Penetrating Posterior Urethral Injuries: Case Report and Management Strategies.

Penetrating posterior urethral trauma from gunshot wounds (GSW) is rare and requires prompt treatment to minimize complications. Data regarding the management of such cases is scarce in the literature and poorly addressed in the guidelines. Different management approaches exist, including urinary diversion with immediate versus delayed urethroplasty/fistula repair.

Manual Dexterity Predictors of Artificial Urinary Sphincter Success.

Objective: To determine better in-office measures for artificial urinary sphincter outcomes, we investigated the ability of preoperative timed peg-transfer, pinch strength, grip strength, and Disabilities of the Arm Shoulder and Hand Outcome questionnaire in predicting postoperative satisfaction, confidence, and ease of use of artificial urinary sphincter placement for stress urinary incontinence.

Materials And Methods: A timed 9-hole peg test, pinch and grip strength assessment, and upper extremity questionnaire were administered during the preoperative visit before sphincter placement. In addition to standard preoperative workup, short-form International Consultation of Incontinence Questionnaire and physician handshake were recorded.

Within-diver variability in venous gas emboli (VGE) following repeated dives.

Introduction: Venous gas emboli (VGE) are widely used as a surrogate endpoint instead of decompression sickness (DCS) in studies of decompression procedures. Peak post-dive VGE grades vary widely following repeated identical dives but little is known about how much of the variability in VGE grades is proportioned between-diver and within-diver.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 834 man-dives on six dive profiles with post-dive VGE measurements was conducted under controlled laboratory conditions.

Malignant priapism: case report and update on management protocols.

Background: Malignant priapism, a rare disease with only about 500 reported cases to date, consists of persistent erection secondary to invasion or metastasis of a primary neoplasm. While treatment guidelines for priapism in non-malignant cases have been established, there is currently no guideline for treating malignant priapism. Herein, we describe three cases of malignant priapism and suggest a step-by-step approach for clinical management.

The use of deformation imaging in the assessment of patients pre and post transcatheter aortic valve implantation.

Background: Deformation imaging represents a method of measuring myocardial function, including global longitudinal strain (GLS), peak atrial longitudinal strain (PALS) and radial strain. This study aimed to assess subclinical improvements in left ventricular function in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) by comparing GLS, PALS and radial strain pre and post procedure.

Methods: We conducted a single site prospective observational study of 25 patients undergoing TAVI, comparing baseline and post-TAVI echocardiograms.

The Outcomes of Pelvic Fracture Urethral Injuries Stratified by Urethral Injury Severity: A Prospective Multi-institutional Genitourinary Trauma Study (MiGUTS).

Objective: To determine patient outcomes across a range of pelvic fracture urethral injury (PFUI) severity. PFUI is a devastating consequence of a pelvic fracture. No study has stratified PFUI outcomes based on severity of the urethral distraction injury.

A multicenter prospective cohort study of endoscopic urethral realignment versus suprapubic cystostomy after complete pelvic fracture urethral injury.

Background: Pelvic fracture urethral injury (PFUI) occurs in up to 10% of pelvic fractures. There is mixed evidence supporting early endoscopic urethral realignment (EUR) over suprapubic tube (SPT) placement and delayed urethroplasty. Some studies show decreased urethral obstruction with EUR, while others show few differences.

Dyslipidaemia management in the cardiac rehabilitation clinic of a tertiary referral centre: analysis of the impact of new ESC guidance on LDL-C target achievement.

Background: Optimisation of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) targets is one component of cardiac rehabilitation (CR). The 2019 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines recommend lower LDL-C targets than those released in 2016.

Aims: To determine the proportion of patients who met 2019 LDL-C targets and compare these to international standards; examine the effect of the introduction of the recent ESC guidelines on target achievement.

Antibiotic Duration After Urethroplasty: An Attempt at Improving Antibiotic Stewardship.

Objective: To evaluate if decreasing postop abx prophylaxis affects UTI and wound infection rates in patients following urethroplasty.

Methods: A retrospective review of patients who underwent urethroplasty from 9/2017 - 3/2020 by a single surgeon was performed. All patients received urine culture specific perioperative IV abx prior to urethroplasty and kept a urethral catheter for 3 weeks postop.

Word meaning in minds and machines.

Machines have achieved a broad and growing set of linguistic competencies, thanks to recent progress in Natural Language Processing (NLP). Psychologists have shown increasing interest in such models, comparing their output to psychological judgments such as similarity, association, priming, and comprehension, raising the question of whether the models could serve as psychological theories. In this article, we compare how humans and machines represent the meaning of words.

Facilitators and barriers to employment for persons with chronic spinal cord injury or disorder: A qualitative study framed by the person-environment-occupation model.

Context/objective: Prolonged unemployment is common for people living with a spinal cord injury or disorder (SCI/D) and can impact negatively on quality of life. The present study examines stakeholder perspectives and experiences with the job search process in order to identify service gaps and return-to-work solutions.

Design: In-depth semi-structured interviews were thematically analysed, with questions focused on factors that can help or hinder efforts to gain employment.

Hemodialysis catheter integrity during mechanical power injection of iodinated contrast medium for computed tomography angiography.

Purpose: CT angiography (CTA) requires vascular access with flow rates of 5-7 mL/s. Hemodialysis (HD) is performed at 6-10 mL/s. The purpose of our study is to evaluate the structural integrity of HD catheters in the administration of contrast media via a mechanical power injector under varying conditions.

Pediatric cystoscopy of male urethral strictures: an accurate and useful preoperative surgical decision making tool.

Introduction: To evaluate flexible pediatric cystoscopy (FPC) as an adjunctive procedure to retrograde urethrography (RUG) and voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) in the preoperative setting for male urethral strictures. Since imaging interpretation of stricture length and caliber can be difficult at times, we sought to evaluate diagnostic utility of FPC to predict reconstructive surgery.

Materials And Methods: Reconstructive urology databases at Washington University and Columbia University were queried from 2010-2017.

An exploration of role expectations of the clinical prosthetist.

Background: The role of the clinical prosthetist in healthcare has evolved substantially, and it is likely that expectations of the role have changed in recent times. Organisational Role Theory provides a framework for considering the expectations and behaviours of health professionals regarding their functions and roles.

Objectives: The main objective of this study is to explore stakeholder consensus in role expectations of the clinical prosthetist in an Australian healthcare setting.

People's sensitivity to content vs. formal properties of visual stimuli: Evidence from category construction.

When people are asked to classify visual stimuli, they are often insensitive to formal properties, such as their 3D coherence or symmetry. We investigated whether this pattern of formal insensitivity would also be found using more familiar stimuli and properties: paintings that differ in their artistic style and words printed in two different typefaces. The experiments used the category formation paradigm in which subjects freely sort items into groups that seem most natural to them.

Online physician reviews: is there a place for them?

Web-based physician ratings are increasingly popular but imperfect proxies for clinical competence. Yet they provide valuable information to patients and providers when taken in proper context. Providers need to embrace the reviews and use them to enact positive change in order to improve the quality of our patients' experience.

On Fodor's First Law of the Nonexistence of Cognitive Science.

In his enormously influential The Modularity of Mind, Jerry Fodor (1983) proposed that the mind was divided into input modules and central processes. Much subsequent research focused on the modules and whether processes like speech perception or spatial vision are truly modular. Much less attention has been given to Fodor's writing on the central processes, what would today be called higher-level cognition.

Psychosocial assessment of potential retinal prosthesis trial participants.

Background: As the field of retinal prostheses advances, volunteers are required for device trials, and optimal participant recruitment is vital for intervention success. The aims of this study were: (i) to select tests that assess the psychosocial aspects of visual impairment and develop a psychosocial assessment protocol for persons who may be eligible for participation in retinal prostheses trials; (ii) to investigate correlations between these tests; and (iii) to determine associations between psychosocial factors and a person's interest in participating in a retinal prosthesis (bionic eye) trial.

Methods: Cross-sectional study of 72 adults with advanced retinal degeneration.

Urinary and Sexual Function after Perineal Urethrostomy for Urethral Stricture Disease: An Analysis from the TURNS.

Purpose: Perineal urethrostomy is a viable option for many complex urethral strictures. However, to our knowledge no comparison with anterior urethroplasty regarding patient reported outcome measures has been published. We compared these groups using a large multi-institution database.

Does routine repeat imaging change management in high-grade renal trauma? Results from three level 1 trauma centers.

Purpose: Guidelines call for routine reimaging of Grade 4-5 renal injuries at 48-72 h. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the clinical utility of computed tomography (CT) reimaging in high-grade renal injuries.

Materials And Methods: We assembled data on 216 trauma patients with high-grade renal trauma at three level 1 trauma centers over a 19-year span between 1999 and 2017 in retrospectively collected trauma database.

Work and SCI: a pilot randomized controlled study of an online resource for job-seekers with spinal cord dysfunction.

Study Design: A prospective, parallel randomized controlled trial (RCT).

Objectives: To test the preliminary effects of an online resource targeted to job-seekers with spinal cord injury or disorder (SCI/D), and to determine the feasibility of proceeding to a full-scale RCT.

Setting: A community cohort in Australia.

International volunteerism and urethral stricture disease: a review.

Global health is an ever-expanding area of interest for many healthcare workers around the world. In recent years, it has become apparent that much of the global disease burden is surgical. Urologic disease is no exception-many international organizations send volunteers around the world to support Urologic services in countries that lack capacity and resources.

Racial distribution of urology workforce in United States in comparison to general population.

Background: To compare the current racial/ethnic characteristics of practicing urologists to the U.S. population by American Urological Association (AUA) census geographic region.

Scoping review of claimants' experiences within Australian workers' compensation systems.

Objective The aim of this scoping review was to map the literature on the lived experiences of injured workers in Australia in order to better understand the factors that inhibit the transition back to work and improved health. The ultimate aim of the study was to identify areas for further research into workers' compensation systems and practices that are associated with improved occupational rehabilitation outcomes. Methods PubMed, ProQuest, Embase and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) were searched for eligible articles published in English in peer-reviewed journals from 2001 to 2017.

Contrasting Semantic versus Inhibitory Processing in the Angular Gyrus: An fMRI Study.

Recent studies of semantic memory have focused on dissociating the neural bases of two foundational components of human thought: taxonomic categories, which group similar objects like dogs and seals based on features, and thematic categories, which group dissimilar objects like dogs and leashes based on events. While there is emerging consensus that taxonomic concepts are represented in the anterior temporal lobe, there is disagreement over whether thematic concepts are represented in the angular gyrus (AG). We previously found AG sensitivity to both kinds of concepts; however, some accounts suggest that such activity reflects inhibition of irrelevant information rather than thematic activation.