Comparison of minimally invasive to standard temporal lobectomy approaches to epilepsy surgery: Seizure relief and visual confrontation naming outcomes.

The purpose of this study was to systematically examine three different surgical approaches in treating left medial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) (viz., subtemporal selective amygdalohippocampectomy [subSAH], stereotactic laser amygdalohippocampotomy [SLAH], and anterior temporal lobectomy [ATL]), to determine which procedures are most favorable in terms of visual confrontation naming and seizure relief outcome. This was a retrospective study of 33 adults with intractable mTLE who underwent left temporal lobe surgery at three different epilepsy surgery centers who also underwent pre-, and at least 6-month post-surgical neuropsychological testing.

Identifying ligands for the PHD1 finger of KDM5A through high-throughput screening.

PHD fingers are a type of chromatin reader that primarily recognize chromatin as a function of lysine methylation state. Dysregulated PHD fingers are implicated in various human diseases, including acute myeloid leukemia. Targeting PHD fingers with small molecules is considered challenging as their histone tail binding pockets are often shallow and surface-exposed.

Retrospective cohort comparison between fluoroscopic and radiograph-only exams for evaluation of gastrostomy and gastrojejunostomy tubes.

Background: Gastrostomy (G) tube or gastrojejunostomy (GJ) tube checks are radiographic procedures that are frequently ordered to confirm tube positioning.

Objective: To characterize the sensitivity and specificity of radiograph-only examinations and traditional radiologist-performed fluoroscopy exams for G-tube or GJ-tube malposition and other adverse events detectable by imaging.

Materials And Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study at a single tertiary pediatric center that included all subjects who underwent G-tube or GJ-tube checks using fluoroscopy or radiograph-only exams between January 1, 2008, and January 1, 2019.

Progression of Pentosan-Polysulfate Sodium-Associated Retinopathy: Intermediate Follow-Up.

Background And Objective: To compare the risk factors for the development and progression of pigmentary retinopathy in patients exposed to pentosan polysulfate sodium (PPS).

Materials And Methods: Retrospective cohort study of patients exposed to PPS with at least two follow-up visits with multimodal imaging.

Results: A total of 97 patients were included (33 with PPS-associated retinopathy and 64 without).

Isolated Rectus Femoris Rupture with Ipsilateral Femoroacetabular Impingement in a Collegiate Track Athlete: A Case Report.

Introduction: Quadriceps ruptures, especially isolated rectus femoris ruptures, are uncommon among young and healthy individuals.

Case Report: We describe an 18-year-old collegiate sprinter with a rectus femoris tendon rupture who continued to have significant pain and dysfunction despite non-operative management. He was concurrently found to have femoroacetabular impingement and a labrum tear as well.

Mosaic Attenuation Pattern: A Guide to Analysis with HRCT.

Mosaic attenuation pattern is commonly encountered on high-resolution computed tomography and has myriad causes. These diseases may involve small airways, vessels, alveoli, or interstitium, with some involving compartmental combinations. Small airways disease is caused by cellular bronchiolitis, infiltrated by inflammatory cells or constrictive bronchiolitis, resulting in fibrosis of the small airways.

Amygdalar functional connectivity during resting and evoked pain in youth with functional abdominal pain disorders.

Pediatric functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPD) are highly prevalent, difficult to diagnose, and challenging to treat. The brain systems supporting FAPD remain poorly understood. This investigation examined the neuromechanisms of FAPD during a well-tolerated visceral pain induction task, the water load symptom provocation task (WL-SPT).

New insight into the neural mechanisms of migraine in adolescents: Relationships with sleep.

Objective: This case-control study examines if measures of subjective and objective (actigraphic) sleep difficulties mediate alterations in amygdalar connectivity in adolescents with migraine compared to healthy adolescents.

Background: Adolescents with migraine have different functional connectivity of the amygdala compared to individuals without migraine. Sleep is often disturbed in adolescents with migraine, and could contribute to the alterations in functional connectivity.

Inhibiting a dynamic viral protease by targeting a non-catalytic cysteine.

Viruses are responsible for some of the most deadly human diseases, yet available vaccines and antivirals address only a fraction of the potential viral human pathogens. Here, we provide a methodology for managing human herpesvirus (HHV) infection by covalently inactivating the HHV maturational protease via a conserved, non-catalytic cysteine (C161). Using human cytomegalovirus protease (HCMV Pr) as a model, we screened a library of disulfides to identify molecules that tether to C161 and inhibit proteolysis, then elaborated hits into irreversible HCMV Pr inhibitors that exhibit broad-spectrum inhibition of other HHV Pr homologs.

Cerebral blood flow is lower in youth with type 2 diabetes compared to obese controls: A pilot study.

Aim: The cerebral vasculature may be susceptible to the adverse effects of type 2 diabetes. In this pilot study, we compared cerebral blood flow (CBF) in youth with type 2 diabetes to obese, euglycemic controls, and explored the association between CBF and a non-invasive measure of atherosclerosis, carotid intima-medial thickness (IMT).

Methods: Global and regional CBF were compared between youth with type 2 diabetes (mean age 16.

Pentosan Polysulfate Sodium-Associated Pigmentary Retinopathy: Risk Factors and Fundus Findings.

Purpose: To evaluate the risk factors and fundus findings of patients with potential PPS-associated retinopathy.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed of patients exposed to PPS who had a dilated fundus examination at a large retina-only practice from 2018-21. Multimodal images were evaluated by masked reviewers.

Was the COVID-19 Pandemic Associated with Gender Disparities in Authorship of Manuscripts Submitted to Clinical Neuropsychology Journals?

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated gender disparities in some academic disciplines. This study examined the association of the pandemic with gender authorship disparities in clinical neuropsychology (CN) journals.

Method: Author bylines of 1,018 initial manuscript submissions to four major CN journals from March 15 through September 15 of both 2019 and 2020 were coded for binary gender.

Spreading Diffusion-Restriction Events in the Gyrencephalic Brain After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Revealed by Continuous Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Background: How widely spreading depolarizations (SDs) propagate through the gyrencephalic brain, including sulci and deeper cortical areas, remains an important clinical question. Here, we investigated SDs that occur spontaneously after subarachnoid placement of autologous blood clots in sulci of the juvenile swine brain.

Methods: To investigate the three-dimensional spread of waves, animals underwent continuous diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) for up to 6 h following clot placement.

Rapidly Destructive Hip Disease Following Intra-Articular Corticosteroid Injection of the Hip.

Background: While recent reports have suggested that hip corticosteroid injections can hasten joint degeneration, there are few published data on the topic. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate for an association between corticosteroid injection and rapidly destructive hip disease (RDHD) and to determine the rate of, and risk factors for, occurrence.

Methods: This study was conducted in 2 parts.

Lymphatic Pathways of the Thorax: Predictable Patterns of Spread.

This article reviews thoracic lymphatic pathways and tributaries, discusses lymphatic anatomic variants and their clinical implications, and emphasizes common patterns of thoracic lymphadenopathy from extrapulmonary malignancies. Recognition of common patterns and pathways of thoracic lymphatic drainage can help identify the site of tumor origin and allow a more focused examination of disease extent, both of which are important for disease prognosis and management.

Accessory and Incomplete Lung Fissures: Clinical and Histopathologic Implications.

Objective: This article reviews the anatomy, histology, and disease processes of pulmonary fissures, with emphasis on clinical implications of accessory and incomplete fissures.

Conclusion: Accessory and incomplete pulmonary fissures are often overlooked during routine imaging but can have profound clinical importance. Knowledge of fissure anatomy could improve diagnostic accuracy and inform prognosis for oncologists, interventional pulmonologists, and thoracic surgeons.

Atypical language representation as a protective factor against verbal memory decline following epilepsy surgery.

Objective: An important role of neuropsychology in the preoperative evaluation of epilepsy surgery candidates is to assess risk for postoperative memory decline. One factor associated with postoperative verbal memory decline is surgery in the language-dominant temporal lobe (TL). The aim of the study was to determine whether atypical language representation has a protective effect against verbal memory decline following left temporal, frontotemporal, or hippocampal excision.

Identification of neural and psychophysical predictors of headache reduction after cognitive behavioral therapy in adolescents with migraine.

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a psychological intervention that involves development of coping strategies to reduce the experience of pain. Although CBT is a promising intervention to reduce headache days in patients with migraine, it may not be effective for all patients. Thus, there is a need to identify markers that could predict which patients will respond to CBT.

Office Examinations-Directed Treatment Paradigms Reduce Travel Burden, Decrease Treatment Cost, and Improve Quality-Adjusted Life-Years for Patients With Exudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration Undergoing Antivascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy.

Purpose: In the United States, most intravitreal injections are performed the same day as an office examinations; however, federal agencies and insurance payers suggest these same-day examinations charges are overused and have recommended scrutiny. In this study, we estimate the cost vs benefit to society of same-day office examinations during intravitreal injections for wet age-related macular degeneration (wAMD).

Methods: An Excel spreadsheet was used to model different antivascular endothelial growth factor treatment scenarios for wAMD, including automatic treatment, injection series' treat and extend (T&E), and as-needed treatment, with increasing same-day examinations in the order listed.