The relationship between performance validity testing, external incentives, and cognitive functioning in long COVID.

Introduction: Performance validity test (PVT) failures occur in clinical practice and at higher rates with external incentives. However, little PVT research has been applied to the Long COVID population. This study aims to address this gap.

Control of memory retrieval alters memory-based eye movements.

Past work has shown that eye movements are affected by long-term memory across different tasks and instructional manipulations. In the current study, we tested whether these memory-based eye movements persist when memory retrieval is under intentional control. Participants encoded multiple scenes with six objects (three faces; three tools).

Relational memory weakness in autism despite the use of a controlled encoding task.

Introduction: Recent work challenged past findings that documented relational memory impairments in autism. Previous studies often relied solely on explicit behavioral responses to assess relational memory integrity, but successful performance on behavioral tasks may rely on other cognitive abilities (e.g.

Conscious awareness and memory systems in the brain.

The term "memory" typically refers to conscious retrieval of events and experiences from our past, but experience can also change our behaviour without corresponding awareness of the learning process or the associated outcome. Based primarily on early neuropsychological work, theoretical perspectives have distinguished between conscious memory, said to depend critically on structures in the medial temporal lobe (MTL), and a collection of performance-based memories that do not. The most influential of these memory systems perspectives, the declarative memory theory, continues to be a mainstay of scientific work today despite mounting evidence suggesting that contributions of MTL structures go beyond the kinds or types of memory that can be explicitly reported.

Detecting Primary Progressive Aphasia Atrophy Patterns: A Comparison of Visual Assessment and Quantitative Neuroimaging Techniques.

Background: There are now clinically available automated MRI analysis software programs that compare brain volumes of patients to a normative sample and provide -score data for various brain regions. These programs have yet to be validated in primary progressive aphasia (PPA).

Objective: To address this gap in the literature, we examined Neuroreader -scores in PPA, relative to visual MRI assessment.

Attention capture by episodic long-term memory.

Everyday behavior depends upon the operation of concurrent cognitive processes. In visual search, studies that examine memory-attention interactions have indicated that long-term memory facilitates search for a target (e.g.

Effects of negative emotion on neural correlates of item and source memory during encoding and retrieval.

The enhancing effect of emotion on item memory is well-established, but emotion's influence on source memory has proven more elusive. Previous studies recording event-related potentials (ERPs) associated with memory encoding (Dms) and retrieval (old/new effects) showed an emotional enhancement of ERPs related to item memory, whereas ERPs related to source memory yielded contradictory results in the presence of emotion. The present study examined the influence of item emotionality on the neural correlates of memory encoding and retrieval for items and temporal source details.

Neural evidence for the contribution of holistic processing but not attention allocation to the other-race effect on face memory.

Multiple mechanisms have been suggested to contribute to the other-race effect on face memory, the phenomenon of better memory performance for own-race than other-race faces. Here, two of these mechanisms, increased attention allocation and greater holistic processing during memory encoding for own-race than other-race faces, were tested in two separate experiments. In these experiments event-related potentials were measured during study (the difference due to memory, Dm) and test phase (old/new effects) to examine brain activation related to memory encoding and retrieval, allowing for selective investigations of these memory sub-processes.

Neural correlates of memory encoding and recognition for own-race and other-race faces in an associative-memory task.

The ability to recognize faces of family members, friends, and acquaintances plays an important role in our daily interactions. The other-race effect is the reduced ability to recognize other-race faces as compared to own-race faces. Previous studies showed different patterns of event-related potentials (ERPs) associated with recollection and familiarity during memory encoding (i.