The Significance of Exposure to Pregestational Type 2 Diabetes in Utero on Fetal Renal Size and Subcutaneous Fat Thickness.

Objectives: To determine the relationship between exposure to pregestational type 2 diabetes (T2D) and renal size and subcutaneous fat thickness in fetuses during routine obstetrical ultrasound.

Methods: This was a case-control study (January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019). Routine obstetrical ultrasounds performed between 18 and 22 weeks' gestation at a tertiary-care fetal assessment unit were reviewed.

Severe Rh alloimmunization and hemolytic disease of the fetus managed with plasmapheresis, intravenous immunoglobulin and intrauterine transfusion: A case report.

Rh alloimmunization remains a potentially devastating complication of pregnancy, with fetal anemia causing hydrops and intrauterine death. Intrauterine transfusion is the standard treatment, but is particularly dangerous before 20 weeks gestation. When the need for intrauterine transfusion is anticipated early in pregnancy, immune-modulating therapies such as plasmapheresis and IVIG have been used to delay transfusion to a later gestational age.

Increased nuchal translucency thickness: a potential indicator for Ritscher-Schinzel syndrome.

Objective: The Ritscher-Schinzel syndrome (RSS), also known as the 3C syndrome, is an autosomal recessive disorder classically comprising craniofacial, cerebellar and cardiac defects. The underlying molecular etiology remains unknown; therefore, prenatal diagnosis of recurrences depends on identification of the associated structural anomalies on second trimester ultrasound examination. Identification of recurrences using first-trimester ultrasound has not been reported previously.

The use of folic acid for the prevention of neural tube defects and other congenital anomalies.

Objective: To provide information regarding the use of folic acid for the prevention of neural tube defects (NTDs) and other congenital anomalies, in order that physicians, midwives, nurses, and other health-care workers can assist in the education of women in the preconception phase of their health care. OPTION: Folic acid supplementation is problematic, since 50% of pregnancies are unplanned and the health status of women may not be optimal.

Outcomes: Folic acid supplementation has been proven to decrease or minimize specific birth defects.

Prevention of Rh alloimmunization.

Objective: To provide guidelines on use of anti-D prophylaxis to optimize prevention of rhesus (Rh) alloimmunization in Canadian women.

Outcomes: Decreased incidence of Rh alloimmunization and minimized practice variation with regards to immunoprophylaxis strategies.

Evidence: The Cochrane Library and MEDLINE were searched for English-language articles from 1968 to 2001, relating to the prevention of Rh alloimmunization.

RETIRED: Amniocentesis and women with hepatitis B, hepatitis C, or human immunodeficiency virus.

This document has been archived because it contains outdated information. It should not be consulted for clinical use, but for historical research only. Please visit the journal website for the most recent guidelines.

PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM (VTE) IN OBSTETRICS.

OBJECTIVE: to identify risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE) in the peripartum period and to provide guidelines for risk assessment and thromboprophylactic measures for VTE in pregnant women. Guidelines for diagnostic testing and for acute and long term treatment of VTE are also provided.OPTIONS: specific subgroups of pregnant women are defined and appropriate prophylactic measures are outlined.

RETIRED: Cystic fibrosis carrier testing in pregnancy in Canada.

This document has been archived because it contains outdated information. It should not be consulted for clinical use, but for historical research only. Please visit the journal website for the most recent guidelines.

Placental expression of insulin-like growth factor receptor-1 and insulin receptor in the growth-restricted fetal rat.

Objective: The type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-R1), which resembles the insulin receptor (INS-R), is expressed abundantly in the placenta. The regulation of fetal growth by IGFs and insulin might reflect their actions on the placenta. This study compared the placental expression of IGF-R1 and INS-R in growth-restricted and normal pregnancies.