[Electronic tissue compensation for breast external radiotherapy: use of digital reconstructive radiography].

Purpose: In case of external breast radiotherapy, the usual treatment consists of two tangential beams homogeneously attenuated by a dynamic or physics wedge in order to obtain the most homogeneous dose distribution as possible. Depending of the shape and size of the breast volume, we may observe with this technique dose heterogeneity over 20% from the recommendation of the International Committee on Radiation Units and Measurements (95-107%). We propose to study breast treatment planning by compensating tissues thickness in order to decrease dose heterogeneity observed on the dose distribution for conventional treatment.

Radiosurgery with or without A 2-mm margin for 93 single brain metastases.

Purpose: Retrospective comparison of Linac radiosurgery (RS) in 93 single brain metastases with or without a 2-mm margin.

Patients And Methods: A total of 153 patients had Linac RS (between April 1992 and June 2004), with 139 patients (90.8%) evaluable in June 2005.

Impact of CT and 18F-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography image fusion for conformal radiotherapy in esophageal carcinoma.

Purpose: To study the impact of fused (18)F-fluoro-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG)-hybrid positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT) images on conformal radiotherapy planning for esophageal carcinoma patients.

Methods And Materials: Thirty-four esophageal carcinoma patients were referred for concomitant radiotherapy and chemotherapy with radical intent. Each patient underwent CT and FDG-hybrid PET for simulation treatment in the same treatment position.

[Impact of computed tomography (CT) and 18F-deoxyglucose-coincidence detection emission tomography (FDG-CDET) image fusion for optimisation of conformal radiotherapy in non-small-cell lung cancers].

Unlabelled: To report a retrospective study concerning the impact of fused 18F-fluorodeoxy-D-glucose (FDG)-hybrid positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT) images on three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT) planning for patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Patients And Methods: One hundred and one patients consecutively treated for stages I-III NSCLC were studied. Each patient underwent CT and FDG-hybrid PET for simulation treatment in the same radiation treatment position.

[Impact of computed tomography (CT) and 18F-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) image fusion for conformal radiotherapy in esophageal carcinoma].

Purpose: To study the impact of fused (18)F-fluoro-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG)-hybrid positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT) images on conformal radiation therapy (CRT) planning for patients with esophageal carcinoma.

Patients And Methods: Thirty-four patients with esophageal carcinoma were referred for concomitant radiotherapy and chemotherapy with radical intent. Each patient underwent CT and FDG-hybrid PET for simulation treatment in the same radiation treatment position.

Propofol and sufentanil titration with the bispectral index to provide anesthesia for coronary artery surgery.

Background: To provide anesthesia for cardiac surgery, hypnotics and opioids are frequently titrated on variables such as mean arterial pressure and heart rate. In this study conducted in patients scheduled to undergo coronary artery bypass grafting, propofol and sufentanil, both administered by computer-controlled infusion, were titrated on the Bispectral Index (BIS) values using a predefined algorithm.

Methods: After written informed consent, 110 patients, 95 men and 15 women aged 61 (9) yr [mean (SD)], were randomly allocated to receive predicted sufentanil effect site concentrations (Ce) of 0.

Comparison of two semicontinuous cardiac output pulmonary artery catheters after valvular surgery.

Objective: To compare semicontinuous cardiac output (CCO) with bolus cardiac output (BCO), in the immediate postoperative period after valvular surgery, under hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass with two CCO pulmonary artery catheters, based on the pulsed warm thermodilution technique, i.e., Opti-Q from Abbott or IntelliCath from Baxter-Edwards (Abbott and Baxter groups, respectively).

Predictive factors for usefulness of fiberoptic pulmonary artery catheter for continuous oxygen saturation in mixed venous blood monitoring in cardiac surgery.

The main goal of this prospective study was to identify among cardiac surgery patients, usually monitored through a standard pulmonary artery catheter (PAC), those in whom a fiberoptic catheter oximeter to measure oxygen saturation in mixed venous blood (SVO2 PAC) would be most useful. Data from 286 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft (50%) or valvular surgery were recorded, including ASA physical status, New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification, and Parsonnet score (PS). Hemodynamic events and SVO2 changes were collected intra- and postoperatively until weaning from mechanical ventilation.

[Long-term development of aortic valve stenosis surgically treated at an advanced stage].

From January 1972 to June 1990, 112 patients (39 to 83 years old), 67 males and 45 females were submitted to surgery for sever calcified aortic stenosis. 68 patients were in NYHA III (60.72%) and 44 in NYHA IV.

[Plasma concentrations of diltiazem and its metabolites in coronary surgery: relation with preoperative treatment].

Preoperative oral administration of calcium channel blocking agents has been found ineffective to prevent perioperative myocardial ischaemia. Our hypothesis was that low plasma concentrations may account for this inefficiency. Twenty-three male patients, scheduled for surgical myocardial revascularisation, were administered their usual anti-anginal treatment, including 180 to 360 mg of diltiazem since more than one week.

[Dopexamine: a new catecholamine used in the treatment of low cardiac output after heart surgery].

The value of dopexamine hydrochloride, a beta 2 agonist with dopamine-like and weak beta 1 effects, for the treatment of low cardiac output was investigated in twelve patients. All had undergone cardiac surgery (valve replacement, aorto-coronary bypass), and had a cardiac index (C1) less than 21.min-1.

[Use of propofol in anesthesia in cardiac surgery. Preliminary results].

Nine patients, all NYHA class III and IV, who were to undergo surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass, were divided into two groups. All nine were premedicated with 2 mg flunitrazepam orally 90 min before surgery. Group A consisted in five men, mean age 53 years (extremes: 43 and 73), with no significant difference in weight and body surface area, who were to undergo aortic valve replacement (2), mitral valve replacement (2), and aortic and mitral valve replacement (1).

[Hemodynamic effects of propofol].

The new form of propofol gives the same haemodynamic effects as the old one (propofol diluted in cremophor EL). There are few experimental studies concerning the haemodynamic effects of propofol. In the dwarf pig, Glen and Turner found a fall in arterial blood pressure and peripheral resistances, whilst the heart rate and cardiac output rose.

[Treatment of low cardiac output following extracorporeal circulation with captopril].

Seven patients in low-output cardiac failure, resistant to conventional vasodilators and inotropic agents, following surgery with extra-corporeal circulation were given oral captopril, an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor. The effects of captopril on haemodynamic and renal function were studied after 2, 6, 12 and 24 hours of treatment. After two hours, there was a mean reduction in systemic arterial resistance of 29%, in pulmonary arterial resistance of 18% and in pulmonary wedge pressure of 15%.

[Modification of a continuous positive airway pressure in view of its use in postoperative resuscitation in cardiovascular and thoracic surgery].

This paper describes a modification of a CPAP "P.P" circuit. This modified circuit is used to wean from artificial ventilation: 1) Patients exhibiting an hypoxia when undergoing a T piece trial with high FiO2.

[Haemodynamic effects of dopamine, sodium nitroprusside and the association dopamine-sodium nitroprusside. Comparison of their effects after extra-corporeal circulation under deep hypothermia for congenital heart defects in infants and small children (author's transl)].

Heart rate, cardiac index measured by thermodilution, systolic diastolic and mean arterial pressure, mean left and right atrial pressures, were measured immediately before and after 30 minutes of dopamine infusion at a rate of 7 micrograms/kg/minute, then after 30 minutes of nitroprusside infusion at a rate of 0.5 micrograms/kg/minute, and after 30 minutes of association dopamine-nitroprusside at the same doses. The statistical analysis shows that the best enhancement in the cardiac output is observed (P less than 0.