'Maturing Out' as dilemmatic: Transitions towards relatively light drinking practices among UK University students.

Objectives: University students in the UK engage in relatively high alcohol consumption levels, yet young adults, including students, now drink less than previously and abstain more. Against this cultural backdrop, our objective was to further understanding of 'maturing out' of excessive drinking practices among students by focusing on drinking transitions that had taken place during university years.

Design: A qualitative interview study.

Core Fermentation (CoFe) granules focus coordinated glycolytic mRNA localization and translation to fuel glucose fermentation.

Glycolysis is a fundamental metabolic pathway for glucose catabolism across biology, and glycolytic enzymes are among the most abundant proteins in cells. Their expression at such levels provides a particular challenge. Here we demonstrate that the glycolytic mRNAs are localized to granules in yeast and human cells.

RIPK3 modulates growth factor receptor expression in endothelial cells to support angiogenesis.

Receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) is a multifunctional intracellular protein that was first recognized as an important component of the necroptosis programmed cell death pathway. RIPK3 is also highly expressed in non-necroptotic murine embryonic endothelial cells (ECs) during vascular development, indicating its potential contribution to angiogenesis. To test this hypothesis, we generated mice lacking endothelial RIPK3 and found non-lethal embryonic and perinatal angiogenesis defects in multiple vascular beds.

Dendritic cell biocompatibility of ether-based urethane films.

The use of synthetic materials for biomedical applications is ever expanding. One of the major requirements for these materials is biocompatibility, which includes prevention of immune system responses. Due to the inherent complexity of their structural composition, the polyurethane (PU) family of polymers is being used in a variety of medical applications, from soft and hard tissue scaffolds to intricate coatings on implantable devices.

Protocol for tumour-focused dose-escalated adaptive radiotherapy for the radical treatment of bladder cancer in a multicentre phase II randomised controlled trial (RAIDER): radiotherapy planning and delivery guidance.

Introduction: Daily radiotherapy delivered with radiosensitisation offers patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) comparable outcomes to cystectomy with functional organ preservation. Most recurrences following radiotherapy occur within the bladder. Increasing the delivered radiotherapy dose to the tumour may further improve local control.

The effects of transition to technician-delivered telehealth ABA treatment during the COVID-19 crisis: A preliminary analysis.

Telehealth delivery of applied behavior analysis treatment has focused on supervision or staff and parent training, rather than the direct delivery of treatment to clients. The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis had the potential to significantly disrupt access to direct treatment for individuals with autism. We report a sample of 17 cases that transitioned from in-person to telehealth delivery of treatment when shelter-in-place orders were issued.

Assessing ontogenetic maturity in extinct saurian reptiles.

Morphology forms the most fundamental level of data in vertebrate palaeontology because it is through interpretations of morphology that taxa are identified, creating the basis for broad evolutionary and palaeobiological hypotheses. Assessing maturity is one of the most basic aspects of morphological interpretation and provides the means to study the evolution of ontogenetic changes, population structure and palaeoecology, life-history strategies, and heterochrony along evolutionary lineages that would otherwise be lost to time. Saurian reptiles (the least-inclusive clade containing Lepidosauria and Archosauria) have remained an incredibly diverse, numerous, and disparate clade through their ~260-million-year history.

Development and Assessment of a Rapidly Collapsible Anastomotic Guide for Use in Anastomosis of the Small Intestine: A Pilot Study Using a Swine Model.

Various conditions in human and veterinary medicine require intestinal resection and anastomosis, and complications from these procedures are frequent. A rapidly collapsible anastomotic guide was developed for small intestinal end-to-end anastomosis and was investigated in order to assess its utility to improve the anastomotic process and to potentially reduce complication rates. A complex manufacturing method for building a polymeric device was established utilizing biocompatible and biodegradable polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyurethane.

Vascular surgery triage during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

Objective: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in a marked increase in hospital usage, medical resource scarcity, and rationing of surgical procedures. This has created the need for strategies to triage surgical patients. We have described our experience using the American College of Surgeons (ACS) COVID-19 guidelines for triage of vascular surgery patients in an academic surgery practice.

The intracellular Ca release channel TRPML1 regulates lower urinary tract smooth muscle contractility.

TRPML1 (transient receptor potential mucolipin 1) is a Ca-permeable, nonselective cation channel that is predominantly localized to the membranes of late endosomes and lysosomes (LELs). Intracellular release of Ca through TRPML1 is thought to be pivotal for maintenance of intravesicular acidic pH as well as the maturation, fusion, and trafficking of LELs. Interestingly, genetic ablation of TRPML1 in mice ( ) induces a hyperdistended/hypertrophic bladder phenotype.

Screening for Bacteremia in Trauma Patients: Traditional Markers Fall Short.

Background: Deranged physiology in trauma complicates the clinical identification of sepsis, resulting in overscreening for bacteremia. No clinical signs or biomarkers accurately diagnose sepsis in this population. Our objective was to evaluate the accuracy of the current criteria used to prompt screening for bacteremia in trauma patients and determine independent predictors of bacteremia.

A behavioral model for mapping the genetic architecture of gut-microbiota networks.

The gut microbiota may play an important role in affecting human health. To explore the genetic mechanisms underlying microbiota-host relationships, many genome-wide association studies have begun to identify host genes that shape the microbial composition of the gut. It is becoming increasingly clear that the gut microbiota impacts host processes not only through the action of individual microbes but also their interaction networks.

An inhibitor of endothelial ETS transcription factors promotes physiologic and therapeutic vessel regression.

During the progression of ocular diseases such as retinopathy of prematurity and diabetic retinopathy, overgrowth of retinal blood vessels results in the formation of pathological neovascular tufts that impair vision. Current therapeutic options for treating these diseases include antiangiogenic strategies that can lead to the undesirable inhibition of normal vascular development. Therefore, strategies that eliminate pathological neovascular tufts while sparing normal blood vessels are needed.

SEGN: Inferring real-time gene networks mediating phenotypic plasticity.

The capacity of an organism to alter its phenotype in response to environmental perturbations changes over developmental time and is a process determined by multiple genes that are co-expressed in intricate but organized networks. Characterizing the spatiotemporal change of such gene networks can offer insight into the genomic signatures underlying organismic adaptation, but it represents a major methodological challenge. Here, we integrate the holistic view of systems biology and the interactive notion of evolutionary game theory to reconstruct so-called systems evolutionary game networks (SEGN) that can autonomously detect, track, and visualize environment-induced gene networks along the time axis.

PIVOTALboost: A phase III randomised controlled trial of prostate and pelvis versus prostate alone radiotherapy with or without prostate boost (CRUK/16/018).

•PIVOTALboost evaluates benefits/toxicity of pelvic node RT and focal boost dose escalation.•Unfavourable intermediate/high risk and bulky local disease are most likely to benefit.•Functional MRI imaging is used to select patients for different types of dose escalation.

Parenting profiles of academic and racial socialization: Associations with academic engagement and academic self-beliefs of African American adolescents.

In addition to being involved and encouraging their youth academically, many African American caregivers also employ socialization practices that prepare their adolescents for entering into a school system where they will be an ethnic minority or be taught by predominantly non-minority educators. The purpose of the current investigation was to fill existing gaps in the literature by examining two dimensions of parental socialization practices: academic socialization (parent school involvement and academic encouragement) and racial socialization (cultural pride, preparation for bias, and egalitarian messages). Additionally, this study examined how the identified profiles are associated with African American adolescents' academic outcomes (academic engagement and academic self-beliefs).

Susceptibility to prosocial and antisocial influence in adolescence.

Introduction: Adolescents are particularly susceptible to social influence and previous studies have shown that this susceptibility decreases with age. The current study used a cross-sectional experimental paradigm to investigate the effect of age and puberty on susceptibility to both prosocial and antisocial influence.

Methods: Participants (N = 520) aged 11-18 from London and Cambridge (United Kingdom) rated how likely they would be to engage in a prosocial (e.

Development of multiple cutaneous and follicular neoplasms associated with canine papillomavirus type 3 in a dog.

A 12-year-old spayed English pointer dog developed multiple skin lesions including pigmented viral plaques, basal cell carcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas and trichoblastomas. Canine papillomavirus type 3 was detected in multiple lesions suggesting common aetiology.

Competition and Co-existence of Two Photorhabdus Symbionts with a Nematode Host.

Photorhabdus spp. (Enterobacteriales: Morganellaceae) occur exclusively as symbionts of Heterorhabditis nematodes for which they provide numerous services, including killing insects and providing nutrition and defence within the cadavers. Unusually, two species (Photorhabdus cinerea and Photorhabdus temperata) associate with a single population of Heterorhabditis downesi at a dune grassland site.

Non-technical skills for urological surgeons (NoTSUS): development and evaluation of curriculum and assessment scale.

Objective: In the last decade non-technical skills (NTS) have emerged as a vital area for improvement within surgery. This study aims to develop and evaluate a Non-technical Skills for Urological Surgeons (NoTSUS) training curriculum and assessment scale.

Methods: This international, longitudinal and observational study began with a 3-round Delphi methodology to refine curriculum contents and rating scale.

Hindered and compression solid settling functions - Sensor data collection, practical model identification and validation.

Secondary settling tanks (SSTs) are the most hydraulically sensitive unit operations in activated sludge water resource recovery facilities (WRRF). Mathematical models for predicting activated sludge solids settling velocity include parameters that show irreducible epistemic uncertainty. Therefore, reliable and periodic calibration of the settling velocity model is key for predicting activated sludge process capacity, thus averting possible failures under wet-weather flow- and filamentous bulking conditions.