Persistent organic pollutants and endogenous sex-related hormones in Hispanic/Latino adults: The Hispanic Community health study/study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL).

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated associations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) with sex-related hormones; however, findings were inconsistent. Sex-specific impacts and pathways through which adiposity influences associations are not completely understood. We sought to evaluate sex-specific associations of POPs serum concentration with sex-related hormones and to explore pathways through which adiposity may modify associations.

Influence of Genetic Ancestry on Gene-Environment Interactions of Polygenic Risk and Sociocultural Factors: Results from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.

Background: Many present analyses of Hispanic/Latino populations in epidemiologic research aggregate all members of this ethnic group, despite immense diversity in genetic backgrounds, environment, and culture between and across Hispanic/Latino background groups. Using the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL), we examined the role of self-identified background group and genetic ancestry proportions in gene-environment interactions influencing the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and a polygenic score for BMI (PGS).

Methods: Weighted univariate and multivariable generalized linear models were executed to compare the effects of environmental variables identified by McArdle et al.

Neighborhood environments and psychological distress 6-years later: results from the San Diego HCHS/SOL community and surrounding areas study.

Purpose: The current study examined associations of social and built features of neighborhood environments with psychological distress 6 years later and whether these associations were explained by stress and social factors, among Hispanic/Latino adults from the HCHS/SOL and SOL CASAS Ancillary Study.

Methods: In the SOL CASAS Ancillary Study, HCHS/SOL San Diego participants' baseline (2008-2011) home addresses were geocoded, neighborhoods were defined using 800 m radial buffers, and variables representing neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation, social disorder, walkability, and greenness were created. Psychological distress (anxiety and depression symptoms) and proposed pathway variables chronic stress, social support, and family cohesion were assessed at HCHS/SOL Visit 2 (2014-2017).

Hypertension Prevalence among Hispanics/Latinos of Dominican Background: A Transnational Comparison of HCHS/SOL and ENPREFAR-HAS-17.

Background: Hispanics/Latinos of Dominican background living in United States (US) have the highest hypertension prevalence compared with other Hispanic/Latino persons.

Objective: To understand cardiovascular health among Dominicans, we evaluated hypertension prevalence and risk factors among Dominicans from the US and Dominican Republic (DR) using data from Hispanic Community Health Study/ Study of Latinos [HCHS/SOL] and the Prevalencia de Hipertension Arterial y Factores de Riesgo Cardiovasculares en la República Dominicana al 2017 (ENPREFAR-HAS 17) study.

Methods: Hypertension was defined as blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg, self-reported hypertension, or antihypertensive use.

Concurrent validity of the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire to accelerometry in Hispanic/Latino adults: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL).

Objectives: The validity of the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire has not been thoroughly evaluated among Hispanics/Latinos. In this cross-sectional study, we assessed the concurrent validity and correlates of discordance of the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire by comparing it to accelerometry in estimating sedentary behavior, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, and meeting United States physical activity guidelines by sociodemographic, behavioral, and health characteristics.

Design: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos is a 4-site cohort study of United States adults aged 18-74 years enrolled from 2008 to 2011.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Metabolic Syndrome, and Inflammation in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.

Context: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a multifaceted endocrine disorder with reproductive and metabolic dysregulation. PCOS has been associated with inflammation and Metabolic Syndrome (MetS); however, the moderating effects of inflammation as measured by C-reactive protein (CRP) and menopause on the PCOS-MetS association have not been studied in Hispanic/Latinas with PCOS who have a higher metabolic burden.

Objective: We studied the cross-sectional association between PCOS and (i) MetS in 7316 females of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL), (ii) subcomponents of MetS including impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and elevated triglycerides (TGL), and (iii) effect modification by menopausal status and CRP.

Physical Activity, Cardiovascular Status, Mortality, and Prediabetes in Hispanic and Non-Hispanic Adults.

Importance: Data are limited on the association of physical activity (PA) with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality in prediabetes, especially in racial and ethnic minority groups, including Hispanic and Latino populations.

Objective: To determine the association of PA with incident CVD and mortality by prediabetes status among Hispanic or Latino and non-Hispanic adults.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study included data from 2 cohorts of adults with prediabetes or normoglycemia who were free of CVD at baseline visit: the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) from baseline examination through 2017, with median (IQR) follow-up of 7.

Associations of Anxiety Symptoms With 6-Year Blood Pressure Changes and Incident Hypertension: Results From the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.

Background: Despite the high burden of anxiety and hypertension in Hispanic/Latino adults, little is known about their association in this population.

Purpose: To examine the associations of anxiety symptoms with 6-year changes in blood pressure (BP) and incident hypertension in Hispanic/Latino adults.

Methods: We examined data from a probability sample of 10,881 Hispanic/Latino persons aged 18-74 who attended visits 1 (V1; 2008-2011) and 2 (V2; 2014-2017) of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL), a prospective cohort study.

Cardiovascular disease risk exacerbates brain aging among Hispanic/Latino adults in the SOL-INCA-MRI Study.

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors are highly prevalent among Hispanic/Latino adults, while the prevalence of MRI infarcts is not well-documented. We, therefore, sought to examine the relationships between CVD risk factors and infarcts with brain structure among Hispanic/Latino individuals.

Methods: Participants included 1,886 Hispanic/Latino adults (50-85 years) who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as part of the Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging-MRI (SOL-INCA-MRI) study.

Thyroid-related Hormones and Hypertension Incidence in Middle-Aged and Older Hispanic/Latino Adults: The HCHS/SOL Study.

Background: Thyroid-related hormones act to regulate metabolic pathways and blood pressure (BP). However, the relationship of TSH and peripheral thyroid hormones and the role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis on hypertension development is not fully understood. We assessed sex-specific associations of thyroid-related hormones with BP and hypertension in Hispanic/Latino adults followed for 6 years.

Arriba por la Vida Estudio: a randomized controlled trial promoting standing behavior to reduce sitting time among postmenopausal Latinas.

Postmenopausal Hispanic/Latina (N = 254) women with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m were randomized to an intervention to reduce sitting time or a comparison condition for 12 weeks. The standing intervention group received three in-person health-counseling sessions, one home visit, and up to eight motivational interviewing calls. The heart healthy lifestyle comparison group (C) received an equal number of contact hours to discuss healthy aging.

Glycemic Control, Cognitive Aging, and Impairment Among Diverse Hispanic/Latino Individuals: Study of Latinos- Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos).

Objective: Hispanic/Latino individuals in the U.S. have the highest prevalence of undiagnosed and untreated diabetes and are at increased risk for cognitive impairment.

Thyroid Hormones and Diabetes in Euthyroid Hispanic/Latino Adults of Diverse Backgrounds: HCHS/SOL.

Context: Previous studies have demonstrated associations of endogenous thyroid hormones with diabetes; less is known about stages of diabetes development at which they are operative, mechanisms of associations, and the role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis.

Objective: This study examined associations of thyroid hormones with incident prediabetes and diabetes and with changes in glycemic traits in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL), the largest cohort of Hispanic/Latino adults with diverse backgrounds in the United States.

Methods: The study includes 592 postmenopausal euthyroid women and 868 euthyroid men aged 45 to 74 years without diabetes at baseline participating in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL).

Association Between High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein and Metabolic Syndrome Among Hispanic/Latino Participants of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.

To determine whether high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) is associated with incident Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) among U.S. Hispanic/Latino adults.

Study protocol: Project 2VIDA! SARS-CoV-2 vaccine intervention delivery for adults in Southern California.

Background: To date, the United States (US) leads the world in the number of infections and deaths due to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Racial and ethnic disparities in COVID-19 morbidity and mortality are staggering. Age-adjusted data show that AA and Latino individuals have had higher rates of death over most of the pandemic and during surges.

Cumulative All-Cause Mortality in Diverse Hispanic/Latino Adults : A Prospective, Multicenter Cohort Study.

Background: All-cause mortality among diverse Hispanic/Latino groups in the United States and factors underlying mortality differences have not been examined prospectively.

Objective: To describe cumulative all-cause mortality (and factors underlying differences) by Hispanic/Latino background, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design: Prospective, multicenter cohort study.

Randomized trial of an integrated care intervention among Latino adults: Sustained effects on diabetes management.

We examined the 12-month maintenance effects of a previously successful integrated model of diabetes care at improving glycemic management and psychological well-being among Latino adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D). A randomized controlled trial (2015-19) compared an integrated care intervention (ICI) with usual care among 456 adults with T2D. The ICI included integrated medical and behavioral care and health education over 6 months.

Hypertension, Cognitive Decline, and Mild Cognitive Impairment Among Diverse Hispanics/Latinos: Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging Results (SOL-INCA).

Background: Hypertension can have deleterious effects on cognitive function; however, few studies have examined its effects on cognition among Hispanics/Latinos.

Objective: To assess associations between hypertension status with 1) change in cognitive performance, and 2) having mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among diverse Hispanics/Latinos.

Methods: This population-based, prospective cohort, multisite study included Hispanic/Latino adults aged 45 to 72 years in enrolled in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos at Visit 1 (2008-2011; mean age of 63.

Nutritional Avocado Intervention Improves Physical Activity Measures in Hispanic/Latino Families: A Cluster RCT.

Introduction: Nutrition and physical activity are key components for the prevention of cardiovascular disease. There remains a paucity of trial data on the effect of specific nutritional interventions on physical activity and sedentary time. One question is how a common nutrient-dense food such as avocado may impact physical activity and sedentary time in Hispanic/Latino families, a group that reports the lowest levels of physical activity.