Spontaneous development of Epstein-Barr Virus associated human lymphomas in a prostate cancer xenograft program.

Prostate cancer research is hampered by the lack of in vivo preclinical models that accurately reflect patient tumour biology and the clinical heterogeneity of human prostate cancer. To overcome these limitations we propagated and characterised a new collection of patient-derived prostate cancer xenografts. Tumour fragments from 147 unsupervised, surgical prostate samples were implanted subcutaneously into immunodeficient Rag2-/-γC-/- mice within 24 hours of surgery.

JAK-STAT blockade inhibits tumor initiation and clonogenic recovery of prostate cancer stem-like cells.

Interleukin (IL)-6 overexpression and constitutive STAT3 activation occur in many cancers, including prostate cancer. However, their contribution to prostate stem and progenitor cells has not been explored. In this study, we show that stem-like cells from patients with prostate cancer secrete higher levels of IL-6 than their counterparts in non-neoplastic prostate.

Monoallelic expression of TMPRSS2/ERG in prostate cancer stem cells.

While chromosomal translocations have a fundamental role in the development of several human leukaemias, their role in solid tumour development has been somewhat more controversial. Recently, it was shown that up to 80% of prostate tumours harbour at least one such gene fusion, and that the most common fusion event, between the prostate-specific TMPRSS2 gene and the ERG oncogene, is a critical, and probably early factor in prostate cancer development. Here we demonstrate the presence and expression of this significant chromosomal rearrangement in prostate cancer stem cells.

Correlation of ADC and T2 measurements with cell density in prostate cancer at 3.0 Tesla.

Objectives: To assess the relationship between MRI derived parameters (apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and T2 relaxation time) and tumor cellularity as determined from whole mounted radical prostatectomy specimens, for both prostatic carcinoma and normal peripheral zone tissue.

Materials And Methods: Over a 16-month period, 20 patients (mean age: 61 years, range: 42-70 years) were prospectively recruited. Diffusion and T2 imaging were performed on a 3.

Description of magnetic resonance imaging-derived enhancement variables in pathologically confirmed prostate cancer and normal peripheral zone regions.

Objective: To assess the use of a semiquantitative analysis of dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to produce indices for enhancement curves that might enable differentiation between malignant prostatic lesions and normal peripheral zone (PZ).

Patients And Methods: Fifty-two patients scheduled for radical prostatectomy underwent DCE-MRI before surgery using a 3 T scanner. The DCE images were used to generate variables from changes in signal intensity for pathologically confirmed malignant areas and the normal PZ, using whole-mounted pathology specimens as a reference to delineate regions of interest (ROI).

Correlation of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance data with cellularity in prostate cancer.

Objective: To assess the relationship between the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and cell density (CD) obtained from radical prostatectomy (RP) specimens.

Patients And Methods: In all, 36 patients with prostate cancer were recruited; T2-weighted and diffusion-weighted MRI was obtained axially using a 3.0 T scanner.