Follow-up for 3 years of a pediatric population diagnosed in 2018 with mother-to-child transmission of HIV in 8 Latin American countries in the PLANTAIDS cohort.

Introduction: The frequency of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Latin America has decreased considerably. However, new infections continue to be recorded, and the pediatric population remains one of the most vulnerable groups in this region. The main objective of the study was to describe the clinical, epidemiological and psychosocial characteristics of new diagnoses of HIV MTCT in 2018 in the PLANTAIDS network (Paediatric Network for Prevention, Early Detection and Treatment of HIV in Children) during the 3 years following diagnosis.

Clinical Presentation and Outcomes of Kawasaki Disease in Children from Latin America: A Multicenter Observational Study from the REKAMLATINA Network.

Objectives: To describe the clinical presentation, management, and outcomes of Kawasaki disease (KD) in Latin America and to evaluate early prognostic indicators of coronary artery aneurysm (CAA).

Study Design: An observational KD registry-based study was conducted in 64 participating pediatric centers across 19 Latin American countries retrospectively between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2013, and prospectively from June 1, 2014, to May 31, 2017. Demographic and initial clinical and laboratory data were collected.

Derivation and validation of a novel risk assessment tool to identify children aged 2-59 months at risk of hospitalised pneumonia-related mortality in 20 countries.

Introduction: Existing risk assessment tools to identify children at risk of hospitalised pneumonia-related mortality have shown suboptimal discriminatory value during external validation. Our objective was to derive and validate a novel risk assessment tool to identify children aged 2-59 months at risk of hospitalised pneumonia-related mortality across various settings.

Methods: We used primary, baseline, patient-level data from 11 studies, including children evaluated for pneumonia in 20 low-income and middle-income countries.

New diagnosis of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in 8 Latin-American countries during 2018.

Background: Important prevention efforts have led to a reduction in mother-to-child transmission of HIV (MTCT) globally. However, new cases of paediatric HIV infections still occur. Early diagnosis of new HIV infections is essential to start an appropriate antiretroviral treatment to avoid childhood morbidity and mortality related to infection.

Determinants of Disclosure, Adherence and Viral Suppression in Children and Adolescents Living With HIV in Ecuador: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Studies on HIV disclosure and adherence among children performed in Latin America are anecdotal. We aimed to assess the factors associated with HIV disclosure, adherence and viral suppression among Ecuadorian children and compare the psychologic consequences and the impact on adherence and viral suppression of early against late disclosure age.

Methods: Cross-sectional study using a questionnaire and collected data on medical records of HIV-infected children between 6 and 21 years of age in Ecuador.

West Syndrome in Children With Congenital Zika Virus Infection.

Congenital Zika infection has been linked with a characteristic phenotype including neurologic sequelae. However, West syndrome has not been previously well described as a consequence. We aim to show this association through a retrospective descriptive study performed in Ecuador.

Progressive disseminated histoplasmosis in children living with HIV: a case series study.

Progressive disseminated histoplasmosis (PDH) is thought to be on the top of the list of AIDS-defining illnesses in South America. Reported experience in children is very scarce. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes of children living with HIV presenting with PDH in Ecuador.

Long-Term Outcomes of Infants with Congenital Zika Virus Infection in Ecuador: A Retrospective Longitudinal Study.

Background: Few congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) cases have been notified in Ecuador and, to our knowledge, there are no significant published studies dealing with their clinical evolution. We present a detailed clinical characterization of 21 children with congenital Zika virus (ZIKV) infection born in Ecuador who were followed up until September 2019.

Methods: We did a retrospective longitudinal study of children attended by the infectious disease specialists of Francisco Icaza Bustamante Children's Hospital (Guayaquil) due to congenital ZIKV infection suspicion.

Presentation and Outcomes of Kawasaki Disease in Latin American Infants Younger Than 6 Months of Age: A Multinational Multicenter Study of the REKAMLATINA Network.

To characterize the clinical presentation and outcomes of Kawasaki disease (KD) in infants <6 months of age as compared to those ≥6 months in Latin America. We evaluated 36 infants <6 months old and 940 infants ≥6 months old diagnosed with KD in Latin America. We compared differences in laboratory data, clinical presentation, treatment response, and coronary artery outcomes between the two cohorts.