Assessing ChatGPT's Responses to Otolaryngology Patient Questions.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate ChatGPT's performance in addressing real-world otolaryngology patient questions, focusing on accuracy, comprehensiveness, and patient safety, to assess its suitability for integration into healthcare.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using patient questions from the public online forum Reddit's r/AskDocs, where medical advice is sought from healthcare professionals. Patient questions were input into ChatGPT (GPT-3.

Laryngotracheal Amyloidosis: Amyloid Airway Center 23-Year Experience.

Objectives: Localized laryngotracheal amyloidosis (LA) is a rare disease that can impact phonation and respiration. Treatment options include observation, surgery, and radiation therapy (RT). Given the rare incidence of LA, evidence regarding optimal management and long-term outcomes is limited.

Automated Creak Differentiates Adductor Laryngeal Dystonia and Muscle Tension Dysphonia.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether automated estimates of vocal creak would differentiate speakers with adductor laryngeal dystonia (AdLD) from speakers with muscle tension dysphonia (MTD) and speakers without voice disorders.

Methods: Sixteen speakers with AdLD, sixteen speakers with MTD, and sixteen speakers without voice disorders were recorded in a quiet environment reading aloud a standard paragraph. An open-source creak detector was used to calculate the percentage of creak (% creak) in each of the speaker's six recorded sentences.

Correlating muscle resection with functional swallow outcomes: An anatomic framework informed systematic review of the literature.

Objective: To perform a systematic review of studies reporting swallow-associated outcomes in patients who received surgery for head and neck cancer (HNC), informed by an anatomic and physiologic framework of pharyngeal phase of swallowing (Pearson's dual-sling model).

Methods: PUBMED and Google Scholar databases were searched for peer-reviewed papers published between 1990 and 2019 using relevant MeSH terms. Exclusion criteria were 1) discussions comparing reconstruction techniques, 2) case-report/series (n < 10), 3) perspective articles, 4) papers comparing objective instrumental methods of swallowing evaluation, 5) animal/cadaver studies, 6) no instrumental or validated swallow assessment tools used, 7) papers that discuss/include radiotherapy treatment, 8) systematic reviews, 9) papers that discuss swallow training or rehabilitation methods.

Social determinants of health and treatment decisions in head and neck cancer.

Background: This study compares select social determinants of health (SDOH) with treatment modality selection and treatment completion in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients, to better understand disparities in health outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of HNC (n = 1428) patients was conducted. Demographic and disease-specific variables were recorded, including treatment modality selection and completion.

Geographic Barriers Affect Follow-Up Care in Head and Neck Cancer.

Objectives/hypothesis: Follow-up care in head and neck cancers (HNC) is critical in managing patient health. However, social determinants of health (SDOH) can create difficulties in maintaining follow-up care. The study goal is to explore how SDOH impacts maintenance of HNC follow-up care appointments.

Evaluating a Prototype Nasolaryngoscopy Hood During Aerosol-Generating Procedures in Otolaryngology.

Objective: During the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been considerable interest in identifying aerosol- and droplet-generating procedures, as well as efforts to mitigate the spread of these potentially dangerous particulates. This study evaluated the efficacy of a prototype nasolaryngoscopy hood (PNLH) during various clinical scenarios that are known to generate aerosols and droplets.

Study Design: Prospective detection of airborne aerosol generation during clinical simulation while wearing an PNLH.

Hypofractionated radiotherapy and surgery compared to standard radiotherapy in early glottic cancer.

Purpose: Early-stage glottic laryngeal cancer is treated with surgery or radiotherapy (RT), but limited randomized data exists to support one modality over the other. This study evaluates survival differences in early glottic cancer patients treated with either surgery or RT.

Materials And Methods: 14,498 patients with early glottic cancer diagnosed from 2004 to 2015 and treated with surgery or RT were identified in the National Cancer Database.

Guidelines for Resident Participation in Otolaryngology Telehealth Clinics During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The practice of otolaryngology has changed drastically since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. To limit exposure and maintain a reserve of caregivers, residency education ceased most clinical activities and shifted to remote lecture consortiums hosted online across the country in lieu of ambulatory and operative experiences. Many practicing university otolaryngologists have transitioned their clinics to telehealth medicine to maintain access to clinical care during the pandemic.

Quality improvement in tracheostomy care: A multidisciplinary approach to standardizing tracheostomy care to reduce complications.

Purpose: Develop a model for quality improvement in tracheostomy care and decrease tracheostomy-related complications.

Methods: This study was a prospective quality improvement project at an academic tertiary care hospital. A multidisciplinary team was assembled to create institutional guidelines for clinical care during the pre-operative, intra-operative, and post-operative periods.

Investigating Patient Preferences in Medical Student Attire in the Outpatient Otolaryngology Setting.

Background: The authors sought to investigate patient preferences on physician and medical student attire in the outpatient otolaryngology setting.

Methods: A prospective sample of 50 (23 males, 27 females) patients presenting to an otolaryngology clinic in a North American teaching hospital, Boston, MA, were included. Patients were seen by a researcher wearing a white coat and either (1) a shirt and tie or (2) surgical scrubs, then completed a Likert-style survey evaluating feelings of trust, comfort, and professionalism.

Novel treatment for mild and moderate velopharyngeal insufficiency using implantable AlloDerm for posterior pharyngeal wall augmentation and review of surgical repair techniques.

Purpose: Mild and moderate velopharyngeal insufficiency is a relatively common structural defect of the velopharyngeal sphincter that occurs congenitally or secondarily to various medical conditions resulting in speech inadequacy. Currently, multiple surgical methods exist to treat mild and moderate velopharyngeal insufficiency; however, the revision rates are high and the outcomes are variable. This case series describes a novel technique using implantable AlloDerm to repair the posterior pharyngeal wall to treat mild and moderate velopharyngeal insufficiency.

Comparing surgical and nonsurgical larynx-preserving treatments with total laryngectomy for locally advanced laryngeal cancer.

Background: The declining 5-year overall survival (OS) of patients with laryngeal cancer has been associated with increased nonsurgical management of stage III/IV disease. To further assess this hypothesis, the authors evaluated recent OS trends and patterns of use between larynx-preserving approaches with chemoradiation (CRT) or partial laryngectomy (PL) and total laryngectomy (TL) stratified by tumor and nodal burden.

Methods: The National Cancer Data Base was used to identify 8703 patients with stage III/IV (excluding T1 tumors) laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma treated between 2003 and 2011 with CRT or upfront PL or TL with or without adjuvant therapy.

Optimal sequencing of chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced laryngeal cancer.

Objective: To determine the optimal sequencing of chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced laryngeal cancer. The hypothesis was that concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) would be associated with improved overall survival (OS) compared to induction chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy (RT)/surgery (IC).

Methods: The National Cancer Database identified 8,154 patients with American Joint Commission on Cancer stage III/IV (excluding T1) laryngeal cancer between 2004 and 2013 treated with one of the established organ preservation techniques: CCRT or IC.

Emergency Airway Response Team (EART) Documentation: Criteria, Feasibility, and Usability.

Patients in an acute care hospital who experience a difficult airway event outside the operating room need a specialized emergency airway response team (EART) immediately. This designated team manages catastrophic airway events using advanced airway techniques as well as surgical intervention. Nurses respond as part of this team.

Applications of Augmented Reality in Otolaryngology: A Systematic Review.

Objective: Augmented reality (AR) is a rapidly developing technology. The aim of this systematic review was to (1) identify and evaluate applications of AR in otolaryngology and (2) examine trends in publication over time.

Data Sources: PubMed and EMBASE.

Surgical Management of Long-standing Eagle's Syndrome.

Introduction: Eagle's syndrome is a rare condition that refers to chronic recurrent pain in the oropharynx, face, and neck due to elongation of the styloid process or calcification of the stylohyoid ligament. It can be treated medically or surgically through a styloidectomy. In this paper, we review our experience with the two surgical approaches for the management of Eagle's syndrome.

Primary surgery versus primary radiation-based treatment for locally advanced oropharyngeal cancer.

Objective: Randomized data comparing surgery to radiation for locally advanced oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) are lacking. This study evaluated practice patterns and overall survival outcomes from the National Cancer Database.

Methods: A total of 22,676 patients with stage III to IV, locally advanced OPC were treated between 2004 to 2013 with primary chemoradiation (CRT) or surgery with adjuvant radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy (aRT ± CT).

Emergency Airway Response Team Simulation Training: A Nursing Perspective.

Background: Simulation-based education is an important tool in the training of professionals in the medical field, especially for low-frequency, high-risk events. An interprofessional simulation-based training program was developed to enhance Emergency Airway Response Team (EART) knowledge, team dynamics, and personnel confidence. This quality improvement study evaluated the EART simulation training results of nurse participants.

The color of cancer: Margin guidance for oral cancer resection using elastic scattering spectroscopy.

Objectives/hypothesis: To evaluate the usefulness of elastic scattering spectroscopy (ESS) as a diagnostic adjunct to frozen section analysis in patients with diagnosed squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity.

Study Design: Prospective analytic study.

Methods: Subjects for this single institution, institutional review board-approved study were recruited from among patients undergoing surgical resection for squamous cell cancer of the oral cavity.

Chemoresponse Assay in Head and Neck Cancer Patients: A Three-Year Follow Up.

Introduction: The majority of patients with advanced head and neck cancer receiving chemotherapy show partial response or frank resistance. Therefore, assessing the individuals' tumour reactivity to the eligible chemotherapeutic compounds carries the potential of personalizing the patient treatment and minimizing ineffective regimens which lead to excess toxicity and cost, treatment delays and possibly causing the tumour to be cross resistant to additional drugs.

Aim: To determine the effectiveness of a phenotypic chemoresponse assay in predicting response to chemotherapy in a retrospective series of head and neck cancer patients whose tumour specimens had been tested with ChemoFx assay (Precision Theraputic Inc.

The Benefits and Limitations of Targeted Training in Flexible Transnasal Laryngoscopy Diagnosis.

Importance: Targeted laryngoscopy training can be used successfully in de novo learners.

Objective: To determine the value of targeted laryngoscopy education in interns.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This prospective study of fiberoptic laryngoscopy interpretations enrolled 13 participants in an academic hospital setting from August 1 to December 31, 2015.

Analysis of decision making at a multidisciplinary head and neck tumor board incorporating evidence-based National Cancer Comprehensive Network (NCCN) guidelines.

Purpose: To evaluate incorporation of National Cancer Comprehensive Network (NCCN) guidelines in decision making at a head and neck cancer (HNC) multidisciplinary tumor board (MDT) at an urban academic medical center.

Methods And Materials: A retrospective study of 176 HNC patients was performed. The extent to which MDT decisions and subsequent patient care incorporate NCCN guidelines was evaluated.

Comprehensive Emergency Airway Response Team (EART) Training and Education: Impact on Team Effectiveness, Personnel Confidence, and Protocol Knowledge.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and utility of simulation of the Emergency Airway Response Team (EART) at a tertiary care hospital to improve team dynamics and confidence and knowledge in managing an emergency airway.

Methods: This was a descriptive, quantitative performance improvement study. From September 1, 2013, to December 1, 2013, 177 members of the EART from anesthesia, otolaryngology, trauma surgery, emergency medicine, ICU nursing, and respiratory therapy participated in emergency airway simulations.