Using simple clinical measures to predict insulin resistance or hyperglycemia in girls with polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) includes insulin resistance (IR) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in youth, and a greatly elevated risk of type 2 diabetes in adulthood. Identifying IR is challenging and documenting IGT requires an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).

Objective: Identify easily applied surrogate measures for IR and IGT in girls with PCOS.

Youth With Type 1 Diabetes Have Adipose, Hepatic, and Peripheral Insulin Resistance.

Context: Adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have difficulty obtaining optimal glucose control, which may relate to insulin resistance (IR), especially during puberty. Moreover, IR increases the risk for cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of death in T1D. However, the tissue specificity of IR in adolescents with T1D has not been fully phenotyped.

Insulin Resistance, Hyperinsulinemia, and Mitochondria Dysfunction in Nonobese Girls With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome.

Objective: Obese girls with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) have decreased insulin sensitivity (IS), muscle mitochondrial dysfunction and increased liver fat, which may contribute to their increased risk for type 2 diabetes. Less is known regarding normal-weight girls with PCOS.

Methods: Normal-weight girls with PCOS [n =18, age 15.

Insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes youth relates to serum free fatty acids and muscle mitochondrial dysfunction.

Aims: Insulin resistance (IR) correlates with mitochondrial dysfunction, free fatty acids (FFAs), and intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D). We hypothesized that muscle IR would relate to similar factors in T2D youth.

Methods: Participants included 17 youth with T2D, 23 normal weight controls (LCs), and 26 obese controls (OBs) of similar pubertal stage and activity level.

Hepatic Steatosis is Common in Adolescents with Obesity and PCOS and Relates to De Novo Lipogenesis but not Insulin Resistance.

Objective: Increased liver fat and type 2 diabetes are prevalent in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and cause excess mortality, yet little is known about their development during adolescence. The objective of this study was to measure hepatic steatosis and related metabolic contributors in girls with obesity, with and without PCOS.

Methods: Nondiabetic adolescents with obesity, 41 with PCOS (PCOS; age 15.