Size of lipid emulsion droplets influences metabolism in human CD4 T cells.

Scope: Triglyceride-based lipid emulsions are critical for total parenteral nutrition (TPN), but their long-term use has adverse effects, such as severe liver dysfunction necessitating improved formulations. This study compares the uptake mechanism and intracellular fate of novel glycerol-stabilized nano-sized lipid emulsions with conventional emulsions in CD4 T cells, focusing on their impact on cellular metabolism.

Methods And Results: Nanoemulsions were formulated with increased glycerol content.

Novel lipid emulsion for total parenteral nutrition based on 18-carbon n-3 fatty acids elicits a superior immunometabolic phenotype in a murine model compared with standard lipid emulsions.

Background: While lipid emulsions in modern formulations for total parenteral nutrition (TPN) provide essential fatty acids and dense calories, they also promote inflammation and immunometabolic disruptions.

Objectives: We aimed to develop a novel lipid emulsion for TPN use with superior immunometabolic actions compared with available standard lipid emulsions.

Methods: A novel lipid emulsion [Vegaven (VV)] containing 30% of 18-carbon n-3 fatty acids (α-linolenic acid and stearidonic acid) was developed for TPN (VV-TPN) and compared with TPN containing soybean oil-based lipid emulsion (IL-TPN) and fish-oil-based lipid emulsion (OV-TPN).

Novel Strategies to Prevent Total Parenteral Nutrition-Induced Gut and Liver Inflammation, and Adverse Metabolic Outcomes.

Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is a life-saving therapy administered to millions of patients. However, it is associated with significant adverse effects, namely liver injury, risk of infections, and metabolic derangements. In this review, the underlying causes of TPN-associated adverse effects, specifically gut atrophy, dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiome, leakage of the epithelial barrier with bacterial invasion, and inflammation are first described.