Reactions of tin and manganese in a lanthanum/nickel eutectic melt in alumina crucibles produce LaMnNiAlSn (0 ≤ x ≤ 3.6; 2.5 ≤ y ≤ 4.

J (4.2 K, 31.2 T) beyond 1 kA/mm of a ~3.2 μm thick, 20 mol% Zr-added MOCVD REBCO coated conductor.

A main challenge that significantly impedes REBaCuO (RE = rare earth) coated conductor applications is the low engineering critical current density J because of the low superconductor fill factor in a complicated layered structure that is crucial for REBaCuO to carry supercurrent. Recently, we have successfully achieved engineering critical current density beyond 2.0 kA/mm at 4.

HIV Among MSM and Heterosexual Women in the United States: An Ecologic Analysis.

Background: Phylogenetic studies show links between heterosexual women and men who have sex with men (MSM) that are more numerous than from heterosexual men to women suggesting that HIV infections among heterosexual women may stem from MSM. Poor communities have been associated with high rates of HIV among heterosexual women. Our analysis investigates potential transmission of HIV between MSM and female heterosexuals.

Preorganized tridentate analogues of mixed hydroxyoxime/carboxylate nickel extractants.

A series of 22 tridentate unsaturated mono-anionic ligands having the atom-sequence Y-C[double bond, length as m-dash]C-N=CH-C=C-Z(-1), with Y = N, O, or S and Z = O or S, has been studied to establish whether this backbone could be used to develop strong solvent extractants for nickel(II) which will preferably also show a high selectivity over iron(III) in the pH-dependent process: 2LH(org) + NiSO4 ⇌ [(L)2Ni]org + H2SO4. All are capable of forming octahedral [(L)2Ni] complexes with a mer-arrangement of the YNZ(-1) donor set. X-ray crystal structures of three salicylaldimine proligands derived from 3-bromo-5-t-butyl-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde show these to have pre-organised donor sets in which the three donors are held in an approximately orthogonal arrangement by intramolecular hydrogen bonds.

Providing Individualized Care to Adolescent Patients With Elevated Body Mass Indexes.

The purpose of this project was to develop a comprehensive, Nutritional Assessment Questionnaire encompassing adolescent eating habits. A Nutritional Assessment Questionnaire was developed and administered to a convenience sample of 15 patient participants. Four pediatric provider participants reviewed the questionnaire with the adolescents and documented accordingly.

Evolving role of pediatric nurse practitioners.

Purpose: To report and interpret findings from national pediatric nurse practitioner (PNP) job analysis surveys reflecting the changes in the knowledge and skills required for advanced practice.

Data Sources: National role delineation studies (RDS) conducted by American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) in 2003, 2008, and 2011.

Conclusions: Since the first nurse practitioner (NP) program was established in 1965 to train pediatric nurses for advanced practice, the role of the PNP has continued to develop.

Prevalence of infection with hepatitis B and C viruses and co-infection with HIV in three jails: a case for viral hepatitis prevention in jails in the United States.

Hepatitis B vaccination and targeted testing for hepatitis C virus (HCV) are recommended for jails with medical services available. This study estimates hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HCV infection prevalence among jail inmates, since most previous studies have been conducted among prison inmates. Prison and jail populations differ: jails hold a wide spectrum of persons for an average of 10-20 days, including persons awaiting arraignment, trial, conviction, or sentencing, while prisons typically hold convicted criminals for at least 1 year.

Sleep apnea in hemodialysis patients: risk factors and effect on survival.

Unlabelled: Sleep disorders are common in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Using a simple questionnaire, we estimate the probability of sleep apnea in ESRD patients, determine the factors associated with a higher probability of sleep apnea, and determine the association between the probability of sleep apnea and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality.

Study Design: Prospective cohort study.

Recruiting injection drug users: a three-site comparison of results and experiences with respondent-driven and targeted sampling procedures.

Several recent studies have utilized respondent-driven sampling (RDS) methods to survey hidden populations such as commercial sex-workers, men who have sex with men (MSM) and injection drug users (IDU). Few studies, however, have provided a direct comparison between RDS and other more traditional sampling methods such as venue-based, targeted or time/space sampling. The current study sampled injection drug users in three U.

Diurnal variation of blood pressure; reproducibility and association with left ventricular hypertrophy in hemodialysis patients.

Objective: The objective of this paper is to describe the pattern of diurnal blood pressure (BP) change in hemodialysis patients, determine the association of the non-dipping pattern of diurnal BP with left ventricular mass index (LVMI), and to determine if the nocturnal profile of BP is reproducible when repeated over time.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) was performed over a midweek 44-h period and echocardiography was performed on the interdialytic day. Patients with a night/day systolic and diastolic BP ratio on both days >0.

Patterns of antihypertensive medication use in hemodialysis patients.

Purpose: Patterns of antihypertensive drug use in patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis therapy were studied.

Methods: Patients attending seven outpatient hemodialysis units in Ohio were eligible for the study if they had been receiving the treatment for at least three months. Demographic and clinical data were obtained from patient interviews and computerized databases, and blood pressure (BP) measurements were obtained before dialysis.